In one paragraph
The federal H.R. 5332 (Liquid Cooling for AI Act of 2025) would require the Comptroller General to start a review within 30 days after enactment of liquid cooling in data centers, including for high-performance computing and AI, and report within 90 days to the Energy Secretary and congressional committees. The Energy Secretary would then have 180 days after receiving the report to submit an assessment with recommendations for liquid-cooling and heat-reuse R&D. Introduced September 11, 2025 and referred to the House Energy and Commerce and Science, Space, and Technology committees; no further action.
Plain-English summary, written with AI assistance. The official text controls.
What it means for business
None yet: the bill is pending. No duties for businesses; the review and reports fall on the Comptroller General and Energy Secretary, who must consult industry.
Key provisions
- Sec. 3(a): within 30 days after enactment the Comptroller General "shall initiate a review" of R&D needs and market, technological and regulatory conditions for liquid cooling in data centers
- The review covers costs and benefits, avoided energy costs, compute capacity gains, direct-to-chip versus immersion cooling, coolants, heat reuse, failure scenarios and whether liquid cooling should be a primary option over air cooling
- The Comptroller General "shall consult" federal, state and local governments, the private sector, academia and National Laboratories; the Energy Secretary and Comptroller General jointly designate a liquid cooling industry organization to coordinate
- Within 90 days after enactment the Comptroller General submits the report to the Energy Secretary and committees
- Within 180 days after receiving the report the Energy Secretary submits an assessment, including R&D recommendations on liquid cooling and heat reuse
- Sec. 2 findings cite data centers using 4.4 percent of U.S. electricity in 2023, up from 1.9 percent in 2018; no appropriations or penalties
Latest legislative action
Sep 11, 2025. Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
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This page is general information, not legal advice. Summaries are AI-assisted and may contain errors; read the statute for the controlling text and talk to a lawyer about your situation. Full disclaimer · Report an error