Government AI regulation addresses how state and local agencies deploy artificial intelligence — from policing and criminal justice to public benefits and licensing. These laws establish procurement standards, audit requirements, public transparency mandates, and limitations on high-risk government AI applications.
An act relating to data brokers and personal information
Vermont's H.211 (Act 138 of 2026) overhauls Vermont's data broker law, with higher fees and fines, checks before brokers disclose data, and a data broker breach-notice law. Its AI-relevant provision is in the annual registration under 9 V.S.A. § 2446: a data broker must state whether, in the past year, it shared consumers' data with or sold it to a developer of a generative AI ("GenAI") system or model, alongside disclosures about sales to foreign actors, governments and law enforcement. The act defines a GenAI system as an AI system that can generate synthetic text, images, video and audio. These provisions take effect January 1, 2027.
Generative AI Terrorism Risk Assessment Act
The federal H.R. 1736 (Generative AI Terrorism Risk Assessment Act) would require the Secretary of Homeland Security, in consultation with the Director of National Intelligence, to submit an assessment of terrorism threats posed by the use of generative AI within one year after enactment and annually for five years after that. The House passed it by voice vote November 19, 2025; received in the Senate November 20, 2025 and referred to the Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee.
Enacts the "political artificial intelligence disclaimer (PAID) act"; requires political communications that use synthetic media to disclose that they were created with the assistance of artificial intelligence; requires committees that use synthetic media to maintain records of such usage.
New York's S 6638-B (2023-2024), the political artificial intelligence disclaimer (PAID) act, would have amended Election Law section 14-106 to require political communications produced by or including synthetic media to carry the statement "THIS POLITICAL COMMUNICATION WAS CREATED WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE", and committees to keep and file records of synthetic media use. It cleared the Elections Committee March 12, 2024 (7 to 0) but was committed to Rules June 7, 2024 and died when the 2023-2024 session ended.
Creates a temporary state commission to study and investigate how to regulate artificial intelligence, robotics and automation; repeals such commission.
New York's S 8138-A (2023-2024) would have created a temporary state commission to study and investigate how to regulate artificial intelligence, robotics and automation. Fourteen members would study subjects such as current law, civil and criminal liability, employment and public-sector uses and issue a final report, with the act expiring December 31, 2025. The Senate passed it 59-0 on May 8, 2024, but it stalled in the Assembly and died when the 2023-2024 session ended.
County Boards of Education - Artificial Intelligence Training Program - Requirement
Maryland's SB 375 (2026, first reader text) would have added Education Article section 4-148 requiring the State Department of Education to develop or approve an AI training program for county board of education members, with foundational training and continuing annual training. New members would complete foundational training within 1 year of starting a term; members in office on July 1, 2026 would complete it by June 30, 2027. The bill had a hearing set for February 27, 2026 and died when the 2026 session ended.
Data brokers: data collection and deletion.
California's SB 361 expands what data brokers must report when registering with the California Privacy Protection Agency. Registrations must say whether the broker collects data such as account logins, government ID numbers, citizenship or immigration status, union membership, sexual orientation, gender identity or biometric data, and whether in the past year it shared or sold consumers' data to a developer of a generative AI system or model, a foreign actor, governments or law enforcement. Signed October 8, 2025 (Chapter 466); effective January 1, 2026.
Algorithmic Addiction Fund - Establishment
Maryland's SB 602 (2026, first reader text, cross-filed with HB 715) would have created the Algorithmic Addiction Fund, administered by the Maryland Department of Health, to hold civil penalties the State receives from judgments or settlements over harm to children from social media and improper use of algorithms, for prevention, intervention and treatment programs. The fund would start only after such a judgment or settlement. It had a Senate Finance hearing set for February 24, 2026 and died when the 2026 session ended.
Algorithmic Addiction Fund – Establishment
Maryland's HB 715 (2026, first reader text, cross-filed with SB 602) would have created the Algorithmic Addiction Fund, administered by the Maryland Department of Health, to hold civil penalties the State receives from judgments or settlements over harm to children from social media and improper use of algorithms, for prevention, intervention and treatment programs. The fund would start only after such a judgment or settlement. It had a hearing set for March 10, 2026 in House Appropriations and died when the 2026 session ended.
Election Law - Actions to Influence an Election - Social Media Platform Algorithms and Bots Purchased by Foreign Nationals
Maryland's SB 697 (2026, third reader text) would have added Election Law section 13-251 presuming a social media platform made an independent expenditure if it knowingly and purposely changed its algorithm, without a legitimate business purpose or standard editorial policy, to amplify political content benefiting a clearly identified candidate. It would also have barred foreign nationals from using bots to spread campaign material or amplify political content. It passed the Senate 45-0, was referred to a House committee, and died when the 2026 session ended.
Law Enforcement – Use of Facial Recognition Technology – Images Captured by Camera Affixed to Dwelling Exterior
Maryland's HB 762 (2026, first reader text) would have added an exception to Criminal Procedure section 2-503 letting law enforcement use facial recognition technology on images captured by a camera affixed to a dwelling's exterior by the dwelling's owner or lawful tenant, to investigate arson, burglary and trespass offenses. It had a House Judiciary hearing set for February 24, 2026 and died when the 2026 session ended.
Consumer Protection and Product Liability - Chatbots
Maryland's HB 1250 (2026, first reader text, cross-filed with SB 827) would have regulated operators and developers of generative AI chatbots made available to Maryland users: affirmative consent for training on input data, a ban on using chat logs for advertising, a 10-year cap on chat log retention, protections for users under 13, hourly not-human warnings, monthly safety testing, and product liability with possible strict liability. It had a House Economic Matters hearing set for March 3, 2026 and died when the 2026 session ended.
Research and Oversight of AI in Courts Act of 2026
The federal H.R. 7997 (Research and Oversight of AI in Courts Act of 2026) would require the Attorney General, through the National Institute of Justice, to set up a 15-member task force within 60 days of enactment to assess AI speech-to-text and automatic speech recognition use in U.S. courts. A final report is due 18 months later. Referred to the House Judiciary Committee March 19, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Research and Oversight of AI in Courts Act of 2026
The federal S. 4154 (Research and Oversight of AI in Courts Act of 2026) would require the Attorney General, through the National Institute of Justice, to establish within 60 days after enactment a 15-member task force on AI speech-to-text and automatic speech recognition technology in U.S. courts, with a final report due 18 months after it is established. Introduced March 19, 2026 and referred to the Senate Judiciary Committee; no further action.
Artificial Intelligence in Education
Florida's SB 1194 (Jones) would require the State Board of Education to adopt statewide standards and a policy for school and student use of AI, direct the Department of Education to collect AI metrics, train teachers and review district compliance, require instruction in digital literacy and AI ethics for grades 6 to 12, and add AI policies to student codes of conduct. Filed January 6, 2026; it died in the Education Pre-K - 12 Committee March 13, 2026.
No Adversarial AI Act
The No Adversarial AI Act would have the Federal Acquisition Security Council list AI produced or developed by a foreign adversary within 60 days of enactment; OMB would publish the list within 180 days and the Council would update it at least every 180 days. Within 90 days, executive agencies would have to review and consider excluding and removing AI from listed foreign adversary entities, using their supply-chain authority under 41 U.S.C. 4713. Agency heads could approve exceptions, with notice to OMB and Congress, for research, testing, counterterrorism or counterintelligence, or mission-critical functions. Introduced June 25, 2025.
Child Exploitation Material - Civil and Criminal Actions (Safe Kids Act)
Maryland's HB 924 (2026, the Safe Kids Act, cross-filed with SB 989) would have let a parent or guardian sue an online platform that knowingly and intentionally distributes, or creates or develops, unlawful child exploitation material, and would have amended Criminal Law section 11-208 so a computer-generated image includes one created through the use of artificial intelligence software. It was assigned to House Judiciary with a hearing set for March 4, 2026, and died when the 2026 session ended.
No Adversarial AI Act
The federal S. 2177 (No Adversarial AI Act) would require the Federal Acquisition Security Council to develop, within 60 days after enactment, a list of AI produced or developed by a foreign adversary, to be published by the OMB Director within 180 days and updated at least every 180 days. Within 90 days after enactment, executive agency heads would have to review and consider for exclusion and removal AI from foreign adversary entities on the list, with exceptions. Introduced June 25, 2025 and referred to the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee; no further action.
GUARD Act Growing University AI Research for Defense Act
The federal H.R. 5466 (GUARD Act, Growing University AI Research for Defense Act) would allow the Secretary of Defense to establish at least one National Security and Defense Artificial Intelligence Institute at a senior military college and to seek to award financial assistance to support it, for a five-year period renewable for one more five-year period. Introduced September 18, 2025 and referred to the House Armed Services Committee; no further action.
Relating To Government Efficiency.
Hawaii's HB 487 (2025) would have funded the Legislative Reference Bureau to use an AI tool to analyze the Hawaii Revised Statutes and Hawaii Administrative Rules for obsolete, duplicative or inconsistent provisions, with a report to the Legislature 20 days before the 2027 session. The appropriation amount was blank. It was referred to LMG and FIN on January 21, 2025, carried over to 2026 with no further action, and died.
Relating To Artificial Intelligence.
Hawaii's HB 2500 (2026) would have added a chapter on algorithmic decision systems. Developers would have to give deployers risk disclosures; deployers would have to give notice before use and post-decision information (including the 20 most influential characteristics) when a system affects education, employment, finance, government services, health care, housing, insurance or legal services; generative AI would have to be disclosed to users. Developers and deployers would be jointly and severally liable for violations facilitated by the deployer. House committee ECD deferred it February 6, 2026; it died.
Relating To Technology.
Hawaii's SB 2879 (2024) would have required the Office of Enterprise Technology Services to establish an artificial intelligence government services pilot program providing services such as unemployment, death certificates, building permits and driver's licenses through an AI-based internet portal, with a report 20 days before the 2025 session. The appropriation amount was blank. The Senate committee on LBT deferred it February 5, 2024; it died.
Relating To Permitting.
Hawaii's HB 1968 HD 1 (2026) would have directed the Department of Business, Economic Development, and Tourism, with a county it selects, to build a pilot permitting-intake platform that uses AI to support intake, routing and review of single-family-home permit applications, with a blank general-fund appropriation. It passed second reading in the House February 11, 2026 and was referred to WAL, but was not enacted.
Relating To Artificial Intelligence.
Hawaii's House Bill 1384 (2025), as amended in HD 1, would have created a Hawaii Artificial Intelligence Advisory Council within the Department of Accounting and General Services to recommend an action plan and advise the Legislature on AI. It would have required an interim report by December 31, 2026 and a final report and action plan by December 31, 2027, when the council would be repealed. It passed House second reading February 10, 2025, was carried over to 2026 and was not enacted. The text stated a July 1, 3000 effective date.
Relating To Education.
Hawaii's House Bill 2466 (2026) would have barred students from using electronic telecommunication devices during instructional hours from the 2026-2027 school year, with exceptions, and required the Department of Education to develop a K-12 social media and AI literacy curriculum covering deepfakes, AI-generated content and ways to detect it. The department would have had to report on both within three years. It was referred to committees February 2, 2026 and not enacted. It would have taken effect July 1, 2026.
Requesting The Department Of The Attorney General To Convene A Youth Digital Safety And Platform Accountability Working Group To Examine Technology-facilitated Abuse In The State And Develop Recommendations For Regulatory Safeguards.
Hawaii's Senate Concurrent Resolution 42 (2026) would have asked the Attorney General to convene a Youth Digital Safety and Platform Accountability Working Group on technology-facilitated abuse, including how artificial intelligence affects gender-based violence and youth safety, and to evaluate platform and technology company safety policies. A report would have been due twenty days before the 2027 session. It was only offered and referred to committee on March 19, 2026, and never adopted. It does not change the law.
License establishment for artificial intelligence independent verification organizations
Not law. Minnesota's SF 4636 would have added Minn. Stat. 325M.50 to 325M.54 letting the commissioner of commerce license AI independent verification organizations that assess whether AI models or applications meet standards for preventing personal injury and property damage. An advisory council would be created, and a verified model would get a rebuttable presumption against liability in injury suits. Verification would be voluntary. It never left committee.
Use of automated decision systems in employment settings regulated.
Minnesota's HF 4445 would have required employers to give workers written notice before using an automated decision system (ADS) for employment-related decisions, with consent, human review, post-decision notice, appeal and records rules, enforced by the Commissioner of Labor and Industry and by private suits. It would have banned using ADS for facial, gait or emotion recognition. Introduced March 18, 2026 and never left committee.
Acquisition and use of facial recognition technology by government entities prohibited.
Minnesota's HF 3661 would have barred state and local government entities, law enforcement agencies and officials from obtaining, retaining, accessing or using face surveillance systems or their information, or contracting with private entities to do so. Evidence from violations would have been inadmissible, and people could sue for damages of at least $1,000 or $100 per violation, whichever is greater, plus injunctions. Introduced February 23, 2026 and referred to Judiciary Finance and Civil Law and it never left committee.
Autonomous vehicles regulated.
Not law. Minnesota's HF 3513 would have authorized level 4 and 5 autonomous vehicles to operate on public roads, with driverless operation requiring commissioner authorization and a first responder interaction plan, and at least $1,000,000 combined single limit liability coverage. It would also have let on-demand autonomous vehicle networks operate under state rules, treated the driving system as the driver, and preempted local regulation. Introduced February 19, 2026; it never left committee.
AI for America Act
The AI for America Act (H.R. 6304) would require the Office of Science and Technology Policy to submit an AI action plan to Congress by July 31, 2027, identify regulatory barriers to AI adoption in healthcare, scientific research and transportation, and have NIST report on detecting security risks and ideological bias in AI. Referred to the House Science, Space, and Technology and Energy and Commerce Committees on November 25, 2025; it has not passed either house.
Acquisition and use prohibition of facial recognition technology by government entities
Minnesota's SF 129 (93rd Legislature) would have barred state and local government entities, law enforcement agencies and officials from obtaining, retaining, accessing or using face surveillance systems or their information, or contracting with private entities to do so. People could have sued for damages of at least $1,000 or $100 per violation, whichever is greater, plus injunctions. Introduced January 11, 2023 and never left committee.
Eyewitness Identification
Not law: died in committee. Florida's HB 875, the House counterpart of SB 1202, would have amended s. 92.70, F.S., to set eyewitness identification procedures: a recorded description, independent lineup administrators, lineups with the suspect and at least five fillers, limits on show-ups and first-time in-court identifications, and audio and video recording. If facial recognition technology identified a suspect, a lineup could not be held without a basis independent of the technology. It died in the Criminal Justice Subcommittee on March 13, 2026.
Autonomous Vehicle Safety
Not law: died in committee. Florida's HB 1469 would have amended s. 319.145, F.S., the autonomous vehicle requirements. Per its title, it would have required autonomous vehicles registered in Florida to comply with federal motor vehicle standards, regulations and laws, and barred autonomous vehicles from interstate commerce or carrying passengers or goods for hire unless a licensed human operator is physically present to monitor the vehicle and take control if needed. It died in the Government Operations Subcommittee on March 13, 2026.
Artificial Intelligence
Not law: died in committee. Florida's SB 972 (2024) would have created a nine-member Artificial Intelligence Advisory Council in the Department of Management Services, required each state agency to inventory its automated decision systems by July 1, 2025, and barred counties, municipalities and political subdivisions from regulating private or public use of AI. It died March 8, 2024. None of it became law through companion CS/CS/SB 1680 (Ch. 2024-118), which instead created a different advisory body, the Government Technology Modernization Council.
Public Records/Artificial Intelligence Transparency Violations
Not law: died in the Senate Judiciary Committee. Florida's SB 1682 (2024) would have made confidential and exempt from public records the information the Department of Legal Affairs receives from notices of violations of a proposed AI transparency section (s. 501.174) or from its investigations, until the investigation is completed or ceases to be active. Its linked bill CS/CS/SB 1680 became Chapter 2024-118, but as enacted it did not create s. 501.174 or this exemption, so none of SB 1682 became law.
Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education
Not law: died in committee. Florida's SB 1458 would have created the Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education Study Group to examine how AI affects academic integrity (including contract cheating), teaching, advising, grading, research, privacy, intellectual property and data security in the State University System and Florida College System. It would have had to report findings, recommendations and model policies to the Governor, Senate President and House Speaker by December 1, 2026, and the section would have expired December 31, 2026. It died in Education Postsecondary on March 13, 2026.
Autonomous Vehicles
Not law: died in committee. Florida's CS/HB 725 (2017) would have let a person with a valid driver license engage a vehicle's autonomous technology and treated that person as the operator for traffic laws, deemed the technology validly licensed in autonomous mode, and required registered autonomous vehicles to alert people to a technology failure and, if no human takes control, be capable of bringing the vehicle to a complete stop. It was indefinitely postponed and died in the Government Accountability Committee on May 5, 2017.
Information Technology Act Amendments
Utah's SB 131 requires paid election communications that contain AI-generated synthetic media to carry set disclosures. Audio must say "Contains content generated by AI." at the beginning and end; visuals must show a set AI label throughout the synthetic portions; online versions must also carry embedded tamper-evident content provenance data. A court may impose a civil penalty of up to $1,000 per violation on the creator or sponsor. Judges and the parole board may treat committing or facilitating a crime with the intentional or knowing use and material assistance of AI as an aggravating factor. Signed March 13, 2024; effective May 1, 2024 (the sentencing provision July 1, 2024).
AN ACT relating to technology in education and declaring an emergency.
Kentucky's SB 52 (2024 session) would have created the Artificial Intelligence in Kentucky's Schools project under the Department of Education and an Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education project under the Council on Postsecondary Education. It would have required AI guidelines by July 1, 2024, AI training for certified school employees and school board and council members starting in 2024-2025, district AI policies by August 1, 2024, and annual district and institution reports by June 30. Referred to Senate Education January 3, 2024; died.
An act relating to automated employment decision making and State employees
Vermont's H.714 (2026) would have added 3 V.S.A. 269 requiring each State agency using an automated employment decision-making tool, software using algorithms, computational models or AI to materially automate or replace human decisions on hiring, wages, discipline or promotion, to publish a list of the tools on its website. Tool use could not displace employees, impair collective bargaining agreements or transfer existing duties to a tool. A nine-member study committee would have reported by December 15, 2028. Referred to committee January 16, 2026; died.
Artificial Intelligence Revisions
Utah's SB 332 amends Utah Code § 63I-2-213 to move the repeal date of the Artificial Intelligence Policy Act (Title 13, Chapter 72, home of the Office of Artificial Intelligence Policy and the AI Learning Laboratory) from May 1, 2025 to July 1, 2027. It makes no other change. Its effective-date clause applies on the Governor's approval if two-thirds of each house voted for it; it passed the Senate 24-0 and the House 74-0, so it took effect when signed on March 25, 2025. SB 226 made the same change two days later.
Relating to pornography access for minors
West Virginia's SB 498 (2026 regular session) would have added W. Va. Code 61-8A-6, requiring commercial adult websites (where sexually explicit material is more than 25% of content) to verify age with biometric facial recognition, a government-issued ID and an adult's credit card, repeated every 24 hours, without storing biometric data after verification. Penalties would include $1 million per violation and civil damages. It was sent to Senate Judiciary on January 19, 2026 and died when the session ended March 14, 2026.
Protecting state and local government systems and data from foreign entities
West Virginia's SB 70 (2026 regular session) would have created the Data Protection Act (new W. Va. Code art. 5-34). State agency officials, employees and contractors would have had to block, on state-owned or state-leased internet-capable devices, social media platforms owned by entities in a foreign country of concern, and could not use applications, software or AI algorithms owned by entities located in such a country. Senate Government Organization reported it do pass on February 6, 2026 and sent it to Judiciary, where it died when the session ended March 14, 2026.
Providing for 4th Amendment Restoration Act
West Virginia's SB 688 (2025 regular session), called the Responsible Use of Facial Recognition Act in its text, would have limited law enforcement use of six listed technologies, including facial recognition, to uses under a warrant based on probable cause, created a facial recognition working group in the Department of Homeland Security to publish a model policy by January 1, 2026, and required agencies to use only U.S.-made facial recognition technology with algorithms tested by NIST. It was sent to Senate Government Organization on March 4, 2025 and went no further.
Protecting state and local government systems and data from foreign entities
West Virginia's SB 694 (2025 regular session) would have created the Data Protection Act (new W. Va. Code art. 5-32). State agency officials, employees and contractors would have had to block, on state-owned or state-leased internet-capable devices, social media platforms owned by entities in a foreign country of concern, and could not use applications, software or AI algorithms owned by entities located in such a country. It was reported do pass but first to Judiciary on March 11, 2025 and went no further.
Prohibiting the use of deep fake technology to influence an election
West Virginia's HB 4963 (2024 regular session, committee substitute) would have added Article 3F to Chapter 61 barring anyone from disseminating a deep fake, or agreeing to, within 90 days before an election, knowing or reasonably should know it is a deep fake, without the depicted person's consent and with intent to injure a candidate or influence the result. Maximum prison terms would range from 90 days to 5 years. It passed the House on February 27, 2024 and died in Senate Judiciary.
To create an AI Task Force
West Virginia's HB 5490 (2024 regular session) would have created a Generative AI and Natural Language Processing Task Force (new W. Va. Code 5A-6-9) set up by the Governor's Office, to meet at least quarterly and report to the Governor and the Legislature by July 1, 2025. It would recommend consumer-information protections, school policies on student use of generative AI, public-service uses, civil-liberties protections, workforce effects and cybersecurity. It was sent to House Artificial Intelligence on February 6, 2024 and went no further.
An Act to implement the recommendations of the special commission on facial recognition technology
Massachusetts' H 4359 (193rd General Court, 2023-2024) would have made it unlawful for law enforcement to use biometric surveillance technology, including facial recognition, absent express legal authorization. The registrar of motor vehicles could use facial recognition to verify identity for licenses, and State Police could run searches for limited purposes such as a judge-authorized warrant for a felony or an emergency. Reported by Judiciary and sent to House Ways and Means on February 12, 2024, it saw no further action and died with the session.
Relating to artificial intelligence training programs for certain employees and officials of state agencies and local governments.
Texas's HB 3512 adds AI training to the state's annual cybersecurity training requirement. At least once a year, state agency employees who use a computer for at least 25% of their duties, and each elected or appointed agency officer, must complete an AI training program certified by the Department of Information Resources (DIR), as must local government employees and officials who have access to a local government computer system or database and use a computer for at least 25% of their duties. DIR must certify at least five programs each year, equal in length to the cybersecurity courses. Signed June 20, 2025; effective September 1, 2025.
Concerning the operation of autonomous motor vehicles.
Washington's SB 6243 (2026 session) would have added rules for autonomous motor vehicles (Level 3 when engaged, or Level 4 or 5) to chapter 46.92 RCW. Operators would need department authorization with a first responder action plan, driverless operation would need liability insurance of at least $1,000,000 per occurrence (replacing the current $5 million), and local governments could not ban autonomous vehicles or add taxes or requirements. It would have taken effect October 1, 2026. It had a first reading on January 20, 2026, got no hearing and died at adjournment.
Relating to autonomous vehicles.
Not law. Oregon HB 4085 (2026) would have let autonomous vehicles run on Oregon highways with the driving system engaged if they can reach a minimal risk condition or request intervention, follow state vehicle law and meet federal safety standards. It would have required at least $1 million per occurrence third-party liability coverage, state authorization for driverless for-hire service and local preemption. It had a public hearing in the House Transportation committee and was in committee upon adjournment March 6, 2026.
Biometric data and license plate readers-regulation.
Wyoming's HB 0181 (2026) would have barred governmental entities from using biometric data to identify or verify people, geolocation data to locate people or vehicles, and automatic license plate reader (ALPR) systems to identify vehicles, with narrow law enforcement exceptions (mostly warrant-based), a seven-day retention limit for data not tied to an investigation, and a civil action for damages or injunctive relief. Received for introduction February 11, 2026; the House did not consider it for introduction on February 13, 2026, so it died.
Eavesdropping, Peeping, and Voyeurism
South Carolina's H. 5394 (2023-24) would have amended Code 16-17-470 (eavesdropping, peeping and voyeurism) to increase penalties and to cover knowingly creating or altering images, audio, video or digital files with a generative adversarial network or other digital technology to make a realistic but false depiction of another person without consent, for sexual arousal or gratification, and knowingly selling or distributing such material without consent. It would also have required destruction of evidence and notice to additional victims. Referred to House Judiciary April 10, 2024; it did not pass.
Requires DOA provide inventory of all state agencies using artificial intelligence (AI); establishes a 13 member permanent commission to monitor the use of AI in state government and makes recommendations for state government policy and other decisions.
Rhode Island H 7119 (2026), the Artificial Intelligence Accountability Act as introduced on January 15, 2026, would require the department of administration to inventory all systems that employ artificial intelligence and make each inventory public on the state's open data portal. It would create a permanent 13-member artificial intelligence commission within that department. The text says it takes effect upon passage and has no penalties section.
China AI Threat Assessment Act
The federal H.R. 6909 (China AI Threat Assessment Act) would require the Director of National Intelligence, not later than 180 days after enactment, to submit to Congress a National Intelligence Estimate on AI systems developed or deployed by entities in the People's Republic of China, covering embedded algorithmic bias, training data and model architectures, use for influence operations or surveillance, and recommendations for monitoring and countering malign uses. Introduced December 18, 2025 and referred to the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence; no further action.
Relating to the unlawful production or distribution of sexually explicit images or videos using deep fake technology; increasing a criminal penalty.
Texas HB 1092 (2025), as introduced, would have made it an offense to knowingly produce or distribute by electronic means a deep fake image or video that appears to show a real person with intimate parts exposed or in sexual conduct, without that person's effective consent. It would have been a Class A misdemeanor, or a state jail felony if a depicted real child was younger than 14 when the depiction was created. It did not pass both chambers and died when the regular session adjourned June 2, 2025.
Relating to the regulation and reporting on the use of artificial intelligence systems by certain business entities and state agencies; providing civil penalties.
Texas HB 1709 (2025), as introduced, the Texas Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act, would have set duties for developers, distributors and deployers of high-risk AI systems that are a substantial factor in consequential decisions, with attorney general enforcement and civil penalties of $50,000 to $100,000 per uncured violation. It also would have banned certain uses, created a regulatory sandbox and an AI Council. It died when the regular session adjourned June 2, 2025.
Protection Against Foreign Adversarial Artificial Intelligence Act of 2025
This bill would bar federal contractors with an active federal contract from using DeepSeek, or any successor app or service from its developer High Flyer or entities High Flyer owns, to perform or support work on a federal contract. The Commerce Secretary, consulting the Defense Secretary, could waive the ban case by case for national security objectives or research. Commerce would also report to Congress within a year on national security threats from AI platforms tied to countries of concern, including censorship, propaganda, export-control circumvention and foreign access to U.S. users' data. Introduced May 7, 2025.
Relating to the unlawful production or distribution of sexually explicit images or videos using deep fake technology; increasing a criminal penalty.
Texas HB 387 (2025), as introduced, would have amended Penal Code Sec. 21.165 so that knowingly producing or distributing by electronic means a deep fake image or video that appears to show a real person with intimate parts exposed or in sexual conduct, without effective consent, is a state jail felony instead of a Class A misdemeanor. It did not pass both chambers and died when the regular session adjourned June 2, 2025.
To Require Public Entities To Create A Policy Concerning The Authorized Use Of Artificial Intelligence.
Act 848 requires every Arkansas public entity, from state departments to cities, counties, school districts and colleges, to adopt an artificial intelligence and automated decision tool policy. The policy must define the authorized uses of AI and automated decision tools and require an authorized human employee or designee to make every final decision, whatever the AI recommends. Entities must train employees on the policy and create a disciplinary procedure for violations. Because the act has no emergency clause, it took effect August 5, 2025.
Relating to an automated artificial intelligence review of library material purchased by public schools; providing an administrative penalty.
Texas HB 4448 (2025), as introduced, would have required school districts and open-enrollment charter schools to have library material reviewed by a Texas Education Agency-approved third party using an automated AI review to rate it sexually explicit or sexually relevant. Explicit material could not be purchased, and relevant material would need parental consent. The agency could assess penalties up to $10,000 per library material acquired in violation. It did not pass both chambers and died June 2, 2025.
Relating to a study on employer and state agency use of automated employment decision tools in assessing an applicant's suitability for a position.
Texas HB 5118 (2025), as reported by the House committee (committee substitute), would have required the Texas Workforce Commission, with help from the Department of Information Resources, to study the use of AI systems and automated employment decision tools in hiring by employers, including state agencies. A report to the governor, lieutenant governor, House speaker and relevant committee chairs was due by November 15, 2026, and the Act would have expired September 1, 2027. No enrolled version exists, so the bill died when the regular session adjourned June 2, 2025.
Relating to the artificial intelligence division within the Department of Information Resources.
Texas SB 1700 (2025), as introduced, would have had the Department of Information Resources establish an artificial intelligence division to help state agencies use generative AI on projects such as modernizing or replacing legacy systems. Projects could use department-developed AI or a vendor under a contract requiring the vendor's AI to complete at least 90 percent of the work, and the division would write cost analysis reports. No enrolled version exists, so it died June 2, 2025.
Relating to prohibiting the use of certain political advertising manipulated by generative artificial intelligence technology; creating a criminal offense.
Texas SB 228 (2025), as introduced, would have added Election Code Sec. 255.009 making it a Class B misdemeanor to cause political advertising to be published, distributed or broadcast when it includes an image, audio or video of an officeholder's or candidate's appearance, speech or conduct intentionally manipulated using generative AI to create a realistic but false depiction. The bill has no pre-election window, disclosure safe harbor, exemptions or definitions. No enrolled version exists, so it died June 2, 2025.
Relating to the use of an automated employment decision tool by a state agency to assess a job applicant's fitness for a position.
Texas SB 2473 (2025), as introduced, would have added Government Code Subchapter E to Chapter 656 limiting how state agencies use automated employment decision tools to assess job applicants. An agency could not use a tool unless it notified the applicant and gave information on how it would be used and what characteristics may be evaluated, and it would have had to mitigate bias so the tool does not discriminate against protected classes. No penalties are stated. No enrolled version exists, so it died June 2, 2025.
AI Grand Challenges Act of 2026
The AI Grand Challenges Act would have the National Science Foundation set up an AI Grand Challenges Program within 12 months of enactment, awarding cash prizes of at least $1 million per winner for AI research that solves well-defined challenges in areas such as national security, cybersecurity, health, energy, agriculture, education, manufacturing and AI safety and transparency. At least one challenge must target AI-enabled cancer breakthroughs, with at least $10 million to each winner. Winners must be U.S.-based businesses or U.S. citizens or permanent residents. Introduced February 9, 2026.
Artificial Intelligence Scam Prevention Act
The AI Scam Prevention Act would make it unlawful to impersonate a government, business or official in commerce, to replicate anyone's image or voice (including with AI) with intent to defraud, or to substantially assist someone they know or should know is doing either, enforced by the FTC. It would extend telemarketing-fraud and robocall (TCPA) rules to text messages and video calls, treat AI speech that falsely depicts a real person as an 'artificial voice', and require calls and texts that use AI to emulate a human, or an autodialer, to disclose it at the start. It also creates a joint FTC-FCC AI scams advisory group and annual FTC reports on AI scams. Introduced December 16, 2025.
VET Artificial Intelligence Act Validation and Evaluation for Trustworthy (VET) Artificial Intelligence Act
The VET AI Act would direct NIST to develop, within a year and update at least every 2 years, voluntary technical guidelines for internal and independent third-party assurance of AI systems: testing, evaluating, verifying and validating them. The guidelines would address consumer privacy, assessing and reducing harms, dataset quality, documentation and disclosure, and governance, and recommend how often and how deeply developers and deployers should be assessed based on risk. Commerce would convene an advisory committee on assessor qualifications and study the capacity of the AI assurance sector. Introduced July 31, 2025.
Relative to licensing requirements for autonomous vehicle testing and establishing an automated and connected vehicle testing and deployment commission.
Vetoed. HB 314 (2017-2018) would have created a New Hampshire autonomous vehicle testing license, requiring at least $10 million in insurance, bond or self-insurance, a $500 annual fee, federal safety-standard compliance and a law enforcement interaction plan; allowed SAE level 5 fully automated vehicles on the road only for licensed testers with an escort vehicle; and set up an automated and connected vehicle testing and deployment commission. Governor Sununu vetoed it on July 2, 2018. The House voted to override (279-66) but the Senate sustained the veto (5-19) on September 13, 2018.
Relative to the use of information technology and artificial intelligence systems by state agencies.
Did not pass. SB 657 would have expanded New Hampshire's oversight of AI in state government: the information technology council would advise on agencies' development, procurement and use of AI, including compliance with the state's AI code of ethics (RSA 5-D) and privacy safeguards, and the Department of Information Technology would keep a public inventory of executive-branch AI systems and report each October 1 on their use, compliance, incidents and workforce effects. Both chambers passed versions, but the Senate refused the House amendment on May 21, 2026 and no further action followed.
Requires DLPS to establish training program to prepare law enforcement to interact with autonomous vehicles.
New Jersey's A958 would require the Attorney General, consulting the Commissioner of Transportation, to develop or approve a training course on safely interacting with autonomous vehicles in emergency and traffic enforcement situations and make it available to all law enforcement agencies. New officers would have to complete it before permanent appointment.
Ban on employer use of automated decision systems.
Not law. HB 1421 would have barred Indiana employers with 11 or more workers, and state and local government employers, from relying solely on an automated decision system for hiring, firing, pay, scheduling or other job decisions. Using such a system's output would have required bias testing before use and independent testing every year, advance notice to workers and applicants, human review, plain-language documentation within 7 days, and a right to dispute and appeal to a person. Workers could opt out of algorithmic management. It was referred to committee on January 8, 2026 and got no further action before the 2026 session adjourned.
Creates a consumer bill of rights regarding artificial intelligence
Not law. HB 734 would have created a Louisiana AI bill of rights. Companion chatbot platforms would have needed a parent's consent for minors' accounts, with parental controls and self-harm alerts, AI disclosures and hourly break reminders for minors, and safeguards against material harmful to minors. Any bot would have had to show an hourly pop-up saying the user is not talking to a human. It also would have barred AI companies from selling personal data unless deidentified, banned commercial use of AI-generated likenesses without consent, and limited state AI contracts with entities tied to foreign countries of concern. It was withdrawn on March 30, 2026.
Directs DEP to establish artificial intelligence flood prediction and mapping tool.
New Jersey's A6036 would require the Department of Environmental Protection, in consultation with higher education institutions and private technology companies, to develop and implement an AI-based tool to predict and map flood risk in the State, and make it available to municipalities, county planning agencies, emergency management officials and the public. Introduced November 17, 2025. A bill of the Legislature's 2024-2025 session, which ended January 13, 2026.
Use Of Artificial Intelligence Transparency
New Mexico's HB 184 (2024), 'Use of Artificial Intelligence Transparency', would have required each executive agency to submit an annual inventory of its AI systems by October 1, 2024 and each October 1 after, with the General Services Department (changed to the department of information technology by committee amendment) reporting and assessing the systems for accuracy and bias. Procurement contracts for covered AI products would have had to require vendor transparency, with a $500,000 appropriation and a July 1, 2024 effective date. It received Do Pass reports from both House committees but was then postponed indefinitely (undated) and died.
Requires BPU, DCA, and DEP to establish expedited approval and permitting procedures for artificial intelligence data centers powered by small modular nuclear reactors.
New Jersey's S4811 would require the Board of Public Utilities, the Department of Community Affairs and the Department of Environmental Protection to adopt rules within 12 months creating expedited approval and permitting for AI data centers powered by on-site small modular nuclear reactors. Introduced November 6, 2025. A bill of the Legislature's 2024-2025 session, which ended January 13, 2026.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 29; Title 37 and Title 47, relative to artificial intelligence.
Tennessee Public Chapter 1082 directs the Tennessee Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations (TACIR) to study how the state might regulate AI systems and generative AI chatbots. The study must cover federal law, other states' approaches, constitutional limits, costs to government, economic effects on businesses, developers, schools and consumers, and safeguards for minors and mental health, including suicide prevention, with any recommendations for legislation. Introduced as the Curbing Harmful AI Technology (CHAT) Act regulating companion chatbots, it was rewritten into this study. Signed May 22, 2026; effective immediately.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 29; Title 37 and Title 47, relative to artificial intelligence.
HB 1946 is the House companion of SB 1700, which became Tennessee Public Chapter 1082 after the House passed the Senate bill in its place on April 21, 2026. The law directs the Tennessee Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations (TACIR) to study how the state might regulate AI systems and generative AI chatbots: federal law, other states' approaches, constitutional limits, costs, economic effects, and safeguards for minors and mental health, including suicide prevention, with any recommendations for legislation. It began as the Curbing Harmful AI Technology (CHAT) Act. Signed May 22, 2026; effective immediately.
Requires school districts to provide instruction on artificial intelligence; requires Secretary of Higher Education to develop artificial intelligence model curricula.
New Jersey's A4936 would require each school district to include AI instruction in grades K-12 as part of the Student Learning Standards in Computer Science and Design Thinking, and each public institution of higher education to offer AI certificate and degree programs. The Secretary of Higher Education would develop AI model curricula for four-year institutions and county colleges. Introduced October 21, 2024. A bill of the Legislature's 2024-2025 session, which ended January 13, 2026.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 4, Chapter 3, Part 31, relative to the artificial intelligence advisory council.
Not law. SB 1362 would have updated Tennessee's AI Advisory Council law: a new definition of artificial intelligence; a council of 24 to 27 members, including AI-experienced appointees and two or three nonvoting experts; data privacy and security best practices for state agencies in the council's action plan; and a yearly inventory of federal and state AI laws to find overlaps, conflicts and gaps that may hinder AI innovation. Filed in February 2025, it was sent to a Senate Commerce and Labor subcommittee in February 2026 and died when the 114th General Assembly adjourned.
Establishes Deepfake Technology Unit in DLPS; appropriates $2 million.
New Jersey's A2364 would have the Attorney General, consulting the State Chief Technology Officer, create a Deepfake Technology Unit in the Division of Criminal Justice to give technical help and training to law enforcement, prosecutors and State courts, and would appropriate $2,000,000 to the Department of Law and Public Safety. First Reprint, reported by the Assembly Science, Innovation and Technology Committee on March 4, 2024, with amendments. A bill of the Legislature's 2024-2025 session, which ended January 13, 2026.
Establishes Deep Fake Technology Unit in DLPS; appropriates $2 million.
New Jersey's S2545 would have the Attorney General, consulting the Chief Technology Officer of the Office of Information Technology, create a Deep Fake Technology Unit in the Division of Criminal Justice to give technical help and training to law enforcement, prosecutors and State courts, and would appropriate $2 million to the Department of Law and Public Safety. Introduced February 8, 2024. A bill of the Legislature's 2024-2025 session, which ended January 13, 2026.
Provides funding to nonprofit organizations to implement smart technology and artificial intelligence systems to enhance security infrastructure.
New Jersey's A4363 would create the New Jersey Equitable Nonprofit Security and Innovation Grant Program in the Office of Homeland Security and Preparedness (OHSP), with grants to 501(c)(3) nonprofits, including places of worship, for smart technology (up to $25,000 per application) and AI security systems (up to $100,000 per application), as annually appropriated. Introduced May 13, 2024. A bill of the Legislature's 2024-2025 session, which ended January 13, 2026.
Requires DLPS to establish training program to prepare law enforcement to interact with autonomous vehicles.
New Jersey's A3757 would require the Attorney General, consulting the Commissioner of Transportation, to develop or approve a training course for law enforcement officers on safely interacting with autonomous vehicles in emergency and traffic enforcement situations. The Attorney General would have to ensure all officers complete in-service training by December 31, 2020, a date that falls before the bill's introduction, and new officers would complete it before permanent appointment. Introduced February 22, 2024. A bill of the Legislature's 2024-2025 session, which ended January 13, 2026.
Autonomous vehicles; safety; data
Arizona's SB 1417 (2026) would have amended the autonomous vehicle chapter (A.R.S. 28-9701 et seq.) so that a fully autonomous vehicle could run without a human driver only if its operator submitted a law enforcement interaction plan, a written compliance statement, proof of at least $5,000,000 in liability coverage per occurrence, update notices and quarterly safety reports. It was held in Senate committees with no action and died when the 2026 session ended June 13, 2026.
Artificial intelligence use; aggravating circumstance
Arizona's SB 1599 (2024), as engrossed by the Senate, would have amended A.R.S. 13-701 to make committing an offense using artificial intelligence an aggravating circumstance for felony sentencing and to include artificial intelligence in the deadly weapon or dangerous instrument aggravator. It passed the Senate 17-11 on March 12, 2024, but the House sent it to Judiciary and Rules, where it was held with no action, and it died when the 2023-24 (56th Legislature) session ended.
Election communications; prohibition; deep fakes
Arizona's SB 1515 (2024) would have added A.R.S. 16-1023, barring distribution within ninety days before an election of a synthetic media message that the distributor knows or should know is a deceptive and fraudulent deepfake of a candidate or political party on the ballot, unless it carries the disclosure 'This [image/video/audio] has been manipulated or generated by artificial intelligence.' A depicted candidate could seek an injunction. It was held in Senate committees with no action and died with the 2023-24 (56th Legislature) session.
Autonomous Vehicle Amendments
Utah's HB 581 (2026), Autonomous Vehicle Amendments (second substitute), would have directed a large public transit district to request information on a large-scale autonomous vehicle public transit network and report by November 30, 2026, updated autonomous vehicle definitions, and (per its highlighted provisions) directed the Department of Transportation to request information on autonomous vehicles. It passed the House 61-9-5 on March 3, 2026; the Senate struck the enacting clause on March 6 and the House filed it.
Law Enforcement Artificial Intelligence Amendments
Utah's SB 205 (2026), Law Enforcement Artificial Intelligence Amendments (second substitute), would have amended the 2025 law on police use of generative AI to require agency policies to cover available oversight or safeguard settings and to require agencies to post their policy publicly. It passed the Senate on February 26, 2026 (20-0-9); the House struck the enacting clause on March 6 and the Senate filed it.
Requesting the Hawaii Tourism Authority to convene a global artificial intelligence summit in 2020
Not adopted. House Concurrent Resolution 171 (2019) asked the Hawaii Tourism Authority to convene a global artificial intelligence summit in 2020, bringing experts from around the world to discuss AI innovations and develop practical applications, citing Hawaii's central Pacific location. It noted AI's benefits as well as risks such as autonomous weapons, social manipulation and invasion of privacy. It was referred to House committees on March 14, 2019 and never adopted.
Establishing English as the official state language, use of artificial intelligence or other machine-assisted translation tools in lieu of appointing English language interpreters, and use of English for governmental oral and written communication and for nongovernmental purposes. (FE)
Wisconsin's AB 377 (2025-26), as introduced, would have made English the official state language, required state and local government communication to be in English with listed exceptions, and let a state agency or local government give a person access to AI or other machine-assisted translation tools instead of appointing an interpreter. The Assembly passed it 51-45 on January 15, 2026 (with two amendments); the Senate failed to concur pursuant to Senate Joint Resolution 1 on March 23, 2026.
Artificial intelligence; Responsible Deployment of AI Systems Act; AI Council; AI Regulatory Sandbox Program; Artificial Intelligence Workforce Development Program; effective date.
Oklahoma's HB 1916 (2025-26), as introduced, would have created the Responsible Deployment of AI Systems Act, covering public agencies and private entities that deploy AI systems affecting people in Oklahoma. Deployers would classify AI systems by risk (unacceptable, high, limited, minimal), assess them, and subject high-risk systems to oversight, notices and audits. It was referred to the Rules Committee on February 4, 2025 and died when the 2026 session ended May 14, 2026.
Use of Artificial Intelligence to Detect Firearms
Not law. SB 562 would have banned using artificial intelligence, including with cameras, video recording or live-streaming devices, to detect firearms in public areas in Florida, making it a first-degree misdemeanor. School grounds and the places where a concealed-carry license does not authorize carrying were exempt. It was indefinitely postponed and withdrawn on May 3, 2025 and died in the Criminal Justice Committee.
Election crime; create for dissemination of a deep fake within 90 days of an election.
Mississippi's HB 1689 (2024), as passed the House, would make it a crime to disseminate a deep fake that the person knows or has reason to know is a deep fake, within 90 days of an election, without the depicted individual's consent and with intent to injure a candidate, influence the result or deter anyone from voting. Penalties run up to one year and $5,000, or up to five years and $10,000 in aggravated cases. It passed the House on March 12, 2024 and died on the Senate calendar on April 10, 2024.
State institutions of higher learning; create grant program to assist with endowments to recruit and employ certain professors.
Mississippi's HB 384 (2025) would direct the Mississippi Development Authority (MDA) to set up a program of grants to state institutions of higher learning to help them establish endowments for recruiting and employing professors of quantum computing and of artificial intelligence engineering, paid from a new special fund, the State Institutions of Higher Learning Quantum Computing and Artificial Intelligence Engineering Professors Fund. Money would be disbursed on legislative appropriation. It died in committee on February 4, 2025.
State institutions of higher learning; create grant program to assist with endowments to recruit and employ certain professors.
Mississippi's HB 544 (2026) would direct the Mississippi Development Authority (MDA) to set up a program of grants to state institutions of higher learning to help them establish endowments for recruiting and employing professors of quantum computing and of artificial intelligence engineering, paid from a new special fund, the State Institutions of Higher Learning Quantum Computing and Artificial Intelligence Engineering Professors Fund. Money would be disbursed on legislative appropriation. It died in committee on February 3, 2026.
Urging Congress To Begin A Discussion Considering The Benefits And Risks Of Artificial Intelligence Technologies.
Hawaii's Senate Concurrent Resolution 179 (H.D. 1) (2023) urges Congress to begin a discussion of the benefits and risks of AI technologies. It states that AI software wrote all of its whereas clauses in seconds when asked to "write an essay explaining the potential dangers of artificial intelligence," which should alert policymakers to the technology's power and dangers. It urges national leaders to evaluate AI in public sector identification technologies, such as law enforcement and military uses, and says universal safety guidelines, such as Asimov's three rules of robotics, should be considered. Adopted in final form April 28, 2023; a concurrent resolution does not change the law.
Access to public records.
HB1360 allows Indiana public agencies to establish electronic portals for public records requests and mandates reporting of suspect requests to the public access counselor.
COLLEGES/UNIVERSITIES: Provides for the crime of "unlawful deepfake" to be added to the definition of power-based violence under the Campus Accountability and Safety Act. (gov sig)
Louisiana's Act 497 widens the definition of power-based violence under the Campus Accountability and Safety Act to conduct meant to control, coerce, harm, exploit or intimidate someone on the basis of sex, including conduct banned by the state's laws on AI-generated or deepfake sexual imagery (R.S. 14:73.13 and 73.14). From fall 2026, each public college and university must give students information on power-based violence, campus safety and online threats at least four times a year, in person or online, and also to parents of minor students. Signed and effective May 29, 2026.
Adds to existing law to establish provisions regarding unbiased artificial intelligence in state government purchasing.
Did not pass. H 687 would have let Idaho executive-branch agencies, including public colleges, buy or use a large language model only if it is 'truth-seeking' and 'ideologically neutral.' Agencies could not use models designed to alter facts or history to advance diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) outcomes, restrict lawful content based on race or sex, embed DEI-based guardrails, or require users to affirm DEI concepts. Contracts would have given agencies access to system prompts, training directives and test results to check compliance. It passed the House 56-11 but died in the Senate State Affairs Committee.
AI Accountability Act Artificial Intelligence Accountability Act
H.R. 1694, the Artificial Intelligence Accountability Act, would direct the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information (NTIA) to study accountability measures for AI systems and hold public meetings with stakeholders, reporting to Congress within 18 months of enactment. Introduced February 27, 2025 and referred to the House Energy and Commerce Committee; it has not passed either house.
Data Privacy Amendments
Utah's HB 450 reorganizes oversight of how state and local government entities handle personal data under the Government Data Privacy Act. It restructures the Utah Privacy Commission to include state agency, city, county and public education members, moves its support to the Utah Office of Data Privacy, makes a data privacy ombudsperson part of that office, sets a complaint process (complaints go first to the entity, then to mediation), and moves the state privacy auditor's duties to the state auditor. The act already treats facial recognition, automated decision-making and profiling as high-risk processing. It governs government, not businesses. Effective May 6, 2026.
Artificial intelligence disclosure statements.
North Dakota requires a disclaimer on political content made with AI to impersonate a person. Any communication or advertising for a political purpose (supporting or opposing a candidate, political committee or party, or an initiated or referred measure or petition) that contains images, graphics, video, audio, text or other digital content created in whole or in part with AI to visually or audibly impersonate a human must prominently state: 'THIS CONTENT GENERATED BY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.' AI used only for text generation, grammar, spelling or editing that creates no new impersonation is exempt. Signed April 10, 2025; effective August 1, 2025.
Small AI Innovators Empowerment Act
The federal H.R. 7968 (Small AI Innovators Empowerment Act) would direct the Secretary of Commerce, through the NIST Director and with the SBA Administrator, to seek an agreement with a qualified entity to study challenges facing U.S. small AI businesses, subject to the availability of appropriations. Introduced March 17, 2026 and referred to the House Science, Space, and Technology Committee; no further action.
Autonomous vehicles; work group to conduct an assessment of workforce impacts, etc.
Virginia's HB 1124 directs the autonomous-vehicle work group convened by the Secretary of Transportation (with the Secretary of Public Safety and Homeland Security) under Chapter 498 of 2025 to assess the workforce impacts of autonomous vehicles, including an overview of job losses and gains. The group must include stakeholders from the auto manufacturing industry and labor representatives from the passenger and product carrier business, and complete its assessment of labor impacts by November 1, 2026. Approved April 13, 2026 (Chapter 738); effective July 1, 2026.
Artificial intelligence; framework for person/entity acting as an independent verification org.
Virginia's SB 384 directs the Joint Commission on Technology and Science (JCOTS) to study whether to create a framework for independent verification organizations that would assess whether AI models or applications follow best-practice standards for preventing personal injury and property damage. JCOTS weighs the risks of AI deployed in Virginia, measurable risk metrics, existing mitigation standards, other states' approaches and the fiscal impact; if it recommends a framework, it also studies licensing such organizations. Report due November 1, 2026. Identical to HB 797; effective July 1, 2026.
Autonomous truck-mounted attenuators; pilot program authorized.
Virginia's SB 320 adds Code § 33.2-274.2, letting VDOT run a pilot of autonomous truck-mounted attenuators (ATMAs), the crash-cushion trucks that trail road crews, in mobile work zones moving at no more than 25 mph. In the pilot, ATMAs may drive in autonomous mode without a human driver aboard in active work zones on state-maintained highways, in a leader-follower setup watched by a remote operator who can steer or stop them; outside work zones a human must drive. Units must pass a VDOT-approved test plan. Expires December 31, 2031. Identical to HB 582; effective July 1, 2026.
Autonomous truck-mounted attenuators; pilot program authorized.
Virginia's HB 582 adds Code § 33.2-274.2, letting VDOT run a pilot of autonomous truck-mounted attenuators (ATMAs), the crash-cushion trucks that trail road crews, in mobile work zones moving at no more than 25 mph. In the pilot, ATMAs may drive in autonomous mode without a human driver aboard in active work zones on state-maintained highways, in a leader-follower setup watched by a remote operator who can steer or stop them; outside work zones a human must drive. Units must pass a VDOT-approved test plan. Expires December 31, 2031. Identical to SB 320; effective July 1, 2026.
Political campaign advertisements; synthetic media, penalty.
Vetoed. Virginia's SB 775 (2025) would have barred sponsoring an electioneering communication (a paid message naming a candidate, aimed at voters within 60 days of the election) containing synthetic media, meaning deceptively altered or AI-generated images or audio of an identifiable person, unless it conspicuously stated that it contains synthetic media that may present conduct or speech that did not occur. Violations would have carried civil penalties up to $25,000 and, if willful, a Class 1 misdemeanor; voters could have sued to stop the ads. Governor Youngkin vetoed it (the Senate received the veto March 25, 2025), and the Senate sustained the veto April 2, 2025.
AI Cyber Grid Protection Resilient Development Act of 2026
The federal H.R. 7696 (AI Cyber Grid Protection Resilient Development Act of 2026) would require the CISA Director and the Homeland Security Secretary to jointly establish, within 180 days after enactment, a grant program for National Laboratories and higher education institutions to build secure AI cyber-physical testbeds that simulate grid-scale cyberattacks, with $100,000,000 authorized for fiscal years 2026 through 2030. Introduced February 25, 2026 and referred to the House Homeland Security Committee, then its Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Protection Subcommittee; no further action.
Artificial intelligence; define.
Mississippi's HB 1723 adds a definition of "artificial intelligence" to the state's general definitions (Chapter 3, Title 1 of the Mississippi Code): a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations or decisions influencing real or virtual environments, using machine- and human-based inputs to perceive environments, abstract them into models through automated analysis, and use model inference to formulate options for information or action. It creates no duties or penalties. Approved March 9, 2026 (Chapter 311); effective July 1, 2026.
Criminal Offenses - As introduced, prohibits a person or entity from distributing an electoral deepfake within 90 days of an election that the person or entity knows or should have known is a deceptive and fraudulent depiction of a candidate or political party; creates civil penalties and outlines…
Tennessee's HB 2214 (114th General Assembly) would have barred a person, corporation, committee or other entity, within 90 days of an election, from distributing an electoral deepfake that it knows or should have known deceptively or fraudulently depicts a candidate for state or local office or the candidate's party, unless the media carries a required AI disclosure. County election commissions could impose civil fines of up to $1,000, $5,000 or $10,000. Companion: SB 2321. Not passed before the session ended in April 2026; last action: Taken off notice for cal in s/c Elections & Campaign Finance Subcommittee of State & Local Government Committee (March 10, 2026).
Enacts the legislative oversight of automated decision-making in government act (LOADinG Act) to regulate the use of automated decision-making systems and artificial intelligence techniques by state agencies.
New York's S 7543-B, the LOADinG Act (Chapter 674 of 2024), as signed would have barred state agencies from using automated decision-making systems for public benefits or decisions affecting rights or safety without meaningful human review, and required impact assessments. Before those rules took effect, Chapter 96 of 2025 replaced them: each state agency using automated employment decision-making tools must post a list of them by December 30 each year, starting 2025; the Office of Information Technology Services keeps a public AI inventory; and, until July 1, 2028, AI use may not displace state employees. Signed December 21, 2024; effective July 1, 2025.
Mississippi Fully Autonomous Vehicle Enabling (MS FAVE) Act of 2023; establish to regulate operation of autonomous vehicle on public roads.
Mississippi's MS FAVE Act of 2023 lets fully autonomous vehicles run on public roads without a human driver if the system is engaged and the vehicle will reach a minimal risk condition if it fails, can obey traffic laws, and bears any federally required certification label. Operators must first file a law enforcement interaction plan and proof of insurance with the Department of Public Safety. The engaged system counts as the licensed driver; vehicles are registered and titled as autonomous; on-demand AV networks may operate; and state agencies and local governments cannot ban AVs or add AV-specific taxes, fees or rules. Effective July 1, 2023.
State Bar of California: artificial intelligence.
California's AB 1651 (Bus. & Prof. Code § 6060.15) requires the State Bar of California to disclose when it uses AI-generated content in material it develops or explicitly directs. Use in developing or administering the general bar exam, the first-year law students' exam or the attorneys' exam, including questions, performance tests, answer keys and scoring rubrics, must be posted on its website 60 days before the exam; use in study materials it prepares, publishes, endorses or distributes for applicants must be disclosed on the cover page. Human review does not remove the duty. Signed August 22, 2026 (Chapter 116); operative January 1, 2028.
Automated license plate recognition systems.
Vetoed. California's SB 274, the ALPR Data Accountability Act, would have tightened rules for automated license plate recognition (cameras plus computer algorithms that turn plates into searchable data). Public agencies could not have kept data not matching an authorized hot list past 60 days, police could have used it only to locate vehicles or people reasonably suspected of involvement in a public offense, every query would have needed a logged case file number (or AG task force name), and vendor contracts could not give default access to national ALPR databases. Vetoed by Governor Newsom October 1, 2025; veto sustained March 2, 2026.
Employment: automated decision systems.
Vetoed. California's SB 7 would have regulated employers' use of automated decision systems (ADS) such as AI tools in employment decisions. Employers would have had to give workers written notice at least 30 days before deploying an ADS for decisions other than hiring (by April 1, 2026 for systems already in use), tell applicants when one is used in hiring, not rely solely on an ADS to discipline, fire or deactivate workers, use a human reviewer when relying primarily on one, and give a post-use notice, with a $500 civil penalty. Vetoed by Governor Newsom October 13, 2025; veto sustained March 2, 2026. A later bill, SB 947, was signed in 2026 (Chapter 859).
Leading Ethical AI Development (LEAD) for Kids Act.
Vetoed. California's AB 1064, the LEAD for Kids Act, would have barred businesses and government agencies from making a companion chatbot available to a child unless it was not foreseeably capable of encouraging self-harm, suicidal ideation, violence, drug or alcohol use or disordered eating; offering unsupervised therapy; encouraging harm or illegal acts; sexually explicit interactions; favoring validation over accuracy or safety; or optimizing engagement over those guardrails. The Attorney General could seek $25,000 per violation and harmed children or parents could sue. Vetoed by Governor Newsom October 13, 2025; veto consideration stricken January 22, 2026.
Artificial intelligence models: large developers.
California's SB 53, the Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act, covers developers of frontier models (foundation models trained with more than 10^26 operations). Large frontier developers (over $500 million in prior-year revenue with affiliates) must publish and follow a frontier AI framework for catastrophic risks. All frontier developers must publish transparency reports at deployment, report critical safety incidents to the Office of Emergency Services within 15 days, and not retaliate against whistleblowers. Large developers face penalties up to $1 million per violation. Signed September 29, 2025 (Chapter 138); effective January 1, 2026.
Law enforcement agencies: artificial intelligence.
California's SB 524 (Penal Code § 13663) requires every law enforcement agency to have a policy that official reports written fully or partly with AI name each AI program used, state "This report was written either fully or in part using artificial intelligence," and carry the preparer's signature verifying the facts. The AI first draft must be kept as long as the report, agencies must keep an audit trail, and vendors may not share or sell agency data except as allowed. Signed October 10, 2025 (Chapter 587); effective January 1, 2026.
California Cybersecurity Integration Center: artificial intelligence.
California's AB 979 amends Government Code § 8586.5 so the California Cybersecurity Integration Center, led by the Office of Emergency Services, must develop a California AI Cybersecurity Collaboration Playbook by January 1, 2027, informed by federal standards and the federal JCDC AI playbook. It must include mandatory mechanisms for state contractors and vendors providing AI services to share known threats and vulnerabilities, and may add voluntary ones for others. Shared threat information is confidential. Signed October 3, 2025 (Chapter 285); effective January 1, 2026.
Generative Artificial Intelligence Accountability Act.
California's SB 896, the Generative Artificial Intelligence Accountability Act, governs state government's use of generative AI. The Department of Technology updates the state's GenAI report under Executive Order N-12-23 as needed; the Office of Emergency Services, as appropriate, analyzes GenAI threats to critical infrastructure, including mass-casualty events, with an annual summary to the Legislature. Agencies using GenAI to communicate directly with people about government services and benefits must disclose it and say how to reach a human. Signed September 29, 2024 (Chapter 928); effective January 1, 2025.
Public contracts: automated decision systems: procurement standards.
Vetoed. California's SB 892 (2024) would have required the Department of Technology to adopt regulations setting a procurement standard for automated decision systems (ADS), with risk assessments, risk controls, incident monitoring, prohibited uses, equity and human-oversight reviews and data minimization. From January 1, 2027, state agencies could not have bought ADS until those rules existed, and contracts would have needed risk-assessment and notice-and-appeal clauses. Governor Newsom vetoed it September 20, 2024, saying it would disrupt existing work and create unbudgeted General Fund costs.
Political Reform Act of 1974: political advertisements: artificial intelligence.
California's AB 2355 adds Government Code § 84514 to the Political Reform Act. A committee that creates, originally publishes or originally distributes a political ad containing images, audio or video generated or substantially altered using AI must include, clearly and conspicuously, "Ad generated or substantially altered using artificial intelligence." The statement goes where the Act's rules place ad disclosures for radio, video, print and online ads. The Fair Political Practices Commission may seek an injunction or use its administrative and civil remedies; a violation is not a misdemeanor. Signed September 17, 2024 (Chapter 260); effective January 1, 2025.
Department of Technology: high-risk automated decision systems: inventory.
California's AB 302 required the Department of Technology, by September 1, 2024, to inventory every high-risk automated decision system that state agencies use, develop or procure, or have proposed to, and to report it to two legislative committees by January 1, 2025 and annually after that; the reporting duty becomes inoperative January 1, 2029. High-risk systems assist or replace human decisions with legal or similarly significant effects, such as access to housing, education, employment, credit, health care and criminal justice. It applies only to state agencies. Signed October 13, 2023 (Chapter 800); effective January 1, 2024.
Public employment: local public transit agencies: autonomous transit vehicle technology.
Vetoed. California's AB 2441 (2022) would have required local public transit employers to give the affected workforce's exclusive employee representative written notice at least 12 months before starting any procurement process or plan to acquire or deploy autonomous transit vehicle technology that eliminates job functions or jobs. On request, they would have had to provide an analysis of the effects on workers, skill gaps and training budgets, then bargain over the technology, a transition plan and retraining. Governor Newsom vetoed it September 29, 2022. A 10-month-notice version, AB 96, was enacted in 2023 (Chapter 419).
Elections: deceptive media in advertisements.
California's AB 502 rewrites Elections Code § 20012 on deceptive election deepfakes. No one may, with malice, knowingly distribute an ad or election communication with materially deceptive content (intentionally digitally created or altered media, such as deepfakes, that falsely appears authentic) of a California candidate or elected official, if material to voters or to election confidence, in the 30 days before an election, or of an elections official or voting equipment from 30 days before to 38 days after. Recognizable satire is exempt. Those depicted, candidates, committees and elections officials may sue. Urgency statute signed September 19, 2026 (Chapter 333); effective immediately.
Facial recognition technology, use of match as the sole basis of probable cause or arrest, prohibited
Alabama's SB 56 (Act 2022-420) bars state and local law enforcement agencies from using facial recognition technology match results as the sole basis to establish probable cause in a criminal investigation or to make an arrest; match results may be used for those purposes only together with other lawfully obtained information and evidence. Facial recognition technology is software that, to try to identify an unknown person, generates facial biometric data (a facial template), searches a database of many people's templates linked to identifying information, and returns matches by similarity. Signed April 14, 2022; effective July 1, 2022.
Information Practices Act of 1977.
California's AB 1337 (Ward) is mainly a government privacy bill. As amended in the Senate June 1, 2026, it would recast the Information Practices Act of 1977, beginning January 1, 2028, to cover local agencies as well as state agencies and to expand the definition of personal information. The AI-related part is narrow: personal information could exist in formats that include artificial intelligence systems capable of outputting it. Passed the Assembly 64-0 June 2, 2025; final Senate hearing canceled June 25, 2026; dead.
Artificial intelligence: transparency and governance.
California's SB 1159 makes clear that AI systems, autonomous agents, robots and other nonhuman entities are not 'persons' or 'members of the public' who can engage with government under the Public Records Act, the open-meeting laws, the Legislative Open Records Act, the Administrative Procedure Act, the Coastal Act and CEQA. People may still use AI or assistive technology for their own participation at an ordinary volume. Agencies may use AI detection tools, and knowingly using AI to falsely represent that a natural person engaged with an agency is banned. Signed September 30, 2026 (Chapter 863); effective January 1, 2027.
SCH CD-ASL IMPLEMENTATION
Illinois' Public Act 104-0399 (SB 1920) amends the School Code. New Section 2-3.118a requires the State Board of Education, with stakeholders, to develop and publish statewide guidance on AI in K-12 education by July 1, 2026, covering AI concepts, uses that preserve human relationships, bias, privacy, transparency, student-data privacy laws, AI literacy and special populations; the State Superintendent may convene an AI council. It also adds AI-created false depictions, including sexually explicit images and videos, to the recommended internet-safety topic on cyber-bullying. Its sign-language and educator-test parts do not involve AI. Approved August 15, 2025; effective January 1, 2026.
SCH CD-CYBER-BULLYING
Illinois' Public Act 104-0338 (HB 3851) amends the School Code's bullying prevention section (Section 27-23.7). Beginning with the 2026-2027 school year, "cyber-bullying" also includes posting or distributing an unauthorized digital replica, meaning a digital replica of an individual used without the depicted individual's consent, by electronic means if it causes any of the harms in the bullying definition. "Digital replica" has its meaning in the Digital Voice and Likeness Protection Act, which covers replicas made with AI or other technology. The act also lists posting or distributing sexually explicit images as a form of bullying. Approved August 15, 2025; effective July 1, 2026.
AI Grand Challenges Act of 2026
The federal S. 3809 (AI Grand Challenges Act of 2026) would require the NSF Director, within 12 months after enactment, to establish an AI Grand Challenges Program of prize competitions in 16 areas such as cybersecurity, health and energy, with at least $1,000,000 in cash for each winner and at least $10,000,000 for a cancer challenge. Introduced February 9, 2026 and referred to the Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee; no further action.
SOS-FACIAL RECOGNITION INFO
Illinois' Public Act 102-0354 (SB 225) bars the Secretary of State from providing facial recognition search services, or photographs obtained in issuing driver's licenses, permits or state identification cards, to any federal, State or local law enforcement agency or other governmental entity for the purpose of enforcing federal immigration laws. The ban does not apply to requests for facial recognition searches or photographs whose purpose relates to criminal activity other than immigration violations. It amends the Illinois Identification Card Act and the Illinois Vehicle Code. Approved and effective August 13, 2021.
Regulates automated decision-making by government agencies; requires agencies to conduct impact assessments; requires disclosure of automated decision-making tools utilized by governmental agencies.
New York's S 7599-C (Chapter 711 of 2025) added State Technology Law Article 5, under which agencies would have listed automated decision-making tools and done bias-tested impact assessments from December 19, 2026. Chapter 86 of 2026 repealed Article 5, which had not yet taken effect, and the § 103-f state tool inventory. Now in force: public employers' use of AI systems may not displace employees or impair collective bargaining, and (added by Chapter 86) local governments, school districts, BOCES, SUNY, CUNY and community colleges must, where feasible, list automated employment decision tools yearly from December 30, 2026. Signed December 19, 2025; expires July 1, 2028.
Provides for the use of automated employment decision-making tools and artificial intelligence systems by a county, city, town, village, school district, board of cooperative educational services, county vocational education and extension board, district corporation, the state university of New…
New York's S 8831 (Chapter 86 of 2026) is the chapter amendment to Chapter 711 of 2025. It repealed Chapter 711's State Technology Law Article 5 (impact assessments, bias testing and public lists of government automated decision-making tools, set to start December 19, 2026), its state tool inventory and its report to the Legislature. Instead, local governments, school districts, BOCES, SUNY, CUNY and community colleges must, to the extent feasible, post yearly lists of automated employment decision tools, first by December 30, 2026, and public employers may not use AI systems to displace employees. Signed February 13, 2026, with effect from December 19, 2025; the rules expire July 1, 2028.
Prohibits a person or entity from knowingly or with reckless disregard facilitate an agreement between or among two or more residential rental property owners or managers to not compete with respect to residential rental dwelling units, including by operating or licensing a software, data analytics…
New York's S 7882 adds General Business Law § 340-b to the article holding the state's antitrust law (§ 340). It is unlawful to knowingly or with reckless disregard facilitate an agreement among two or more residential landlords or managers not to compete, including by operating or licensing software that pools rent, supply or lease data from unaffiliated owners and recommends rents or lease terms. A landlord that sets rents or lease terms on such recommendations, knowingly or with reckless disregard, makes an unlawful agreement. Tools for rent-regulation or government affordable-housing limits are excluded. Signed October 16, 2025 (Chapter 437); effective December 15, 2025.
Creates a temporary state commission to study and investigate how to regulate artificial intelligence, robotics and automation; repeals such commission.
Vetoed. New York's A 4969 would have created a temporary New York State Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation Commission of 13 unpaid members to study state law on AI, robotics and automation, other states' regulatory approaches, criminal and civil liability, effects on employment and on confidential information, limits on use in weaponry, the impact of regulation on the technology industry, and public sector uses. Its final report would have been due no later than 30 days before the act's December 31, 2024 expiration date. The text matched Chapter 110 of 2019 except for that date. Passed both houses in 2023; vetoed by the Governor November 17, 2023 (Veto Memo 51).
Creates a temporary state commission to study and investigate how to regulate artificial intelligence, robotics and automation; and repeals such commission.
New York's Chapter 110 of 2019 (S 3971-B) created the New York State Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation Commission, a temporary state commission to study how to regulate AI, robotics and automation, including current state law, other states' approaches, civil and criminal liability, employment, confidential information, weaponry, the technology industry and public sector uses. It provided for 13 unpaid members appointed by the Governor, legislative leaders and the SUNY and CUNY chancellors, with a final report due no later than 30 days before the act expired. The act expired and was deemed repealed December 31, 2020. Signed July 24, 2019 (Chapter 110); effective immediately.
Prohibits the use of biometric surveillance technology by law enforcement; establishes the biometric surveillance regulation task force; and provides for the expiration and repeal of certain provisions
New York's A 1045 would bar police agencies, police officers, peace officers and state police members from acquiring, possessing, accessing or using any biometric surveillance system, or information derived from one, in their duties, and let a person sue for equitable or declaratory relief. Mobile fingerprint scanning, DNA index and fingerprint database comparisons are excepted. It would create a 12-member task force reporting between 2029 and 2030. Introduced January 8, 2025 and referred to the Governmental Operations Committee; it has not passed either house.
Promoting the economic development of innovative uses of artificial intelligence.
Washington's HB 1942 (2025-26 biennium), an earlier Spark Act bill, would have directed the Department of Commerce, subject to appropriation, to promote economic development of innovative uses of AI. The department would solicit AI task force input at least quarterly through June 30, 2027, pursue federal funds and private donations for small businesses, and report beginning October 31, 2026. It also called for a Washington State Institute for Public Policy study. It had a first reading in February 2025, was retained in January 2026 and died at adjournment.
Calling on the United States to champion a regional artificial intelligence strategy in the Americas to foster inclusive artificial intelligence systems that combat biases within marginalized groups and promote social justice, economic well-being, and democratic values.
The federal H.Res. 836 is a simple House resolution that would not change the law. It would applaud the White House's Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights, declare inclusive and safe AI a priority of U.S. policy, urge a "safe and responsible Regional AI Strategy in the Americas", and call on the U.S. Government to fund AI education, training and infrastructure in the Western Hemisphere and support common ethical frameworks and standards. Introduced October 28, 2025 and referred to the House Foreign Affairs and Science, Space, and Technology committees; no further action.
An Act Establishing A Task Force To Study The Effects Of Artificial Intelligence On The Trades Industry.
Connecticut's HB 5497 (2026), in the committee substitute text (File No. 433), would establish a task force to study the effects of artificial intelligence on the trades industry, including job displacement and the Technical Education and Career System's AI coursework, with a report due by January 1, 2027. The House passed it as amended by House Amendment Schedule A on May 6, 2026; it was tabled on the Senate calendar and died when the 2026 session ended May 6, 2026.
Mississippi Department of Inforamtion Technology; bring forward code sections related to.
HB1122 brings forward various sections of the Mississippi Code for potential amendment, not limited to those related to the Department of Information Technology.
Prohibits state agencies and state-owned entities from utilizing large language models or any artificial intelligence systems to make decisions that affect individuals' rights, benefits, or services; requires such decisions to be made by human personnel of the respective state agency or state-owned…
New York's A 7278 would add State Technology Law § 106-c, barring state agencies and state-owned entities from using large language models or any AI system to make decisions that affect individuals' rights, benefits or services; those decisions would have to be made by human personnel. Purely advisory use is allowed if a person makes the final decision, and AI may be used for data analysis and research. The attorney general could investigate and enforce. Introduced March 21, 2025 and referred to the Science and Technology Committee (again January 7, 2026); it has not passed either chamber.
Establishes NJ Artificial Intelligence Advisory Council.
New Jersey's A390 would create the New Jersey Artificial Intelligence Advisory Council in, but not of, the Office of Information Technology, with seven voting members, to study the advantages and disadvantages of State agencies procuring, developing and using AI. It would assess the need for a State AI code of ethics and review agencies' automated decision systems, and report to the Governor and Legislature within one year of its first meeting. Referred to the Assembly Science, Innovation and Technology Committee January 13, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Relating To Demographic Data.
Hawaii's House Bill 2499 (2026) would have had the Office of Enterprise Technology Services set statewide standards for how state and county agencies collect and report race and ethnicity data. If that data informs an automated or AI system, the Office would have had to test for bias before deployment, monitor fairness, publish plain-language descriptions and ensure privacy laws apply. ECD deferred it February 6, 2026 and it was not enacted. It would have taken effect July 1, 2026.
Creating the Kansas task force on artificial intelligence and emerging technologies to study such technologies and make recommendations to the legislature.
Not law. Kansas HB 2592 would have created the Kansas task force on artificial intelligence and emerging technologies: six legislators as voting members and five nonvoting members, appointed by August 1, 2026. It would have studied the impacts, risks, workforce effects and regulatory needs of AI, AI use in state and local government, and AI in public education, with written reports due December 31, 2026 and each December 30 after, and would have expired January 1, 2028. It had a House Legislative Modernization hearing February 9, 2026 and died in committee April 10, 2026.
School Safety Firearm Detection Software Pilot Program; established.
Virginia's HB 1818 (2025 Regular Session) would have created a School Safety Firearm Detection Software Pilot Program under the Public School Security Equipment Grant Act of 2013, awarding grants for AI software that analyzes school security-camera video to detect firearms in two Title 1 schools in each congressional district. Left in House Appropriations on February 4, 2025; it failed.
A BILL for an Act to provide an appropriation to the agriculture commissioner, the attorney general, the department of career and technical education, the department of health and human services, and the department of transportation to increase the use of uncrewed aircraft systems, autonomous…
North Dakota's HB 1037 (2025), introduced by the Legislative Management Workforce Committee, would have appropriated $750,000 from the general fund to each of five agencies ($3.75 million in total) for grants to increase the use of uncrewed aircraft systems, autonomous vehicles or other autonomous technology, and would have directed a legislative management study of the economic impact of autonomous technology. The House defeated it 12-80 on February 24, 2025.
Reducing emissions from artificial intelligence
Massachusetts' H 495 would add a new Chapter 93M to the General Laws. Search-engine operators with more than $10 million in revenue could not return AI-generated results unless the user gave affirmative consent. The state would study AI's environmental impacts, and companies that develop or power AI systems would have to report their annual environmental impacts or face penalties up to $20,000 a year. Referred to the Joint Committee on Economic Development and Emerging Technologies February 27, 2025; on March 5, 2026 it accompanied a study order (H 5178) and did not advance as its own bill.
AI Workforce PREPARE Act AI Workforce Projections, Research, and Evaluations to Promote AI Readiness and Employment Act
The federal S. 3339 (AI Workforce PREPARE Act) would have the Labor and Commerce departments gather data and forecasts on AI's effect on jobs, including an AI Workforce Research Hub, forecasts for at least 15 AI-sensitive occupations, AI questions in federal surveys and a voluntary program for AI developers and deployers to share adoption data. If AI was a substantial factor in a mass layoff, the WARN Act notice would have to say so, for notices issued from 1 year after enactment. Authorizations total $53,500,000 over FY2026-2030. Introduced December 3, 2025 and referred to the Senate HELP Committee; no further action.
ICE Out of Our Faces Act
The federal S. 3779 (ICE Out of Our Faces Act) would make it unlawful for any covered immigration officer (officers, employees, agents and contractors of ICE or CBP and officials deputized under INA section 287(g)) to acquire, possess, access or use in the United States any biometric surveillance system, including facial recognition, or information from one run by another entity. Data collected would have to be deleted within 30 days after enactment. Introduced February 4, 2026 and referred to the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee; no further action.
Full AI Stack Export Promotion Act
The federal H.R. 6996 (Full AI Stack Export Promotion Act), as introduced, would direct the Commerce and State Departments to promote exports of the U.S. "full AI stack" (computing hardware, data centers, cloud services, trained algorithms and standards): a Commerce program for industry consortia, a State diplomatic strategy, a security program for foreign purchasers and an AI export success tracker. Introduced January 9, 2026; the House Foreign Affairs Committee ordered it reported with a substitute amendment 37-7 on April 22, 2026 (substitute text not yet published); it has not passed either chamber.
Elections: Voter Reg./legal Fund/comms
Alaska's HB 129 (2023-24) was a broad elections bill; its Senate version, SCS CSHB 129(FIN) am S, would have changed voter registration list maintenance and, per its title, addressed candidate legal funds, absentee and special needs voting, defamation claims based on synthetic media, and synthetic media in electioneering communications. The House passed it 33-6 on February 2, 2024 and the Senate passed its version 14-6 on May 15, 2024. It was never enacted and died when the 33rd Legislature's 2023-24 session ended.
ELEC CD-DECEPTIVE MATERIAL
Illinois's HB 1860 (104th General Assembly) would add Section 29-21 to the Election Code. A person could not distribute, or agree to distribute, materially deceptive media within 90 days before an election if the person knows it falsely represents a depicted individual, intends to harm a candidate or otherwise deceive voters, and intends to change votes by deceiving electors, with that result reasonably likely. Re-referred to the House Rules Committee March 27, 2026.
Relating To Government Efficiency.
Hawaii's HB 824 (2025) would have appropriated an unspecified amount in each of fiscal years 2025-2026 and 2026-2027 for the Legislative Reference Bureau to buy artificial intelligence software and analytic services to find obsolete, duplicative or inconsistent provisions in the Hawaii Revised Statutes and Administrative Rules, and to report to the Legislature. It was referred to the LMG and FIN committees January 23, 2025, carried over to 2026 and not enacted.
"Mississippi Human Capital Supplemental Tax Act"; create.
Mississippi's HB 1810 (2026), the Mississippi Human Capital Supplemental Tax Act, would levy an annual tax on employers with 50 or more employees that implement AI systems resulting in 'AI displacement' of workers: $5,000 per displaced position for the first 10, $7,500 for positions 11-50 and $10,000 for 51 and above, phased in at 50% and 75% in years one and two. Revenue would fund a workforce transition fund. It died in committee on February 25, 2026.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SAFETY
Illinois's HB 3506 (104th General Assembly) would create the Artificial Intelligence Safety and Security Protocol Act. As introduced, developers would publish a safety and security protocol, publish risk assessment reports at least every 90 days, and obtain an annual third-party compliance audit, with civil penalties. House Committee Amendment No. 1 narrows this to 'large developers' and adds whistleblower protections. Re-referred to Rules April 11, 2025.
Political communication; require to contain disclaimer if generated by artificial intelligence algorithms.
Mississippi's HB 1267 (2024) would require political communications generated in whole or in part by synthetic media using artificial intelligence algorithms to carry a clear and prominent disclaimer that they were generated using AI. It would add the same disclaimer duty for published campaign materials (Section 23-15-897) and for newspaper editorials or news stories generated by AI (Section 23-15-877). The bill text adds no penalty of its own for the new disclaimer duties. It died in committee on March 5, 2024.
California State University: faculty employees.
California's SB 928 (Education Code § 89500.3) requires the instructor of record for a California State University course to be a person who meets the trustees' rules for faculty teaching credit or noncredit instruction, and every CSU faculty employee, from professors and lecturers to librarians, counselors and coaches, to be a person meeting the trustees' rules for that position. AI appears in one clause: the section does not prohibit CSU employees from using artificial intelligence tools to assist CSU operations or to serve students. Signed August 27, 2026 (Chapter 149); effective January 1, 2027.
To Prohibit Deceptive And Fraudulent Deepfakes In Election Communications.
Arkansas HB 1041 (2025), as engrossed, would have added Ark. Code § 7-6-106 to bar distributing, within 90 days before an election, synthetic media the person knows or should know is a deceptive and fraudulent deepfake of a candidate or party on the ballot, unless it carries a disclosure such as 'This content has been manipulated or artificially generated.' Depicted candidates could seek injunctions, and the State Board of Election Commissioners could fine violators up to $10,000, $5,000 or $1,000 depending on the case. It died in the House committee at sine die adjournment on May 5, 2025.
Fully autonomous vehicles; extend repealer on requirement that law enforcement interaction plan be submitted to DPS before operating.
Mississippi's HB 1770 (2026) would amend Section 63-35-7 to extend the repealer on the requirement that a person submit a law enforcement interaction plan to the Department of Public Safety before operating a fully autonomous vehicle without a human driver on public roads, moving the repeal date from July 1, 2026 to July 1, 2029. It died in committee on February 3, 2026.
Artificial Intelligence in Education Task Force Act; enact.
Mississippi's SB 2429 (2026), the "Artificial Intelligence in Education Task Force Act," would have created a 12-member task force chaired by the State Superintendent of Education to evaluate AI in K-12 and develop policy recommendations on responsible use by students and educators. It was referred to Technology and Education on January 19, 2026, and died in committee on February 3, 2026.
Artificial Intelligence in Education Task Force Act; enact.
Mississippi's SB 2062 (2024), the "Artificial Intelligence in Education Task Force Act," would have created a 12-member task force chaired by the State Superintendent of Education to evaluate AI in K-12 and develop policy recommendations on its responsible use by students and educators. This is the version passed by the Senate on March 11, 2024. The House Education Committee reported it March 27, but it died on the House calendar on April 10, 2024.
Artificial intelligence; require disclosure when used in political advertisements.
Mississippi's SB 2423 (2024) would have amended Miss. Code 23-15-897 to require a clear and conspicuous disclosure on "qualified political advertisements" that contain an image, audio or video generated in whole or in part with artificial intelligence and are made by or on behalf of a candidate, committee or other person. It would also have required an AI disclaimer on prerecorded phone messages generated in whole or substantially by AI. It was referred to Elections and Technology on February 16, 2024, and died in committee on March 5, 2024.
AI USE IN GOVT CONTRACTS
Illinois's HB 5228 (103rd General Assembly) would have added Section 50-41 to the Illinois Procurement Code. A vendor contracting for government services, grants, or leases or purchases of software or hardware would have to disclose whether AI technology is, has been, or will be used in fulfilling the contract or in the goods or services purchased. It was not passed before the 103rd General Assembly ended (Session Sine Die, January 7, 2025).
ALGORITHMICS PROHIBITED-RENT
Illinois's HB 5871 (103rd General Assembly) would have created the Prohibition of Algorithmics in Rent Act. In setting residential rent, including a change on renewal, a landlord could not use or rely on, or cause another to use, an algorithmic device that uses, incorporates or was trained with nonpublic competitor data. A violation would be an unlawful practice under the Consumer Fraud Act. It was not passed before the 103rd General Assembly ended (Session Sine Die, January 7, 2025).
ELEC CD-AI ADVERT DISCLOSURE
Illinois's SB 2762 (103rd General Assembly) would have added Section 9-9.6 to the Election Code. A person, committee or other entity that creates, originally publishes or originally distributes a qualified political advertisement would have to include a clear and conspicuous statement that it was generated in whole or substantially by AI. It was not passed before the 103rd General Assembly ended (Session Sine Die, January 7, 2025).
Aligning With the Blueprint for an Artificial Intelligence Bill of Rights (Maryland Safe Artificial Intelligence Act)
Maryland's HJ 4 (2024) is a House joint resolution, the Maryland Safe Artificial Intelligence Act, that would have had the General Assembly affirm its commitment to President Biden's vision for safe AI and the principles of the Blueprint for an Artificial Intelligence Bill of Rights, and to examining and implementing those principles in legislation and policies on AI. It does not amend any statute or create legal requirements. After a March 11 hearing notice in House Rules and Executive Nominations it was not adopted, and it died when the session ended.
BIOMETRIC DATA-COMMERCIAL USE
Illinois's HB 2411 (100th General Assembly) would have amended Section 15 of the Biometric Information Privacy Act to bar a private entity from requiring a person or customer to provide a biometric identifier or biometric information as a condition of goods or services, except as needed for employer background checks or employee security protocols. It would not have applied to companies providing medical services, law enforcement agencies or governmental entities. It was not passed before the 100th General Assembly ended (Session Sine Die, January 8, 2019).
BIOMETRIC DATA-COMMERCIAL USE
Illinois's HB 4330 (100th General Assembly) would have amended Section 15 of the Biometric Information Privacy Act to bar a private entity from requiring a person or customer to provide a biometric identifier or biometric information as a condition of goods or services, except as needed for employer background checks or employee security protocols. It would not have applied to companies providing medical services, law enforcement agencies or governmental entities. It was not passed before the 100th General Assembly ended (Session Sine Die, January 8, 2019).
Critical infrastructure: artificial intelligence systems: human oversight.
California's SB 833 (2025-26 Regular Session) would have required a state agency responsible for operating or controlling access to critical infrastructure and deploying a covered AI system to ensure a human monitors the system in real time and reviews and approves any action it proposes before execution, except as provided. The Senate passed it 37-0 on June 3, 2025; it was held under submission in Assembly Appropriations on August 13, 2026 and was not passed before the session ended.
Public higher education: artificial intelligence usage.
California's SCR 82 (2025-26 Regular Session) is a concurrent resolution that would have encouraged the heads of the University of California, California State University and California Community Colleges to form a workgroup of faculty, staff and administrators to review AI use in higher education and report on agreed strategies and best practices. A resolution does not change the law. The Senate adopted it 37-0 on July 10, 2025; it was held in Assembly Appropriations on August 13, 2026 and was not adopted before the session ended.
Artificial intelligence.
California's AB 3050 (2023-24, as introduced) would have required the Department of Technology to set watermark standards, including digital content provenance, for covered AI-generated material (material that impersonates a specific individual or group or is represented as original), and barred AI-generating entities from creating it without a compliant watermark, with a civil penalty of $250 to $500. It would also have made creators of deepfakes using a person's likeness without permission liable for actual damages. Introduced February 16, 2024 and referred to committee; it died when the session ended.
Automated decision systems.
California's AB 1018 (2025-26 Regular Session) would have regulated automated decision systems (ADS) used to make consequential decisions. Developers of a covered ADS would have to give deployers instructions for use; deployers would have to disclose adverse outcomes to the affected person and allow an appeal. The Assembly passed it 50-16 on June 2, 2025; it was on the Senate floor, ordered to third reading August 30, 2026, and was not passed before the session ended.
Workplace surveillance tools.
California's AB 1221 (2025-26 Regular Session) would have regulated workplace surveillance tools and employer use of worker data. Employers would have had to give affected workers 30 days' written notice before introducing a tool, and could not use tools incorporating facial, gait or emotion recognition technology, except as specified. Civil penalty $500 per violation. It was held in Assembly Appropriations May 23, 2025 and died under Art. IV, Sec. 10(c) of the Constitution on January 31, 2026.
State agencies: automated decision systems.
California's SB 1248 (2025-26 Regular Session) would restrict how state agencies use automated decision systems to confer services such as professional licenses and public benefits. An agency could not use a system's output as the sole basis for an adverse service determination affecting a person, except as specified, and would have to verify accuracy and promote nondiscrimination. Held under submission in Senate Appropriations on May 14, 2026; not passed before the session ended.
Department of Technology: Office of Artificial Intelligence: state agency public interface: use of AI.
California's SB 313 (2023-24 Regular Session), the California AI-ware Act, would create an Office of Artificial Intelligence in the Department of Technology to guide state agencies' design, use and deployment of automated systems consistent with privacy and civil liberties law and to minimize bias. A state agency using generative AI to directly communicate with a person would have to give notice and instructions for reaching a human. Held in Senate Appropriations May 18, 2023; not passed.
California Artificial Intelligence Research Hub.
California's SB 893 (2023-24 Regular Session), the California Artificial Intelligence Research Hub Act, would require the Government Operations Agency, the Governor's Office of Business and Economic Development, the California Privacy Protection Agency and the Department of Technology to collaborate to establish a research hub in the Government Operations Agency. The hub would facilitate collaboration among government, academia and the private sector on AI research. Passed the Senate 37-0; held in Assembly Appropriations August 15, 2024; not passed.
State agencies or departments: public communications.
California's AB 2412 (2025-26 Regular Session) would amend Government Code section 11549.66 to require a state agency or department that uses generative AI to directly communicate with the public, whether with a specific member of the public or in a general public announcement, to include a GenAI disclaimer and information on how to contact a human employee. Passed the Assembly 73-0; its final Senate committee hearing was canceled at the author's request June 26, 2026; not passed.
Artificial intelligence program: Attorney General.
California's SB 69 (2025-26 Regular Session) would add Government Code section 12525.6 to require the Attorney General to establish and maintain a program to build internal expertise in artificial intelligence, including its applications, risks, regulatory implications and civil rights impacts. The Attorney General would have to submit a public annual report starting on or before July 1, 2027. Passed the Senate 35-0; held in Assembly Appropriations August 29, 2025; not passed.
Employment: artificial intelligence.
California's SB 366 (2025-26 Regular Session) would add Government Code section 12815.5 to require the Department of General Services to contract with the UCLA Labor Center for a study of how artificial intelligence affects worker well-being, job quality, job types, different populations and state revenues. The department would report to the Legislature on or before June 1, 2027, after which the section would be repealed. Held in Senate Appropriations May 23, 2025; not passed.
Agentic artificial intelligence.
California's SB 1106 (2025-26 Regular Session), titled Agentic artificial intelligence, would define 'agentic artificial intelligence' in Civil Code section 3110 and amend Government Code sections 11546.45.5, 11549.64 and 11549.65. The Office of Emergency Services' AI risk-analysis recommendations and the Department of Technology's inventory of high-risk automated decision systems would have to cover agentic AI. Passed the Senate 39-0; held in Assembly Appropriations August 13, 2026; not passed.
Artificial Intelligence Workforce Impact Act; established, report.
Virginia's HB 310 (2026 Regular Session) would have created the Artificial Intelligence Workforce Impact Act. As introduced, state agencies would report quarterly to the Department of Human Resource Management on workforce impacts of AI systems; a subcommittee substitute would instead have required annual reports beginning January 1, 2028. The bill failed: left in House Appropriations Committee on February 18, 2026.
Political campaign advertisements; synthetic media, penalty.
Virginia's HB 982 (2026 Regular Session) would have barred electioneering communications containing synthetic media from being published or broadcast without a conspicuous statement that the message may present conduct or speech that did not occur, with a civil penalty up to $25,000, a Class 1 misdemeanor for willful violations, and voter injunction suits. Left in committee on February 18, 2026; it failed.
High-risk artificial intelligence; development, deployment, and use by public bodies, report.
Virginia's HB 2046 (2025 Regular Session) would have set requirements for public bodies' development, deployment and use of high-risk artificial intelligence systems, had the Chief Information Officer publish matching policies and procedures, and convened a work group on local governments' ability to comply. As passed by the House, substantive requirements would take effect July 1, 2027. It passed the House 51-47 but failed to pass on February 22, 2025.
Emerging Technologies, Cybersecurity, and Data Privacy, Division of; established.
Virginia's HB 2268 (2025 Regular Session) would have created a Division of Emerging Technologies, Cybersecurity, and Data Privacy in the Department of Law to oversee and enforce laws on cybersecurity, data privacy and the use of AI, with an annual report to the Joint Commission on Technology and Science by November 1. Left in Appropriations on February 4, 2025; it failed.
Consumer Counsel, Division of; expands duties, artificial intelligence fraud and abuse.
Virginia's HB 2411 (2025 Regular Session) would have expanded the duties of the Division of Consumer Counsel in the Department of Law to include programs addressing artificial intelligence fraud and abuse, including a statewide fraud and abuse alert system. A committee amendment struck the AI references. Left in Appropriations on February 4, 2025; it failed.
Law-enforcement agencies; use of certain technologies and interrogation practices.
Virginia's HB 2433 (2025 Regular Session) would have had the Department of Criminal Justice Services set a framework for law-enforcement use of generative AI, machine learning systems, audiovisual surveillance technologies and interrogations, with model policies by January 1, 2026 and agency policies by July 1, 2026. It also covered forensic laboratory accreditation. Left in committee on February 5, 2025; it failed.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 4, Chapter 3, Part 31, relative to the artificial intelligence advisory council.
Tennessee's HB 1209 (114th General Assembly) would have amended the law creating the state's artificial intelligence advisory council: membership would change from 24 to at least 24 but not more than 27, including two or three nonvoting expert members, and at least two of the governor's appointees would need AI research or development experience. It would also redefine "artificial intelligence" and add data privacy and security best practices to the council's action plan. Companion: SB 1362. Not passed before the session ended in April 2026; last action February 12, 2025.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 10; Title 24 and Title 38, relative to historical location data.
Tennessee's HB2608 (114th General Assembly), the "Protecting Everyone from Excessive Police Surveillance (PEEPS) Act," would have barred government officials, including government contractors, from accessing a database (including license plate, facial recognition, biometric or cellular location data) that reveals a person's or vehicle's location more than 24 hours earlier, except with a felony search warrant, consent, exigent circumstances or other listed cases. Companion: SB 2215. Not passed before the session ended in April 2026; last action: Taken off notice for cal in s/c Criminal Justice Subcommittee of Judiciary Committee (March 25, 2026).
Criminal Offenses - As introduced, prohibits a person or entity from distributing an electoral deepfake within 90 days of an election that the person or entity knows or should have known is a deceptive and fraudulent depiction of a candidate or political party; creates civil penalties and outlines…
Tennessee's SB 2321 (114th General Assembly) would have barred a person, corporation, committee or other entity, within 90 days of an election, from distributing an electoral deepfake that it knows or should have known deceptively or fraudulently depicts a candidate for state or local office or the candidate's party, unless the media carries a required AI disclosure. County election commissions could impose civil fines of up to $1,000, $5,000 or $10,000. Companion: HB 2214. Not passed before the session ended in April 2026; last action: Passed on Second Consideration, refer to Senate State and Local Government Committee (February 5, 2026).
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 2; Title 4; Title 8; Title 38; Title 39 and Title 47, Chapter 18, relative to artificial intelligence.
Tennessee's HB 2341 (113th General Assembly) would have required each executive-branch department to develop a plan to prevent malicious and unlawful use of artificial intelligence with respect to the operation of the department and its agencies and divisions, including use against persons or entities it regulates, and to report the plan to each legislator by January 1, 2025. Companion to SB 2461. It failed for lack of a second in subcommittee on March 13, 2024, and never became law.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 2; Title 4; Title 8; Title 38; Title 39 and Title 47, Chapter 18, relative to artificial intelligence.
Tennessee's SB 2461 (113th General Assembly) would have required each executive-branch department to develop a plan to prevent malicious and unlawful use of artificial intelligence with respect to the operation of the department and its agencies and divisions, including use against persons or entities it regulates, and to report the plan to each legislator by January 1, 2025. Companion to HB 2341. Last action March 19, 2024; the bill never passed and died with the session.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 49, relative to school safety.
Tennessee's SB 814 (114th General Assembly), as introduced, would have required the Department of Education to run a three-year pilot grant program for eligible LEAs (school districts) to buy AI weapons detection systems that identify weapons such as knives and firearms and immediately notify law enforcement and school administration. Companion to HB 933. The Senate Education Committee recommended it with amendments 9-0 on February 19, 2025; last action February 24, 2025; it died with the session.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 49, relative to school safety.
Tennessee's HB 933 (114th General Assembly), as introduced, would have required the Department of Education to run a three-year pilot grant program for eligible LEAs (school districts) to buy AI weapons detection systems that identify weapons such as knives and firearms and immediately notify law enforcement and school administration. Companion to SB 814. Last action March 18, 2025; the bill died when the General Assembly adjourned in April 2026.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 2; Title 4; Title 8; Title 10; Title 16; Title 29; Title 36; Title 37; Title 38; Title 39; Title 40; Title 45; Title 47; Title 48; Title 49; Title 53; Title 62; Title 63; Title 65; Title 67; Title 68 and Title 71, relative to artificial intelligence.
Tennessee's HB 2586 (114th General Assembly) would have changed the annual report schedule of the state's artificial intelligence advisory council in Tenn. Code Ann. § 4-3-3105(c) and added a required topic: recommendations on strategies to detect and minimize the risk of fraud committed by persons using AI. Companion to SB 2521. It was held on the House desk as a caption bill pending amendment (February 5, 2026) and died when the session adjourned in April 2026.
Georgia Artificial Intelligence Commission; establishment
Georgia's SB 455 would create the Georgia Artificial Intelligence Commission, assigned to the Georgia Technology Authority for administrative purposes only. It would recommend legislative and executive actions on AI systems, develop guidelines for state agencies' AI use, inventory AI systems used in state agencies and identify high-risk areas. It would have 16 members appointed by the Governor by January 1, 2027. The bill was read and referred on February 4, 2026 and died when the session ended.
Georgia Technology Authority; annual inventory of artificial intelligence usage by state agencies; provide
Georgia's HB 147 passed the House on February 20, 2025 and the Senate committee reported a substitute on March 18, 2026, but the Senate never passed it and it died when the session ended. The substitute would have required the Georgia Technology Authority to inventory AI systems used to inform or materially support agency decisions by December 31, 2026 and annually, adopt AI policies by December 31, 2027, and report to officials; it also would bar governmental software license terms limiting where software can be run.
Various property tax matters.
SB0163 regulates property tax inspections in Indiana, requiring taxpayer permission, details conditions for tax representatives, and mandates a report on automated valuation systems.
Artificial Intelligence; state agencies required to perform quarterly AI-assisted review of rules
Alabama's SB328 (Agentic Artificial Intelligence Regulatory Review Act) would require every state agency that can adopt rules to complete an AI-assisted review of all its rules and guidance documents by April 1, 2027 and to repeat it quarterly, using AI systems the agency acquires or develops. Agency staff would have to review and approve the AI's analyses, and agencies would publish an annual report. Referred to the Senate Committee on Fiscal Responsibility and Economic Development on February 25, 2026; the bill died when the 2026 regular session ended without final passage.
Relative to civil actions regarding the prohibited use of synthetic media.
New Hampshire's HB 1710-FN would have created a civil action over misleading synthetic media (media made or modified with AI algorithms): distributing it of an identifiable person without consent, without a conspicuous notice, and with intent to mislead. It would also have required political communications that include synthetic media to carry an AI-assistance disclosure. The House found it Inexpedient to Legislate February 1, 2024; it is dead.
Surveillance and Investigatory Technology Amendments
Utah's H.B. 606 (Rep. Ryan D. Wilcox), Surveillance and Investigatory Technology Amendments, would have limited a law enforcement agency's use of surveillance or investigatory technology, defined to include facial recognition systems, biometric surveillance information, and location tracking, with "technology" defined to include AI technology. The limits would start July 1, 2027. The enacting clause was struck and the bill filed as not passed on March 6, 2026.
Public School Code of 1949 - omnibus amendments (Act 20 of 2026), including the policy relating to bullying and cyberbullying involving artificial intelligence-generated or modified media
Pennsylvania's Act 20 of 2026 is a Public School Code omnibus; its AI provisions update the school bullying policy law. It defines "artificial intelligence-generated or modified media" (text, code, images, audio or video created or modified with AI), extends the definition of cyberbullying to conduct using such media, and requires school entities to report bullying and cyberbullying, including the number of cyberbullying incidents suspected to involve AI-generated or modified media. The AI provisions took effect immediately on approval (July 12, 2026).
Fiscal Code - omnibus amendments (Act 45 of 2025), including section 1755-E on stenography services and transcripts created by artificial intelligence
Pennsylvania's Act 45 of 2025 is a Fiscal Code omnibus; its AI provision is new section 1755-E. Money appropriated for stenography services for administrative proceedings may not be used to create a stenographic transcript that is solely and exclusively created by artificial intelligence without a human stenographer present, in person or virtually. Administrative proceedings are actions, proceedings or appeals before an executive branch agency, and AI includes generative AI. The section took effect immediately on approval (Nov. 12, 2025).
Vehicle Code (75 Pa. C.S.) - omnibus amendments (Act 130 of 2022), including highly automated vehicles and platooning
Pennsylvania's Act 130 of 2022 rewrites Chapter 85 of the Vehicle Code on highly automated vehicles (vehicles with an automated driving system). Operating one on a highway requires a certificate of compliance issued by PennDOT after a self-certification, which is deemed approved if not rejected within 30 days. The act sets operation, commercial operation, enforcement and penalty rules, updates the Highly Automated Vehicle Advisory Committee, and makes PennDOT the lead agency on platoons of up to three vehicles. Most provisions took effect in 240 days (July 1, 2023).
Enact the Enhanced Cybersecurity for SNAP Act
Ohio's SB 315 (the Enhanced Cybersecurity for SNAP Act and the Ohio Medicaid Program Integrity and Fraud Prevention Act) adds a human-in-the-loop rule for automated Medicaid decisions. When the Department of Medicaid uses automated review tools, including AI, automated fraud detection or algorithmic analysis, in the program-integrity and eligibility work listed in new R.C. 5162.90 and 5164.11, no action may be taken automatically from the tool's determination; the responsible employee must review and confirm the finding. It took effect Oct. 6, 2026.
An Act relative to justice, equity and accountability in law enforcement in the Commonwealth
Massachusetts' 2020 police reform law (Chapter 253 of the Acts of 2020) regulates police use of facial recognition. Under new G.L. c.6 s.220, a law enforcement agency may perform or request a facial recognition search only through a written request to the Registry of Motor Vehicles, State Police or FBI, and only with a court order, except to identify a deceased person or in an emergency. Each search must be documented and reported quarterly to the Executive Office of Public Safety and Security. Section 220 took effect July 1, 2021; a special commission was set up to study government use of facial recognition.
Ban on government social scoring with AI.
Wyoming's HB 91 (as introduced) would create W.S. 9-30-101 through 9-30-103 barring a governmental entity from using an AI system to evaluate or classify people on social behavior or personal characteristics to assign a social score that could lead to unrelated-context or disproportionate treatment or infringe rights, and from using AI to identify a person by biometric data or bulk image gathering in ways that infringe rights. A committee amendment would add law-enforcement exceptions. It would take effect July 1, 2026. The House Judiciary Committee recommended it amend and do pass 7-1, but the House did not consider it in Committee of the Whole; it died.
AN ACT RELATING TO ELECTIONS; AMENDING AND ENACTING SECTIONS OF THE CAMPAIGN REPORTING ACT BY ADDING DISCLAIMER REQUIREMENTS FOR ADVERTISEMENTS CONTAINING MATERIALLY DECEPTIVE MEDIA; CREATING THE CRIME OF DISTRIBUTING OR ENTERING INTO AN AGREEMENT WITH ANOTHER PERSON TO DISTRIBUTE MATERIALLY DECEPTIVE MEDIA; ADDING DEFINITIONS; PROVIDING PENALTIES.
New Mexico's HB 182 (Laws 2024, Chapter 57) amends the Campaign Reporting Act to address AI deepfakes. Campaign ads containing materially deceptive media (an image, video or audio produced in whole or in part with AI that shows someone saying or doing something they did not, published without consent) must carry the disclaimer "This ____ has been manipulated or generated by artificial intelligence." Knowingly distributing such media without the disclaimer within 90 days before an election to mislead voters is a crime: a misdemeanor, then a fourth degree felony. The act states no effective date.
AN ACT RELATING TO MOTOR VEHICLES; ADDING DEFINITIONS TO THE MOTOR VEHICLE CODE; PROVIDING FOR AUTONOMOUS MOTOR VEHICLES; REQUIRING PERMITS; ALLOWING PLATOONING OF MOTOR VEHICLES.
New Mexico's HB 270 (Laws 2021, Chapter 114) sets rules for autonomous motor vehicles. It adds Motor Vehicle Code definitions for automated driving systems (SAE levels 3 to 5), autonomous and autonomous commercial motor vehicles and their operators, and allows platooning. Anyone testing an autonomous vehicle on a public highway must notify the Department of Transportation at least five calendar days in advance. Autonomous vehicles must meet federal safety standards and be able to obey state traffic laws, and local governments may not ban them solely for being automated. It took effect July 1, 2022.
Ai Legislative Task Force
Alaska's HCR 3 (2025-26) is a concurrent resolution and does not change the law. As the House Community and Regional Affairs committee substitute, it would have created a seven-member Joint Legislative Task Force on Artificial Intelligence (three senators, four representatives) to study AI in state government, the economy, ethics and privacy, and the workforce, and report by January 31, 2026. The committee reported it April 11, 2025; it went to Finance and died May 20, 2026.
Disclosures regarding content generated by artificial intelligence in political advertisements, granting rule-making authority, and providing a penalty.
2023 Wisconsin Act 123 requires AI disclosures in political communications. Audio or video containing express advocacy, issue advocacy or support for or opposition to a referendum that contains synthetic media (audio or video substantially produced by generative AI) must say so: audio states "Contains content generated by AI" at the beginning and end, and video displays a disclosure such as "This video content generated by AI." Violations carry a forfeiture of up to $1,000 each. It took effect the day after publication (published March 22, 2024).
Make state operating appropriations for FY 2026-27
Ohio's FY 2026-27 operating budget (HB 96) enacted R.C. 3301.24, an artificial intelligence policy requirement for K-12 schools. The Department of Education and Workforce had to develop a model policy on the use of AI in schools by Dec. 31, 2025, covering appropriate use by students and staff. Every school district, community school and STEM school must adopt its own AI use policy by July 1, 2026, and may adopt the department's model. R.C. 3301.24 took effect Sept. 30, 2025.
2026 Appropriations Act.
North Carolina's 2026 Appropriations Act (S.L. 2026-41) includes Section 7.39, Safe and Responsible AI in Schools. The State Board must adopt K-12 AI literacy standards (responsible use, limits of AI, verifying outputs, privacy, safety with chatbots). DPI must write a model AI policy by Dec. 31, 2026, and local boards, charter, lab and other public schools must adopt AI use policies by June 30, 2027. DPI must keep an evaluation framework and public lists of AI tools, and all teachers must complete AI training by June 30, 2028. The act took effect July 1, 2026.
Urging Congress To Begin A Discussion Considering The Benefits And Risks Of Artificial Intelligence Technologies.
Hawaii's Senate Resolution 123 (2023) urges Congress to begin a discussion of the benefits and risks of AI technologies. It states that AI software wrote all of its whereas clauses in seconds when asked to "write an essay explaining the potential dangers of artificial intelligence," which should alert policymakers to the technology's power and dangers. It urges national leaders to evaluate AI in public sector identification technologies, such as law enforcement and military uses, and says universal safety guidelines, such as Asimov's three rules of robotics, should be considered. Adopted by the Senate April 5, 2023; a resolution of one chamber does not change the law.
Requires BPU, DCA, and DEP to establish expedited approval and permitting procedures for artificial intelligence data centers powered by small modular nuclear reactors.
New Jersey's S3639 would require the Board of Public Utilities, the Department of Community Affairs and the Department of Environmental Protection to adopt rules within 12 months of the effective date creating expedited approval and permitting procedures for AI data centers powered by on-site small modular nuclear reactors. Introduced February 24, 2026.
Requesting The State To Convene An Artificial Intelligence Advisory Committee To Investigate How To Implement, Develop, And Regulate Artificial Intelligence In The State.
Hawaii's Senate Resolution 142 (2019) requests the State to convene an artificial intelligence advisory committee to investigate how to implement, develop and regulate AI in Hawaii. It lists state officials, a U.S. Department of Defense Joint Artificial Intelligence Center representative and six AI researchers as members, and asks the committee to weigh AI uses elsewhere, advantages for Hawaii, dangers of AI in state operations, ways to encourage AI research and any appropriate regulation, reporting at least 20 days before the 2020 session. Adopted by the Senate April 3, 2019; a resolution of one chamber does not change the law.
Autonomous Vehicle Testing Permit Requirement Congressional Review Emergency Amendment Act of 2025
Expired. This District of Columbia emergency act, in force from March 21 to June 19, 2025, amended the Autonomous Vehicle Act of 2012 to bar testing or operating an autonomous vehicle on District roads without an AV testing permit. Until DDOT made permit applications available, testing or operation was allowed only with a test operator in the vehicle ready to drive, compliance with other laws, and 10 business days' electronic notice to DDOT listing the vehicles, operator training and licenses, locations and dates. As a congressional review emergency act it lasted at most 90 days.
Memorializes the United States Congress to take action relative to the use of artificial intelligence in health care
Louisiana's HR 313 is a House resolution, adopted 94-0 on June 10, 2025, that memorializes the United States Congress to act immediately to keep physicians in full control of medical decisions with AI as a support tool rather than a replacement, set nationwide standards for AI in health care (patient safety, data privacy, the doctor-patient relationship), monitor AI's effects on care and outcomes, promote transparency in AI algorithms, and develop ethical guidelines. Copies go to Congress's presiding officers and Louisiana's congressional delegation. As a resolution of one chamber, it does not change the law.
Creates a subcommittee of the House of Representatives to study artificial intelligence, blockchain, and cryptocurrency
Louisiana's HR 317 is a House resolution, adopted as amended 90-0 on June 10, 2025. Despite its short title, the adopted text does not create a subcommittee: it urges and requests the House Committee on Commerce to study the impact of artificial intelligence, blockchain and cryptocurrency on the state, hold its first meeting by September 1, 2025, hold public hearings that specifically seek advice from AI, blockchain and cryptocurrency professionals, and submit a written report of findings and recommendations by February 1, 2026. As a resolution of one chamber, it does not change the law.
Appropriation; artificial intelligence; border security
Arizona's SB 1707 (2026) would have appropriated $5,000,000 from the state general fund in fiscal year 2026-2027 to the Department of Public Safety for artificial intelligence relating to border security. The department could distribute the money to local law enforcement agencies to enforce border security using AI. The Senate Appropriations, Transportation and Technology committee passed it 6-4 on February 17, 2026, but it was held awaiting the Committee of the Whole and died when the session ended June 13, 2026.
Requests the state Department of Education, the State Board of Elementary and Secondary Education, the Board of Regents, and postsecondary education management boards to promote artificial intelligence education for students and to encourage professional development relative to artificial…
Louisiana's HR 320 is a House resolution, adopted 88-0 on June 10, 2025, that urges and requests the state Department of Education, the State Board of Elementary and Secondary Education, the Board of Regents and the postsecondary education management boards to promote AI education for students and to encourage professional development on AI for faculty and staff. It encourages schools and districts to evaluate and adopt flexible AI learning solutions such as pre-packaged curriculum modules and online certifications. As a resolution of one chamber, it does not change the law.
Creating a Select Committee on Artificial Intelligence
West Virginia House Resolution 3 (2024) creates, for the remainder of the 86th Legislature, a House Select Committee on Artificial Intelligence of not more than eleven delegates appointed by the Speaker. The committee receives testimony, considers legislation and recommends action to the Speaker on all issues relating to AI in West Virginia, under the House rules for standing committees. The House adopted it by voice vote on January 10, 2024. It is a resolution of one chamber that does not change the law.
An Act Requiring A Study Concerning Energy Efficiency Requirements For Artificial Intelligence Data Centers.
Connecticut's SB 1292 (2025) would have required the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection, with the Public Utilities Regulatory Authority and the Commissioner of Economic and Community Development, to study energy efficiency performance standards for artificial intelligence data centers and report to the Energy and Technology Committee by February 1, 2026. The Energy and Technology Committee reported the substitute favorably (File No. 538) and it was tabled for the Senate calendar on April 7, 2025; it did not pass before the session ended.
Artificial intelligence inventory and policies.
Indiana's HB 1296 would have required the Department of Education to create guidelines, a model policy and an inventory of at least 20 AI platforms for schools, survey teachers and students, and report yearly, and required every school corporation and charter school to adopt and post an AI policy and not penalize a student based solely on an AI detector. It was referred to the House Education Committee January 13, 2025 and died with the 2025 session.
Preventing Deep Fake Scams Act
The federal H.R. 1734 (Preventing Deep Fake Scams Act) would create a Task Force on Artificial Intelligence in the Financial Services Sector, chaired by the Treasury Secretary, to report to Congress within 1 year of enactment on how banks and credit unions protect themselves and consumers from fraud using AI, AI risks from bad actors, best practices and recommendations. Introduced February 27, 2025 and referred to the House Financial Services Committee; no further action.
Public employment: local public transit agencies: autonomous transit vehicle technology.
California's AB 96 adds Government Code §§ 3125-3130. At least 10 months before beginning a procurement process (a request for proposals or quotations) to acquire or deploy autonomous transit vehicle technology that would eliminate job functions or jobs, a local public transit employer, such as a city, county, transit district or joint powers authority, must notify the affected workforce's exclusive employee representative in writing. On the union's written request, the two must bargain over developing and implementing the technology, a transition plan and training for new positions. Signed October 8, 2023 (Chapter 419); effective January 1, 2024.
Establishes the "protect our privacy (POP) act" to impose limitations on the use of drones for law enforcement purposes; prohibits the use of drones by law enforcement at concerts, protests, demonstrations, or other actions protected by the first amendment.
New York's A 972, the "protect our privacy (POP) act," would add Civil Rights Law § 52-e: law enforcement data from drones equipped with facial recognition software, or from facial recognition run on drone video or images, including private drones, could not be used in ongoing investigations or prosecutions and would have to be promptly deleted, retroactively. It would also generally bar police drone use except for search and rescue and post-disaster inspection, bar drones at protests and armed drones, and allow suits for the greater of $1,000 per violation or actual damages. Referred to Governmental Operations January 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Generative artificial intelligence: training data transparency.
California's AB 2013 (Civil Code §§ 3110-3111) requires developers of generative AI systems or services made publicly available to Californians, free or paid, to post documentation of their training data on their websites: by January 1, 2026 for systems released since January 1, 2022, and before each later release or substantial modification. The documentation summarizes the datasets, including sources, size, data types, and whether they contain copyrighted material or personal information or were bought or licensed. Signed September 28, 2024 (Chapter 817); took effect January 1, 2025, with first postings due January 1, 2026.
State Department of Education: artificial intelligence working group.
California's AB 2652 (2023-24 Regular Session) would add Education Code section 33328.5, requiring the Superintendent of Public Instruction, with the State Board of Education, to convene a working group on AI in public schools. It would develop guidance on safe AI use by January 1, 2026, a model policy by July 1, 2026, and report by September 1, 2026, contingent on an appropriation. Held under submission in Assembly Appropriations May 16, 2024; not passed.
Relating to regulation of the use of artificial intelligence systems in this state; providing civil penalties.
Texas's HB 149, the Texas Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act, bars developing or deploying AI intended to incite self-harm, harm to others or crime, with intent to unlawfully discriminate against a protected class (disparate impact alone is not enough), or solely to infringe U.S. constitutional rights, and making or distributing AI solely to produce or spread child pornography or unlawful sexual deep fakes. Government entities may not use AI for harmful social scoring or rights-infringing biometric ID. Agencies must tell consumers they are dealing with AI; health care providers must tell patients. AG enforcement; 60-day cure. Signed June 22, 2025; effective January 1, 2026.
Relating to the regulation and use of artificial intelligence systems and the management of data by governmental entities.
Texas's SB 1964 sets rules for AI used by state agencies and local governments. The Department of Information Resources (DIR) must adopt an AI code of ethics and minimum risk-management standards for "heightened scrutiny" AI (systems specifically intended to autonomously make, or be a controlling factor in, consequential decisions on access to government services), aligned with NIST's AI RMF 1.0, which agencies and local governments must adopt. State agencies and their vendors must assess such systems for risks of unlawful harm, agencies must give notice of public-facing AI, and vendors that do not cure violations can lose contracts. Signed June 20, 2025; effective September 1, 2025.
Relating to prosecution and punishment of certain criminal offenses prohibiting sexually explicit visual material involving depictions of children, computer-generated children, or other persons; creating criminal offenses; increasing criminal penalties.
Texas's SB 1621 rewrites Penal Code § 43.26. Offenses for sexual material depicting an actual child cover images of a recognizable real child altered with AI or other software. New offenses cover a "computer-generated child": an AI- or software-made depiction appearing to be under 18 that a reasonable person would find virtually indistinguishable from an actual child. Intentionally or knowingly possessing or accessing such material is a state jail felony and promoting it a third-degree felony, with higher grades for prior convictions, volume and depictions appearing under 10. Signed June 20, 2025; effective September 1, 2025.
Statewide Study on Automation and Workforce Impact
Vetoed. Florida's SB 936 and its identical House bill, HB 827, would have required the Bureau of Workforce Statistics and Economic Research in the Department of Commerce to study the economic impact of automation, AI and robotics on employment, focusing on job losses and gains, and report to the Governor and legislative leaders by December 1, 2025 and every 3 years after. On April 29, 2025 the Senate substituted HB 827 for SB 936 and laid SB 936 on the table; HB 827 passed both chambers (House 112-1, Senate 35-0) and the Governor vetoed it on June 27, 2025.
Use of facial recognition technology as part of the driver's license and Minnesota identification card application process required.
Minnesota's HF 560 would have required the commissioner of public safety to use facial recognition on every driver's license and Minnesota ID application or renewal to prevent multiple issuances and identification fraud, comparing applicants' faces with state, FBI and other law enforcement databases. A confirmed match would have blocked issuance and been referred to law enforcement. Introduced February 13, 2025 and never left committee.
Safe and Secure Innovation for Frontier Artificial Intelligence Models Act.
Vetoed. California's SB 1047 (2024) would have required developers of covered AI models (trained with more than 10^26 operations at a compute cost over $100 million) to adopt safety and security protocols and full-shutdown capability before training, assess and guard against critical harms before release, hire annual third-party auditors from 2026, and report AI safety incidents to the Attorney General within 72 hours. The Attorney General could have sued for penalties. Governor Newsom vetoed it September 29, 2024, and the Legislature did not override the veto.
Artificial Intelligence & Biometric Technologies
Colorado's HB 24-1468 repealed and reenacted the facial recognition task force created by SB 22-113 as the Artificial Intelligence Impact Task Force. Membership grew from 15 to 26, and the focus widened from government use of facial recognition to protections for consumers and workers from AI and automated decision systems: definitions, transparency and disclosure rules, algorithmic discrimination, best practices and metrics, and facial recognition and biometric technology. It had to meet by September 1, 2024 and report by February 1, 2025, and is set to be repealed September 1, 2027. Signed June 6, 2024 (Chapter 467); effective on signature.
Governmental Use of Facial Recognition Technology
Utah SB 34 (2021) enacts Utah Code Title 77, Chapter 23e on government use of facial recognition technology, defined as a computer system that uses an algorithm to compare facial biometric data of an unknown person with known individuals. Only the Department of Public Safety may run facial recognition comparisons against image databases it shares or maintains, and only under listed conditions and a set request process. Employees must be trained, the public must be notified when a government entity uses facial recognition on images it takes, and the law sets which comparison records are public or protected.
Ai, Deepfakes, Cybersecurity, Data Xfers
Alaska's SB 2 (2025-26) would have required a disclosure statement on election-related communications that include a deepfake, set rules for state agency use of generative AI in consequential decisions (inventory, impact assessments, notice, consent, appeal, and bans on some uses), and addressed transfers of data about individuals between state agencies. It was heard and held in Senate State Affairs on April 29, 2025 and died May 20, 2026.
Public schools: artificial intelligence working group.
California's SB 1288 (Education Code § 33328.5) has the Superintendent of Public Instruction convene a working group on AI in public schools, at least half of it credentialed teachers. It must issue guidance on safe AI use for school districts, county offices and charter schools by January 1, 2026, a model policy by July 1, 2026 (the Department of Education posted it June 25, 2026), and a report to the Legislature by January 1, 2027. The section is repealed January 1, 2031. Signed September 28, 2024 (Chapter 893); effective January 1, 2025.
AI Innovation Trust Fund
North Carolina's SB 735 would create an Artificial Intelligence Innovation Trust Fund, administered by the Secretary of Commerce, for grants to AI companies and AI entrepreneurship programs, with $750,000 appropriated for 2025-2026. It would also set safety duties for developers of covered AI models and computing cluster operators, enforced by the Attorney General. Filed March 25, 2025; re-referred to Appropriations/Base Budget March 26, 2025; it has not passed either chamber.
Rural health care; Alabama Health Command established to designate an AI-assisted health platform in rural communities
Alabama's HB 280 would create the Alabama Health Command, an independent agency under a director appointed by the Governor, to designate an Alabama-headquartered business to develop a uniform virtual AI-assisted health platform for rural communities. The platform would give consumers health management services such as education, scheduling and navigation to rural providers, without diagnosis or treatment. Rural providers that contract to use it would be exempt from competitive bid laws. Referred to House Ways and Means General Fund on January 20, 2026; the bill died when the 2026 regular session ended without final passage.
Secretary of Government Operations: deepfakes.
California's SB 1216 added Government Code § 11547.5. It directed the Secretary of Government Operations to evaluate, upon appropriation by the Legislature, the impact and risks of deepfakes and digital content forgery for government, California businesses and residents, including privacy and effects on voters, and to develop a coordinated plan on standards and tools for digital content provenance. A report to the Legislature with the plan was due October 1, 2024. The section was repealed by its own terms on January 1, 2025, so it is no longer in effect. Signed September 30, 2022 (Chapter 885); effective January 1, 2023.
House Study Committee on Exploring the Potential for Humanoids and Robotics in Georgia Workforce Development; create
Georgia's HR 815 is a House resolution that would create the House Study Committee on Exploring the Potential for Humanoids and Robotics in Georgia Workforce Development, with five House members appointed by the Speaker, to study whether and how humanoids and robotics can enhance economic development and recommend any action or legislation. The committee would be abolished on December 1, 2025. The resolution was reported favorably on March 31, 2025, then withdrawn and recommitted on April 4, 2025, and was never adopted. A resolution does not change the law.
Law enforcement: facial recognition and other biometric surveillance.
California's AB 1215 added Penal Code § 832.19, which barred law enforcement agencies and officers from installing, activating or using any biometric surveillance system, such as facial recognition, in connection with an officer camera (a body-worn camera or similar device) or its data, including by having another agency or a third party run it for them. Anyone could sue for equitable or declaratory relief. The section was repealed by its own terms on January 1, 2023, so the ban is no longer in effect. Signed October 8, 2019 (Chapter 579); effective January 1, 2020.
Fourth Amendment Restoration Act
West Virginia's HB 2431, the Fourth Amendment Restoration Act (2025 regular session), would have barred law enforcement officers, and anyone acting for law enforcement purposes, from using seven listed technologies, including facial recognition, license plate readers and surveillance drones, unless a warrant based on probable cause authorizes use against a specific person. Knowing and willful use would be a felony. It was sent to House Judiciary on February 17, 2025 and went no further.
Creates new provisions governing autonomous vehicles
Missouri's HB 3365 would add section 301.4101 to let a political subdivision, municipality or local entity prohibit the operation of fully autonomous vehicles, automated driving systems or on-demand autonomous vehicle networks, or enact or keep rules and ordinances imposing taxes, fees or other requirements, including performance standards, specific to them. Referred to the House Emerging Issues committee on May 15, 2026; the bill died when the 2026 regular session ended in May 2026 without being truly agreed to and finally passed.
Artificial intelligence; nursing tasks; pilot
Arizona's HB 4080 (2026) would have established an artificial intelligence nursing innovation pilot program in the Department of Health Services to develop and test AI that performs nursing-adjacent tasks or workflows in a clinical setting. The department would select not more than five technology vendors recommended by an advisory committee. The bill was assigned to House Rules, held there, and died when the 2026 session ended June 13, 2026.
Artificial intelligence.
SJR 6 is a nonbinding joint resolution of the California Legislature. It urges the President and Congress of the United States to develop a comprehensive Artificial Intelligence Advisory Committee and to adopt a comprehensive artificial intelligence policy. Its findings cite AI adoption by businesses and consumers, expected effects on the workforce, and national AI strategies adopted by other countries. It was filed with the Secretary of State on July 9, 2019 and creates no legal obligations.
Elections policy and finance bill (Laws 2024, chapter 112), including article 2, sections 63-64 and 76-78 amending the election deep fake crime (Minn. Stat. 609.771)
Minnesota's 2024 elections omnibus (Laws 2024, chapter 112) rewrites parts of the 2023 election deep fake crime, Minn. Stat. 609.771. Under article 2, section 76, disseminating a deep fake of a candidate without consent to injure the candidate or influence an election is a crime if done with knowledge or reckless disregard that it is a deep fake, within 90 days before a party nominating convention or after absentee voting begins; broadcasters required by federal law to air a candidate's ad are exempt. Sections 63-64 and 77 require a convicted candidate to forfeit the nomination or office and bar appointment to it, and section 78 revises who may seek injunctive relief.
An act relating to public safety; ... regulating the use of unmanned aerial vehicles by law enforcement ... (Laws 2020, chapter 82)
Minnesota's Laws 2020, chapter 82 created Minn. Stat. 626.19 on law enforcement use of unmanned aerial vehicles (drones). Drones generally require a warrant, with listed exceptions, and under subdivision 4(b) an agency must not deploy a drone with facial recognition or other biometric-matching technology unless expressly authorized by a warrant. Agencies also may not arm drones or use them to collect data on protests without a warrant, evidence gathered in violation is inadmissible, and agencies must adopt written policies by Feb. 15, 2021. Section 626.19 took effect Aug. 1, 2020.
Establishing an artificial intelligence task force.
Washington's Chapter 163, Laws of 2024 (E2SSB 5838) creates an artificial intelligence task force run by the Office of the Attorney General. A 19-member executive committee (four legislators and 15 members appointed by the Attorney General from government, industry, labor, advocacy and research) examines public and private AI development and use and recommends guidelines and possible legislation, covering topics such as high-risk uses, algorithmic discrimination, transparency, training data and civil liberties. Reports were due December 31, 2024, December 1, 2025 and July 1, 2026. The act took effect immediately (emergency clause) and the task force expires June 30, 2027.
Establishing minimum requirements for the testing of autonomous vehicles.
Washington's Chapter 182, Laws of 2020 (ESHB 2676) sets minimum rules for testing autonomous vehicles on public roads under the Department of Licensing self-certification pilot program. Testers must carry at least $5 million in umbrella liability insurance (RCW 46.30.050). From October 1, 2021 (RCW 46.92.010), they must give the department contact details, testing locations and vehicle IDs, report collisions and moving violations annually, and notify local police or the State Patrol 14 to 60 days before testing. The department publishes the information and reports to the Legislature.
Implementing recommendations of the autonomous vehicle work group.
Washington's Chapter 193, Laws of 2021 (SSB 5460) implements recommendations of the state autonomous vehicle work group by amending the self-certification testing pilot program in RCW 46.92.010. It defines "autonomous" as a level four or five driving automation system under SAE J3016, and requires testers to give the Department of Licensing contact details, testing jurisdictions, vehicle identification and proof of insurance, file annual collision and violation reports, and notify law enforcement 14 to 60 days before testing. No autonomous vehicle may be tested on public roads until the information is filed. Section 1 takes effect October 1, 2022.
Criminal procedure: sentencing guidelines; sentencing guidelines for certain election law offenses involving materially deceptive media and intimidating an election official; provide for.
Michigan's Public Act 266 of 2023 amends the sentencing guidelines in the Code of Criminal Procedure (MCL 777.11d) to list MCL 168.932f, distributing or agreeing to distribute materially deceptive media (AI-generated election deepfakes) as a subsequent offense, as a Class E public-trust felony with a 5-year statutory maximum. It took effect only with HB 5144 (Public Act 265 of 2023), which created the offense. Effective February 13, 2024.
Criminal procedure: sentencing guidelines; guidelines for dissemination of deep fake sexual images; enact.
Michigan's Public Act 12 of 2025 amends the sentencing guidelines in the Code of Criminal Procedure (MCL 777.17b) to list MCL 752.388(3), the felony form of creating or disseminating an intimate deep fake under the protection from intimate deep fakes act, as a Class F offense against a person with a 3-year statutory maximum. It took effect only with HB 4047 (Public Act 11 of 2025). Effective August 26, 2025.
Transportation: other; on-demand automated motor vehicle network; extend sunset.
Michigan's Public Act 232 of 2022 amends section 606b of the Vehicle Code (MCL 257.606b), which allows on-demand automated motor vehicle networks (app-based ride services using automated vehicles) to operate on Michigan roads. It extends the ban on local governments imposing fees, registration, franchises or regulations on these networks from December 31, 2022 to December 31, 2027. Effective December 13, 2022.
Advanced Technology
Florida's CS/CS/SB 1680 (Chapter 2024-118) creates the Government Technology Modernization Council (s. 282.802, F.S.), chaired by the Lieutenant Governor, to study AI in government: a state code of ethics for AI systems, AI safety and security standards, how automated decision systems affect legal rights, how bad actors exploit AI, and provenance disclosure for AI-generated images and audio. It reports each December 31 from 2024. New s. 827.072 makes knowingly possessing or intentionally viewing, or intentionally creating, generated child pornography (computer-created or altered images of a fictitious minor) a third-degree felony. Effective July 1, 2024.
Artificial Intelligence Facial Recognition
Colorado's SB 22-113 sets rules for facial recognition used by state agencies, local governments and state colleges: a notice of intent and public accountability report before use, vendor bias disclosures, testing and meaningful human review for decisions with legal or similarly significant effects, training and records. Police need a warrant or another listed basis for ongoing surveillance, real-time identification or tracking. It barred schools from new facial recognition contracts until July 1, 2025; SB 25-143 (2025) removed that end date. Its task force became the AI Impact Task Force (HB 24-1468), ending September 1, 2027. Signed June 8, 2022 (Chapter 463); effective August 10, 2022.
An Act amending sections 28-101, 28-661, 28-662, 28-663, 28-664, 28-665, 28-666, 28-907, 28-909, 28-941, 28-956, 28-957, 28-957.01, 28-966, 28-2157 and 28-3315, Arizona Revised Statutes; amending title 28, Arizona Revised Statutes, by adding chapter 31; relating to motor vehicles.
Arizona's HB 2813 (Laws 2021, Ch. 117) writes autonomous vehicle rules into Title 28. It defines automated driving system, autonomous and fully autonomous vehicle (SAE level 4 or 5) and related terms. A fully autonomous vehicle may operate without a human driver once the operator gives ADOT a law enforcement interaction plan and a written compliance statement, and the automated driving system is treated as the driver while engaged. It also sets crash-reporting duties for driverless vehicles, allows on-demand autonomous networks and autonomous commercial vehicles, preempts local fees, and provides an ADOT safety enforcement process.
An Act relating to personal delivery devices, providing penalties, and making penalties applicable.
Iowa's 2021 Acts chapter 119 (HF 304) creates Iowa Code chapter 321O for personal delivery devices: cargo-carrying devices for pedestrian areas, equipped with automated driving technology (software and hardware), that operate with remote support and supervision. A business may operate one only if an agent can monitor and remotely control it. Devices may travel at up to 6 mph in pedestrian areas and up to 20 mph on roads with speed limits of 40 mph or less, must yield to others, carry identification, brakes and lights, and be covered by at least $500,000 of liability insurance. Local governments may bar them from unsafe areas but may not otherwise regulate them.
Autonomous vehicles.
California's SB 1246 adds duties for autonomous vehicle manufacturers from July 1, 2028. Remote drivers must be in the U.S. and hold a license valid in California, of the right class. Manufacturers must keep enough communications capacity for remote support, immediately dispatch local incident technicians when a crash or incident immobilizes a vehicle or blocks traffic or when officials ask, alert local jurisdictions in fleetwide failures, acknowledge geofencing messages within two minutes, and report response data to the DMV quarterly. Cities and counties may seek penalties up to $5,000 or $10,000. Signed September 30, 2026 (Chapter 1021); effective January 1, 2027, operative July 1, 2028.
Automated Decision-Making Technology
Colorado's SB 26-189 repeals and reenacts the 2024 AI Act as rules for automated decision-making technology (ADMT) that materially influences consequential decisions such as hiring, lending, housing and health care. Developers must document covered ADMT for deployers; deployers must give notice before use, explain adverse outcomes within 30 days and, on request, give correction steps and, where commercially reasonable, human review. Signed May 14, 2026 (Chapter 131); applies from January 1, 2027. A stipulated April 27, 2026 order in X. AI LLC v. Weiser bars AG enforcement of 2026 laws replacing SB 24-205 for violations through 14 days after a ruling on xAI's planned injunction motion.
Pupil instruction: media literacy: artificial intelligence literacy: curriculum frameworks: instructional materials.
California's AB 2876 amends Education Code § 33548 so the Instructional Quality Commission must consider incorporating AI literacy into the mathematics, science and history-social science curriculum frameworks when they are next revised after January 1, 2025, and consider including it in its criteria for evaluating those subjects' instructional materials at the next adoptions. AI literacy means knowing how AI works and how to use it, including its limitations, implications and ethics. Signed September 29, 2024 (Chapter 927); effective January 1, 2025.
Artificial Intelligence; state agencies required to perform quarterly AI-assisted review of rules
Alabama's HB524 (Agentic Artificial Intelligence Regulatory Review Act) would require every state agency that can adopt rules to complete an AI-assisted review of all its rules and guidance documents by April 1, 2027 and to repeat it quarterly, using AI systems the agency acquires or develops. Agency staff would have to review and approve the AI's analyses, and agencies would publish an annual report. Referred to the House Committee on State Government on February 26, 2026; the bill died when the 2026 regular session ended without final passage.
Artificial intelligence; framework for person/entity acting as an independent verification org.
Virginia's HB 797 directs the Joint Commission on Technology and Science (JCOTS) to study whether to create a framework for independent verification organizations that would assess whether AI models or applications follow best-practice standards for preventing personal injury and property damage. JCOTS weighs the risks of AI deployed in Virginia, measurable risk metrics, existing mitigation standards, other states' approaches and the fiscal impact; if it recommends a framework, it also studies licensing such organizations. Report due November 1, 2026. Identical to SB 384; effective July 1, 2026.
Authorizing financial institutions to report suspected financial exploitation of an adult account holder to a designated agency, notify any adult designated as a trusted contact by such account holder of suspected financial exploitation and place a temporary hold on certain transactions or…
HB2591 authorizes financial institutions to report suspected financial exploitation, regulate virtual currency kiosks, address insolvency of technology-enabled fiduciary financial institutions, and eliminate certain stipulations on negotiable instruments.
Relating To Law Enforcement.
Hawaii's Senate Bill 2049 (2026) would have barred law enforcement agencies and officers from using biometric surveillance technology, meaning software that performs facial recognition or other remote biometric recognition, on any person. Exceptions would have covered reasonable suspicion of a crime, executing a judge-authorized warrant based on probable cause that an unidentified or unconfirmed person in an image committed a crime, and emergencies involving immediate danger of death or serious injury. It was referred to committees January 22, 2026 and not enacted.
Opposing the federal preemption of state laws that regulate artificial intelligence.
Not law. Kansas HR 6023 was a House resolution that would have expressed strong opposition to any federal law, executive order or policy that preempts Kansas from enacting or enforcing its own AI laws, and would have rejected preemption proposals that lack an exemption for state prosecution of AI-enabled crimes, offer no federal minimum standards, or tie federal funding such as BEAD to Kansas not regulating AI. It would not have changed Kansas law. It was referred to the House Committee on Legislative Modernization January 29, 2026 and died in committee April 10, 2026.
AN ACT to amend the Code of West Virginia Code, 1931, as amended, by adding thereto a new chapter, designated §17H-1-1, §17H-1-2, §17H-1-3, §17H-1-4, §17H-1-5, §17H-1-6, §17H-1-7, §17H-1-8, §17H-1-9, §17H-1-10, §17H-1-11, §17H-1-12, §17H-1-13, §17H-1-14, and §17H-1-15, all relating to establishing the Fully Autonomous Vehicle Act; defining terms; providing for construction of the act; providing requirements for the operation of fully autonomous vehicles without a human driver and with a human driver; providing for the operation of on-demand autonomous vehicle networks; providing for the operation of fully autonomous commercial and motor vehicle carriers; providing for the platooning of fully autonomous vehicles; providing for licensing, titling, registration, and insurance requirements of fully autonomous vehicles; providing for control and regulation of fully autonomous vehicles; providing for equipment standards for fully autonomous vehicles; and providing duties following a crash involving fully autonomous vehicles.
West Virginia's Fully Autonomous Vehicle Act (new Chapter 17H) authorizes self-driving vehicles on public roads. A fully autonomous vehicle may run without a human driver if its automated driving system can reach a minimal risk condition on failure, and the operator first files a law enforcement interaction plan with the Division of Highways/DOT and proves insurance or self-insurance to the DMV. The act also covers on-demand autonomous vehicle networks, autonomous commercial vehicles, three-vehicle platooning, crash duties and equipment standards, and bars local governments from banning or separately taxing autonomous vehicles.
AI for ALL Act Artificial Intelligence for Advancing Literacy and Learning Act
The federal H.R. 6159 (Artificial Intelligence for Advancing Literacy and Learning Act, or AI for ALL Act) would establish an Artificial Intelligence Literacy and Education Commission in the Office of Science and Technology Policy, chaired by the OSTP Director, with 10 members including federal agency representatives and AI experts from higher education and the private sector. The Commission would develop multilingual AI literacy materials and, within one year, a federal strategy to improve AI literacy and education. Introduced November 19, 2025 and referred to the House Science, Space, and Technology Committee; no further action.
An Act To Increase Privacy and Security by Regulating the Use of Facial Surveillance Systems by Departments, Public Employees and Public Officials
Maine's 2021 facial surveillance law (25 MRSA §6001) generally prohibits government departments, public employees and officials from obtaining, using or contracting for facial surveillance systems, defined as automated or semi-automated processes that identify people from facial characteristics. Limited exceptions allow searches for serious crimes with probable cause, missing or deceased persons and BMV fraud, but requests must go through the BMV or State Police, which log them. A facial match alone cannot establish probable cause, and illegally obtained data must be deleted and is inadmissible.
An Act relating to motor vehicles operated by an automated driving system, and making penalties applicable.
Iowa's 2019 Acts chapter 75 (SF 302), codified at Iowa Code 321.514 to 321.519, sets rules for vehicles driven by an automated driving system, defined as the hardware and software collectively capable of performing the entire dynamic driving task on a sustained basis. A driverless-capable vehicle may operate on public highways with no human driver if it can reach a minimal risk condition after a system failure, can follow state traffic and safety laws, and is certified as meeting federal motor vehicle safety standards. Owners must carry liability coverage, and crashes must be reported. Driverless on-demand networks are allowed, and local governments may not add their own rules or taxes.
An Act Concerning Artificial Intelligence, Automated Decision-making And Personal Data Privacy.
Connecticut's Public Act 23-16 governs AI in state government. The Department of Administrative Services (for all state agencies) and the Judicial Department must inventory the AI systems in use by December 31, 2023 and yearly after, and post them. OPM and the Judicial Branch set policies by February 1, 2024 for buying, using and assessing AI; from then, agencies may not deploy an AI system without an impact assessment showing it will not cause unlawful discrimination or disparate impact. It formed a working group on AI best practices and an AI bill of rights, and from October 1, 2023 state contracts must require compliance with the data privacy act. Signed June 7, 2023.
Public postsecondary education: generative artificial intelligence systems: procurement standards: training.
California's community colleges and CSU must, and the University of California is asked to, form a working group that by January 1, 2028 recommends procurement standards and user training for generative AI systems bought for education. Standards must require a documented risk assessment, safeguards against harmful output, no engagement-driven sycophancy, self-harm monitoring with human escalation, incident reporting, data-minimization and retention policies, and disclosure of training data sources. Until standards exist, each systemwide GenAI contract triggers a report to the Legislature within 60 days. Effective January 1, 2027.
Employment: automated decision systems.
California's SB 947 limits how employers, including public employers and labor contractors, use automated decision systems (ADS) such as AI tools, starting July 1, 2027. Employers may not use an ADS to violate labor or civil-rights laws, infer a protected status, or predict and punish workers for exercising their rights, and may not rely solely on an ADS to discipline or fire. When they primarily rely on one, a human must corroborate the output, and the worker gets a written notice and can request a description of their data used. $500 per violation. Signed September 30, 2026 (Chapter 859).
Ai, Deepfakes, Cybersecurity, Data Xfers
Alaska's SB 177 (2023-24), as the Senate State Affairs committee substitute CSSB 177(STA), would have required a disclosure statement on election-related communications that include a deepfake, set rules for state agency use of generative AI for consequential decisions, and addressed transfers of data about individuals between state agencies. Senate State Affairs reported it April 23-24, 2024 and it was referred to Judiciary; it died when the 33rd Legislature's session ended.
Establishes "Artificial Intelligence Innovation Partnership"; provides funding for certain nonprofit partnerships to promote certain emerging technology businesses.
New Jersey's S4253 would establish an Artificial Intelligence Innovation Partnership, administered by the New Jersey Commission on Science, Innovation and Technology through certified nonprofit partners in four regions. Partners could apply for grants requiring a private-sector match. Introduced March 3, 2025. A bill of the Legislature's 2024-2025 session, which ended January 13, 2026.
Elections: offenses; penalties for distributing materially deceptive media; provide for, and provide procedure for enjoining materially deceptive media.
Michigan's Public Act 265 of 2023 adds section 932f to the election law. Within 90 days before an election, a person may not distribute, or agree to distribute, materially deceptive media (an image, audio or video produced by artificial intelligence that falsely shows a person saying or doing something they did not) knowing it is false and intending to harm a candidate or deceive voters, unless it carries a disclaimer that it was manipulated by technical means. The attorney general, the person depicted, a harmed candidate or a voter group can sue for an injunction. Effective February 13, 2024.
Establishes AI and Labor Market Study Commission to analyze impact of artificial intelligence on labor market.
New Jersey's A4888 would establish an 11-member AI and Labor Market Study Commission in the Department of Labor and Workforce Development to study AI's effect on the workforce and a Job Transition Fund for displaced workers. Introduced October 17, 2024; reported by the Assembly Science, Innovation and Technology Committee with amendments on January 23, 2025. A bill of the Legislature's 2024-2025 session, which ended January 13, 2026.
AN ACT TO AMEND THE LAW CONCERNING CRIMINAL OFFENSES RELATED TO POSSESSION OF SEXUALLY EXPLICIT MATERIAL THAT DEPICTS A CHILD; TO INCLUDE A COMPUTER GENERATED IMAGE THAT IS INDISTINGUISHABLE FROM THE IMAGE OF A CHILD; AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.
Arkansas Act 977 of 2025 brings AI-generated child sexual abuse material under the state's child exploitation laws. "Computer generated" means produced, adapted or modified in whole or part using artificial intelligence; "indistinguishable" means an ordinary person would conclude it shows an actual child (drawings, cartoons and paintings excluded). The pandering, possession, distribution and viewing offenses, and electronic facilitation of child sexual abuse (Class B felony), now cover such images. Law enforcement, interactive computer services and good-faith AI adversarial testing are exempt.
Establishes task force to research and report on potential sources of funding for artificial intelligence initiatives and appropriate tax incentives to support businesses impacted by expansion of use of artificial intelligence.
New Jersey's A5168 would establish an 11-member Artificial Intelligence Initiative Funding Task Force to research and report on public and private funding sources for AI initiatives and tax incentives for sectors most affected by AI. The report would be due within 12 months of organization. Introduced January 14, 2025. A bill of the Legislature's 2024-2025 session, which ended January 13, 2026.
Relating to the security of state assets; amending ORS 276A.340, 276A.344, 276A.346 and 276A.348.
Oregon's HB 3936 (Chapter 396, Oregon Laws 2025) amends the state law that keeps products of covered vendors off state information technology assets (ORS 276A.340 to 276A.348). It adds a definition of artificial intelligence and makes any hardware, software or service that uses AI developed or owned by a covered vendor a covered product. Covered vendors include Ant Group, ByteDance, Huawei, Kaspersky, Tencent, ZTE and entities the State Chief Information Officer designates as national security threats. Covered products may not be installed on, downloaded to or used on state IT assets. Signed June 24, 2025; effective January 1, 2026.
Relating to motor vehicles; to authorize autonomous commercial vehicles operated by an automated driving system and commercial motor vehicles with teleoperation systems.
Alabama's SB 47 (Act 2019-496) lets automated commercial motor vehicles run on Alabama roads without a conventional driver on board if they meet the act's criteria, and lets commercial vehicles with teleoperation systems run with a remote driver who holds the proper license class. The act makes the Department of Transportation the sole state agency with jurisdiction over automated commercial vehicles and teleoperation systems, bars local governments and other agencies from adding their own requirements or taxes, sets accident and reporting duties, and keeps existing liability law. It took effect when approved on June 10, 2019.
Technology, Alabama Council on Advanced Technology, establish, to advise Governor and Legislature, members, duties.
Alabama's SB 78 (Act 2021-344) establishes the Alabama Council on Advanced Technology and Artificial Intelligence. The council reviews and advises the Governor and the Legislature on all aspects of the use and development of advanced technology and artificial intelligence in Alabama and must submit an annual report with any recommendations for administrative or policy action, posted online by the Governor, the Legislature and the Department of Commerce. Approved May 6, 2021, the act took effect one year later, on May 6, 2022.
Crimes & offenses, provides criminal & civil penalties for distribution of materially deceptive media intended to influence an election.
Alabama's HB 172 (Act 2024-349) makes it a crime to distribute materially deceptive media (AI-produced image, audio or video falsely depicting a person's speech or conduct) within 90 days before an election when the distributor knows it is false and intends to harm a candidate or deceive voters. A disclaimer stating the media 'has been manipulated by technical means and depicts speech or conduct that did not occur' avoids liability. A violation is a Class A misdemeanor; a second conviction within five years is a Class D felony. The Attorney General, the depicted person, candidates and voter groups may seek injunctions. Effective October 1, 2024.
Relating To Autonomous Vehicles.
Hawaii's HB 2590 (Act 21 of 2020) established an autonomous vehicles testing pilot program within the Department of Transportation. Autonomous vehicles, meaning vehicles with an automated driving system that can perform the whole driving task and reach a minimal risk condition without human supervision, may be tested on any public road, but a conventional human driver must stay physically present in the vehicle to intervene. The department may adopt rules, decides which entities may test, and had to report findings and recommendations to the Legislature before the 2023 session. The act took effect on approval, September 15, 2020.
Relating To Elections.
Hawaii's SB 2687 (Act 191 of 2024) adds HRS 11-303 and a remedies section to the campaign law. From February of each even-numbered year through the general election, no one may recklessly distribute materially deceptive media (an ad falsely depicting someone's speech or conduct, made with AI, GAN techniques or other digital technology) in reckless disregard of the risk of harming a candidate or changing votes. Media with a clear disclaimer that it was manipulated is exempt. Violations are a petty misdemeanor (misdemeanor for a repeat within five years; class C felony if meant to cause violence); the Campaign Spending Commission may fine and injured parties may sue.
Digitizations; create a criminal penalty for the wrongful dissemination of.
Mississippi's SB 2577 (Chapter 467, Laws of 2024) creates a crime of wrongful dissemination of digitizations: realistic images or audio altered or created with software, machine learning, AI or other computer-generated means (deepfakes) that a reasonable person would believe show real speech or conduct. Knowingly disseminating one within 90 days of an election, without consent and to injure a candidate, influence the result or deter voting, carries up to one year and $5,000, or up to five years and $10,000 if meant to incite violence or after a prior conviction. Officials, the depicted person, candidates and parties may seek injunctions. Effective July 1, 2024.
An act relating to miscellaneous changes to laws related to vehicles and the Department of Motor Vehicles
Vermont's S.149 (Act 60 of 2019) is a motor vehicle omnibus whose Sec. 16 adds the Automated Vehicle Testing Act, 23 V.S.A. chapter 41. An automated vehicle (one equipped with an automated driving system) may not be tested on public highways until the Traffic Committee approves a tester's permit application after a public hearing, defining the test's scope and operational design domain. Testing on class 2 to 4 town highways needs the town's preapproval, which it can revoke. Testers must use trained operators aged 21 or older who can take immediate manual or remote control. The Governor signed the act June 14, 2019; these sections took effect July 1, 2019.
An act relating to governmental structures protecting the public health, safety, and welfare
Vermont's S.124 (Act 166 of 2020) is a public safety act whose Sec. 14 imposes a moratorium on facial recognition technology: until the General Assembly authorizes it by law, a law enforcement officer may not use facial recognition technology or information obtained through it, except as permitted for drones under 20 V.S.A. 4622. Facial recognition covers automated or semi-automated identification of a person from facial characteristics and analysis of a face to infer sentiment, state of mind or dangerousness. The act took effect October 1, 2020; the Governor signed it October 7, 2020. Act 17 of 2021 later allowed use in child sexual exploitation investigations.
FY27 BUDGET IMPLEMENTATION
Article 40 of the FY2027 Budget Implementation Act supports Senate Bill 315, the Artificial Intelligence Safety Measures Act. It lets the Illinois Emergency Management Agency and Office of Homeland Security adopt emergency rules for that Act (5 ILCS 100/5-45.71), creates the AI Safety Measures Fund for its fees and civil penalties (30 ILCS 105/5.1038, 6z-149), and amends Sections 18 and 25 of the Act so large frontier developer disclosure and annual fees are set by rule. Article 40 takes effect when the Act becomes law or on SB 315's effective date, whichever is later.
Enacts into law major components of legislation necessary to implement the state transportation, economic development and environmental conservation budget for the 2024-2025 state fiscal year
Chapter 58 of 2024 (FY2025 budget). Part MM, the artificial intelligence deceptive practices act, covers commercial use of a person's likeness or voice under Civil Rights Law 50-51 and extends the intimate-image actions in 52-b and 52-c to images created or altered by digitization (AI, machine learning or other computer-generated means). It also adds Election Law 14-106(5): political communications with materially deceptive media must disclose that the content has been manipulated, and depicted candidates may seek an injunction. Part TT establishes Empire AI at the University at Buffalo. Part J extends autonomous vehicle testing. Part MM took effect immediately.
Relates to requiring certain notice and disclosure regarding materially deceptive media in political communications
Chapter 169 of 2024 amends Election Law 14-106(5), the deceptive political media disclosure rule added weeks earlier by the FY2025 budget. Materially deceptive media is realistic content created or modified with software, machine learning or AI that depicts something that did not happen. The amendment limits the disclosure duty to distributors who know the media is deceptive, narrows the news exemption to outlets that flag doubts about authenticity, adds a safe harbor for paid broadcasters and streaming services with consistent disclaimer rules, and says labels are not required where they would conflict with federal law. Effective immediately.
Elections: deceptive audio or visual media.
AB 730 amended Elections Code 20010 and Code of Civil Procedure 35 to address election deepfakes. Until January 1, 2023 (later extended), no person or committee may distribute, with actual malice, materially deceptive audio or visual media of a candidate within 60 days of an election to injure the candidate's reputation or deceive voters. Such media is an image, audio or video intentionally manipulated so it would falsely appear authentic. Media disclosing that it has been manipulated is allowed, and the depicted candidate may seek an injunction and damages.
Pretrial release: risk assessment tools.
SB 36 regulates algorithmic pretrial risk assessment tools used in release decisions. Each pretrial services agency using one must validate it by January 1, 2021 and at least every 3 years, and publish information about the tool, including validation studies. The Judicial Council must list agencies that meet these requirements, publish annual reports on outcomes and potential bias in pretrial release, and report by July 1, 2022 with recommendations to reduce bias and disparate effects.
Elections: deceptive audio or visual media.
AB 972 amended Elections Code Section 20010 and Code of Civil Procedure Section 35 to extend the 2019 election deepfake law (AB 730), which was set to expire January 1, 2023, to January 1, 2027. The extended provisions prohibit distributing, with actual malice and within 60 days of an election, materially deceptive audio or visual media of a candidate intended to injure the candidate or deceive voters, unless the media discloses it has been manipulated. Depicted candidates keep the right to seek injunctive relief and damages, with such cases given calendar precedence.
Crimes: child pornography.
AB 1831 amended Penal Code Sections 311, 311.2, 311.11, and 311.12 so that obscene matter and child sexual abuse material offenses include matter that is digitally altered or generated by the use of artificial intelligence, as defined. It treats AI-generated depictions of what appear to be minors engaged in sexual conduct like other prohibited material. The bill operates together with SB 1381 of the same session, which amended related Penal Code sections.
An Act To Amend Title 29 Of The Delaware Code Relating To The Artificial Intelligence Commission.
Delaware's HB 333 (84 Del. Laws c. 307) creates the Delaware Artificial Intelligence (AI) Commission within the Department of Technology and Information. The Commission recommends legislative and executive AI actions to the General Assembly and the state Chief Information Officer, develops statewide processes and guidelines for agencies' AI use, encourages agencies to use AI to improve services, recommends actions that keep citizens safe and protect individual rights, and inventories generative AI use in state agencies, identifying high-risk areas. It reports every December 31 from 2024. Signed and effective July 17, 2024; the act expires July 17, 2034 unless extended.
Artificial intelligence.
AB 2885 amended Business and Professions Code Section 22675, Education Code Section 75002, and Government Code Sections 11546.45.5, 11547.5, and 53083.1 to use a single definition of artificial intelligence: an engineered or machine-based system that varies in its level of autonomy and that can, for explicit or implicit objectives, infer from the input it receives how to generate outputs that can influence physical or virtual environments. The amended provisions include the state's high-risk automated decision system inventory and deepfake-related government provisions.
Autonomous vehicles.
AB 1777 amended Vehicle Code Section 38750 and added Sections 38751 to 38753. Commencing July 1, 2026, manufacturers of autonomous vehicles that operate without a human operator in the vehicle must maintain a dedicated emergency response telephone line and equip each vehicle with two-way voice communication so emergency officials near the vehicle can reach a remote human operator. Emergency officials may issue emergency geofencing messages, and manufacturers must direct fleets to leave or avoid the area within 2 minutes. Peace officers may issue notices of autonomous vehicle noncompliance for observed Vehicle Code violations, which manufacturers must report to the DMV.
Budget Act of 2024.
In the Budget Act of 2024, the provisions of Item 0511-001-0001 (Secretary of Government Operations) require the Government Operations Agency to hold monthly Generative Artificial Intelligence meetings with designated Assembly and Senate staff about implementing Executive Order N-12-23. The agency must report on completion of each deliverable in the order and on the implementation, results, and funding sources of any generative AI proofs of concept. If more resources are needed to implement or procure a generative AI solution for a proof of concept, departments must seek them through the annual budget process. The provisions define artificial intelligence and generative AI.
An Act To Amend Title 6 Of The Delaware Code Relating To Personal Data Privacy And Consumer Protection.
Delaware's HB 359 (152nd General Assembly) would have applied the Delaware Personal Data Privacy Act to State government. Its substitute, HS 1 for HB 359, narrowed this to letting consumers enforce their opt-out right under 6 Del. C. § 12D-104(a)(6) against the State. That right covers opting out of targeted advertising, the sale of personal data, and profiling in furtherance of solely-automated decisions with legal or similarly significant effects. The bill text itself never mentions AI. HB 359 was substituted on May 2, 2024; the substitute stayed in a House committee and died when the 152nd General Assembly ended.
February 2025 bar exam: audit.
SB 47 amended Business and Professions Code Section 6145 to require the California State Auditor to audit the February 2025 bar exam and report to the State Bar board of trustees, the Chief Justice, and the Assembly and Senate Judiciary Committees, with the State Bar covering the cost. Among other things, the audit must evaluate the events that led the State Bar to use artificial intelligence to create multiple choice questions for the exam, including when and by whom the decision was made, the rationale, and when leadership learned of it. The bill is an urgency statute that took effect immediately on approval, October 1, 2025.
State Bar of California.
SB 253 is a State Bar omnibus bill. Its AI provision, in amended Business and Professions Code Section 6046.6, requires the Committee of Bar Examiners to provide notice if artificial intelligence is used in creating questions for the bar examination or in grading the bar examination. The bill also adds notice periods before changing the exam's question vendor or authorizing remote administration.
Community colleges: personnel: qualifications.
SB 241 amended Education Code Section 87359.2. It explicitly requires that the instructor of record for a course and community college librarians, counselors, administrators, and other listed positions be a person who meets the minimum or alternative qualifications for the position, which keeps these roles with qualified humans. Subdivision (c) states that the section does not prohibit community college staff from using artificial intelligence tools to assist in college operations or in providing services to students.
Elections: deceptive audio or visual media.
AB 686 amended Elections Code Section 20010 and Code of Civil Procedure Section 35 to extend the election deceptive media law (originally AB 730 of 2019, extended by AB 972 of 2022) from January 1, 2027 to January 1, 2031. The law prohibits distributing, with actual malice and within 60 days of an election, materially deceptive audio or visual media of a candidate intended to injure the candidate or deceive voters, unless the media discloses that it has been manipulated, and gives depicted candidates rights to injunctive relief and damages.
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Division U, Title I: AI in Government Act of 2020)
Title I of Division U of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 is the AI in Government Act of 2020. It creates an AI Center of Excellence within the General Services Administration to help agencies adopt AI and share best practices (sec. 103). It requires the Director of OMB to issue guidance to agencies on the acquisition and use of AI, including how to reduce barriers, protect civil liberties, privacy and civil rights, and identify AI risks (sec. 104). It also directs the Office of Personnel Management to identify skills for AI positions and create or update an occupational series for AI work (sec. 105). The remainder of the omnibus is outside this entry.
Artificial Intelligence Training for the Acquisition Workforce Act (AI Training Act)
The AI Training Act requires the Director of OMB, within one year and with GSA, to develop and provide an AI training program for federal employees in program management, procurement and contracting, logistics, cost estimating and related acquisition roles (sec. 2(b)). The training must cover how AI works, how it can benefit the government, its risks including discrimination and privacy risks, ways to mitigate those risks, and future trends. OMB must update the program at least every two years and track participation and feedback. The Department of Defense and NNSA are excluded, and the section sunsets 10 years after enactment.
Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025 (Division A, Title XV, Subtitle D: Artificial Intelligence)
Subtitle D of Title XV of the FY2025 NDAA is an AI-specific subtitle for the Department of Defense. It establishes an AI Human Factors Integration Initiative to improve how people use and trust AI systems and the information they produce (sec. 1531). DoD must establish or designate a program to meet testing and computing needs for next-generation AI, including high-performance computing infrastructure (sec. 1532). The Chief Digital and AI Officer must plan for budgeting the cost of AI data (sec. 1533), and DoD must evaluate establishing centers of excellence for AI-enabled weapon systems (sec. 1534). The rest of the NDAA is outside this entry.
Independent verification organizations.
SB 813 added Chapter 14 (commencing with Section 8898) to Division 1 of Title 2 of the Government Code. By January 1, 2028, the Government Operations Agency must take actions to select and regulate independent verification organizations, which are entities designated as having demonstrated expertise in assessing the risks posed by an AI system or model and in identifying the metrics and methodologies for that assessment. The agency must convene working groups for stakeholder input on standards and procedures and report findings to the Legislature, and each designated organization must report annually to the agency and the Legislature.
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (Division A, Title XV, Subtitle E: Artificial Intelligence)
Subtitle E of Title XV of the FY2024 NDAA is an AI subtitle for the Department of Defense. It expands the acquisition authority of DoD's chief AI official (sec. 1541), requires bug bounty programs for foundational AI models used by DoD (sec. 1542), and directs a prize competition for technology that detects and watermarks generative AI content (sec. 1543). DoD must review its AI strategy and issue guidance on AI adoption, ethical use and mitigating bias in AI algorithms (sec. 1544), and study vulnerabilities of AI-enabled military applications (sec. 1545). The rest of the NDAA is outside this entry.
Enacts into law major components of legislation necessary to implement the state public protection and general government budget for the 2025-2026 state fiscal year
Part L of Chapter 55 of 2025 (FY2026 budget) addresses AI-generated child sexual abuse material. It amends Penal Law 263.10, 263.11, 263.15 and 263.16 so the crimes of promoting and possessing an obscene sexual performance by a child, and a sexual performance by a child, include a performance created or altered by digitization (as defined in Penal Law 245.15). AI-generated or digitally altered sexual images of children are treated the same as material depicting real children, at the same felony grades. Part L takes effect on the 60th day after enactment.
Budget Act of 2025.
Section 11.25 of the Budget Act of 2025 (Artificial Intelligence Projects in State Departments) states the Legislature's intent that the workforce, fiscal, environmental, privacy, and policy effects of state generative AI projects be discussed publicly. It provides that no state fiscal or personnel resources may be spent implementing or maintaining generative AI projects in departments under the Governor's control unless the proposals were approved in the Budget Act or another statute. Projects in operation or development as of July 1, 2025 and projects responding to a declared state of emergency are excluded. Section 11.25 was amended the same day by AB 102 (Chapter 5, Statutes of 2025).
Budget Act of 2025.
Section 239 of AB 102 rewrote Section 11.25 of the Budget Act of 2025. Departments under the Governor using state resources for generative AI projects must complete the state's GenAI risk assessment (SIMM 5305-F) and privacy assessments (SIMM 5310-C) and follow the project delivery lifecycle (SIMM 19H). For IT projects using generative AI, agencies must give project documentation to the Legislature regardless of funding source, and funding requests go through the annual budget. The administration had to report by March 1, 2026 on the state's first GenAI proofs of concept.
Employment: technological displacement: notice.
SB 951 amended Labor Code Sections 1400.5 and 1401 and added Section 1402.7. An employer giving notice of a mass layoff, relocation, or termination caused in whole or in substantial part by an artificial intelligence system or other automated technology replacing or automating positions must include specified information, such as the job functions that will be automated. The Employment Development Department must publish summaries of these notices and a quarterly statewide summary of technological displacement, and must report to the Legislature by January 1, 2028 on AI's effects on hiring practices across industries and occupations.
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026 (Division A, Title XV, Subtitle D: Artificial Intelligence; Division F, Title LXVI, Subtitle A: Artificial Intelligence)
The FY2026 NDAA has two AI subtitles. Division A, Title XV, Subtitle D: DoD must exclude and remove covered artificial intelligence, as the Act defines it, from its systems within 30 days (sec. 1532), build a standardized assessment framework for AI models (sec. 1533), create a task force on AI sandbox environments (sec. 1534) and form an AI Futures Steering Committee (sec. 1535). Division F (Intelligence Authorization), Title LXVI, Subtitle A requires AI security guidance, sets rules for intelligence community AI development and use, and requires removal of DeepSeek and similar covered applications from IC systems (secs. 6601-6604). Other NDAA provisions are outside this entry.
Relating to the creation of a criminal offense for fabricating a deceptive video with intent to influence the outcome of an election.
Texas SB 751 (2019) was one of the first state deepfake election laws. It adds subsections to Election Code 255.004 making it an offense, with intent to injure a candidate or influence the result of an election, to create a deep fake video and cause it to be published or distributed within 30 days of an election. A deep fake video is a video created with intent to deceive that appears to depict a real person performing an action that did not occur in reality. The offense is a Class A misdemeanor. Effective September 1, 2019.
Relating to a study on the impacts of using certain motor vehicle technologies.
Texas SB 1308 (2021) became law without the Governor's signature. It required the Department of Transportation and the Department of Public Safety, consulting the Texas A&M Transportation Institute, to study the use of automated driving systems, connected driving systems and other emerging vehicle technologies to reduce congestion at Texas-Mexico ports of entry, and their effects on the transportation workforce, the economy and safety, with a report due January 1, 2023. The act expired September 1, 2023.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 49, relative to internet safety.
Tennessee HB 825 (Public Chapter 195) requires the department of education to develop social media and internet safety guidance for grades 6-12 by January 1, 2026, updated for emerging technologies, for use by school districts and charter schools from the 2026-27 school year. The guidance must include the importance of evaluating information generated by artificial intelligence and understanding the potential for misinformation when using AI. Parents may opt their child out in writing. The AI provision took effect on signing, April 11, 2025.
Facial recognition technology; local law-enforcement agencies, etc., authorization of use.
Virginia HB 2031 (2021) prohibited local law-enforcement agencies and campus police departments from purchasing or deploying facial recognition technology unless a statute expressly authorizes it, and required any authorizing statute to keep the data under the agency's exclusive control, confidential and reachable only by warrant. Agencies already using it had to stop on July 1, 2021. Facial recognition technology is defined as an electronic system for enrolling, capturing, extracting, comparing and matching geometric facial data; airports with commercial service are exempt. SB 741 (2022) replaced the ban with an authorization framework.
Autonomous driving systems; Secretary of Transportation to convene work group to study.
Virginia HB 2627 (2025) directs the Secretary of Transportation, with the Secretary of Public Safety and Homeland Security, to convene a work group of VDOT, State Police, DMV, legislators and stakeholders on the operational, technical and legal issues raised by autonomous driving systems, considering federal and other states' rules and AAMVA and AASHTO recommendations. The work group must draft legislation to govern autonomous driving systems, finish meeting by September 1, 2026 and report by November 1, 2026. Effective July 1, 2025.
Internet safety; instruction to include key modern digital safety topics.
Virginia HB 171 (2026) amends Code 22.1-70.2 so each school division's internet safety policy includes instruction on key modern digital safety topics, including online scams, misinformation and content generated by artificial intelligence. Effective July 1, 2026.
Department of Corrections; language access and translation services for inmates.
Virginia HB 553 (2026) adds Code 53.1-1.3 on language access in state prisons. Internet, machine-learning and artificial-intelligence based translation services may be used for language assistance and for translating essential documents only where the service is certified or specifically built to provide accurate translations, and a qualified interpreter is still required for sensitive, confidential or privileged communications. Effective July 1, 2026.
Education
Florida's CS/HB 1361 (Chapter 2024-162) amends s. 1002.321(3), F.S., to fund school district grants for artificial intelligence platforms that support learning in grades 6-12. A recipient must pick a platform that uses a GPT-4-class large language model (or equivalent or successor) on a closed system, trains teachers, gives one-on-one tutoring aligned to Florida's B.E.S.T. standards, provides standards-aligned lesson plans and progress insights, and offers district and school reporting and parental access to the AI interactions. The University of Florida Lastinger Center awards the grants. Effective July 1, 2024.
Relating to Elections -- Deceptive and Fraudulent Synthetic Media in Election Communications
Rhode Island's 2025 election deepfake law (R.I. Gen. Laws ch. 17-30) bars candidates, campaign committees, PACs, party committees and independent spenders from distributing synthetic media they know or should know is deceptive and fraudulent within 90 days of an election. Synthetic media is an image, audio or video of a person intentionally manipulated with generative adversarial network techniques or other digital technology to look real but give a fundamentally different impression. A clear disclosure that the media 'has been manipulated or generated by artificial intelligence' is a safe harbor. Depicted candidates may seek injunctions and damages. Effective on passage.
Relating to Elections -- Deceptive and Fraudulent Synthetic Media in Election Communications
Rhode Island's 2025 election deepfake law (R.I. Gen. Laws ch. 17-30) bars candidates, campaign committees, PACs, party committees and independent spenders from distributing synthetic media they know or should know is deceptive and fraudulent within 90 days of an election. Synthetic media is an image, audio or video of a person intentionally manipulated with generative adversarial network techniques or other digital technology to look real but give a fundamentally different impression. A clear disclosure that the media 'has been manipulated or generated by artificial intelligence' is a safe harbor. Depicted candidates may seek injunctions and damages. Effective on passage.
Relating to Criminal Offenses -- Impersonation and Identity Fraud
Rhode Island's 2026 identity fraud amendment defines a forged digital likeness as a computer- or other electronic system-generated visual representation of an identifiable person, or an audio recording of their voice, made to closely resemble a genuine one, likely to deceive, and created and distributed without consent. Digital forgery, knowingly creating or distributing such a likeness as genuine to facilitate fraud, is now felony identity fraud under 11-49.1-3(a)(8). The act also covers impersonating an entity with intent to defraud. Constitutionally protected activity, law enforcement and providers or developers of the underlying technology are excepted. Effective on passage.
Relating to Criminal Offenses -- Impersonation and Identity Fraud
Rhode Island's 2026 identity fraud amendment defines a forged digital likeness as a computer- or other electronic system-generated visual representation of an identifiable person, or an audio recording of their voice, made to closely resemble a genuine one, likely to deceive, and created and distributed without consent. Digital forgery, knowingly creating or distributing such a likeness as genuine to facilitate fraud, is now felony identity fraud under 11-49.1-3(a)(8). The act also covers impersonating an entity with intent to defraud. Constitutionally protected activity, law enforcement and providers or developers of the underlying technology are excepted. Effective on passage.
Excellence in Maryland Public Schools Act
Maryland HB 504 (2025), the Excellence in Maryland Public Schools Act, is a broad education bill with one AI provision. Section 4 provides that, from the 2025-2026 through the 2027-2028 school year, the digital-tool nonvisual and equivalent-access requirements of Education 7-910 do not apply to the procurement and use of a digital tool that uses artificial intelligence, as defined in State Finance and Procurement 3.5-801, to support student learning. Section 4 remains effective for three years and is abrogated after June 30, 2028. Effective July 1, 2025.
Intimate Image Distribution Prohibition
Utah HB 193 (2021) created the offense of unlawful distribution of a counterfeit intimate image. A counterfeit intimate image is any visual depiction, including a computer-generated one, edited, manipulated or altered to depict the likeness of an identifiable person nude or engaged in sexual conduct. Distributing one without the person's consent, knowing or having reason to know it would cause emotional distress or harm, is a crime, with an aggravated offense when the person depicted is a child. Law enforcement and crime-reporting activity is exempt.
Utah Legal Personhood Amendments
Utah HB 249 (2024) enacts Utah Code 63G-31-101 and -102, which provide that a governmental entity may not grant or recognize legal personhood in artificial intelligence or in other listed nonhumans such as inanimate objects, bodies of water, land, plants and nonhuman animals. Effective May 1, 2024.
Criminal Justice Amendments
Utah HB 366 (2024) is a criminal justice bill whose AI-relevant provisions limit algorithmic decision-making. Courts may not rely solely on an algorithm or a risk assessment tool score when deciding on diversion or determining a sentence (Utah Code 77-18-103). The Administrative Office of the Courts must collect data on risk assessment scores. Other provisions on the sentencing commission chair and escape offenses are unrelated to AI. Effective May 1, 2024.
Governor's Office of Economic Opportunity Amendments
Utah SB 84 (2024) is a Governor's Office of Economic Opportunity bill containing an AI program. New Utah Code 63N-3-1301 and -1302 create the Innovation in Artificial Intelligence Grant Pilot Program, under which GOEO, subject to available funds, awards grants to a business that partners with a public or private school to develop a program, materials and curriculum teaching K-12 students a course on artificial intelligence with practical training for technology careers. The act sets application and evaluation criteria, written grant agreements, rulemaking and annual reports. Effective May 1, 2024.
Public Surveillance Prohibition Amendments
Utah SB 231 (2024) defines biometric surveillance information as analysis of surveillance information using biometric software to identify a person or their location from physical attributes, and bars a government entity from obtaining it without a warrant, subject to listed exceptions. Entities must adopt policies on the use, management and auditing of such information. The act also amends the definition of a facial recognition comparison in the 2021 facial recognition chapter so it excludes biometric surveillance information. Effective May 1, 2024.
Facial recognition technology; authorized uses.
Virginia SB 741 (2022) replaced the 2021 local police ban with a regulated framework. Local police, campus police and the State Police may use facial recognition only for listed authorized uses, with systems approved by the Division of Purchases and Supply and evaluated by NIST at 98 percent true-positive accuracy or better with minimal demographic variation. The State Police publish a model policy, agencies report annually, a match cannot by itself establish probable cause for a warrant, and misuse is a Class 3 misdemeanor. The act states its provisions expire July 1, 2026.
Law-enforcement agencies; surveillance technology reporting.
Virginia HB 1496 (2024) creates an annual inventory of police surveillance technology. Every state and local law-enforcement agency and sheriff's office must give the Department of Criminal Justice Services a list of the surveillance technologies it has procured by November 1 each year. Surveillance technology expressly includes biometric surveillance technology such as facial, voice, iris and gait recognition software and databases, and software that integrates or analyzes surveillance data, including predictive policing software. DCJS shares the lists with the State Crime Commission and the Joint Commission on Technology and Science. Effective July 1, 2024.
Motor vehicles; use of personal delivery devices to transport cargo; authorize
Georgia's HB 1009 (Act 814 of 2022) authorizes delivery robots. A personal delivery device is a powered vehicle that uses an automated driving system to transport cargo, carries no passengers and weighs at most 500 pounds empty or 600 pounds loaded. Devices may operate on sidewalks and on highways with lower speed limits, must yield to pedestrians, meet equipment rules and may not carry hazardous materials. An individual able to control navigation and operation must monitor each device while it operates, and operators need at least $250,000 of liability insurance. Local governments may limit operations, and violations carry civil penalties.
sexual assault kits; victim notification
Arizona HB 2482 (Laws 2023, ch. 154) moves the law enforcement crime victim notification fund to A.R.S. 41-2414 and puts it under the Arizona Criminal Justice Commission, which must use it to expand the state's automated crime victim notification system. The funded software must, among other things, "allow victims to leverage conversational artificial intelligence for bidirectional real-time communication with law enforcement agencies through voice, text messages and emails," with a virtual agent that answers and asks questions based on the victim's questions and responses. The act also set up a temporary sexual assault kit study committee. Approved May 19, 2023.
Establishes "New Jersey Advanced Autonomous Vehicle Task Force."
New Jersey's AJR 164, enacted as P.L. 2019, Joint Resolution No. 2, created the New Jersey Advanced Autonomous Vehicle Task Force to study vehicles with SAE driving automation level 3, 4 or 5 and recommend laws to integrate them safely on state roads. Its 11 members include the Transportation Commissioner, the Motor Vehicle Commission chief administrator and public members with autonomous vehicle expertise. Within 180 days of its first meeting it had to report on state laws that may impede testing, on licensing, insurance, liability and infrastructure, and recommend pilot programs. It took effect immediately on approval (March 18, 2019) and expires when the report is issued.
Data Privacy Amendments
Utah H.B. 444 (2025) amends the Government Data Privacy Act for state and local governmental entities. It defines "automated decision making" (decisions about a person by automated processing without human review) and says high-risk processing activities may include facial recognition technology and automated decision making. Each entity must describe its high-risk processing in an annual privacy program report, and the Utah Office of Data Privacy, which monitors high-risk processing, must help identify best practices on automated decision making and synthetic data. It applies to government, not businesses. Passed by two-thirds, it took effect when signed on March 27, 2025.
FAIR Act Fair Artificial Intelligence Realization Act of 2025
The federal H.R. 5315 (FAIR Act, Fair Artificial Intelligence Realization Act of 2025) would require each federal agency to procure, after enactment, only large language models developed under four principles: truthfulness, historical accuracy and objectivity, neutrality that does not favor ideological dogmas such as diversity, equity, and inclusion, and no intentionally encoded partisan or ideological judgments unless prompted by or readily accessible to the user. Referred to the House Oversight Committee September 11, 2025; it has not passed either chamber.
Sunset Public Utilities Commission
Colorado HB26-1326 continues the Public Utilities Commission to 2033 and changes many utility and carrier rules. Its AI-relevant provision is Section 23: a transportation network company (TNC) must run periodic checks using facial recognition software, or equally or more effective technology approved by the commission, to prevent driver impersonation, under commission rules. TNCs that mainly serve schools or government and meet at least 90% of the school-contract safety rules are exempt. Impersonating a TNC driver becomes a class 2 misdemeanor, or a class 6 felony during a felony. Signed May 29, 2026.
Automated vehicle network companies and autonomous vehicle operations
North Dakota's HB 1418 (2019) authorizes driverless operation. An autonomous vehicle with its automated driving system engaged needs no human driver on public highways if it can reach a minimal risk condition, such as a safe stop, when the system fails. Such vehicles must comply with traffic, registration, title and insurance laws, and a person riding in one while the system performs the whole driving task is not driving it and needs no license. On-demand autonomous vehicle networks may carry people or goods, including for hire and shared rides. State agencies and local governments may not impose autonomous-vehicle-specific performance standards, taxes or fees.
AN ACT to amend and reenact subsection 8 of section 1-01-49 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to the definition of person; and to declare an emergency.
North Dakota's HB 1361 (2023) amends the general definition of 'person' in N.D.C.C. 1-01-49, which applies throughout the Century Code. A person means an individual, organization, government, political subdivision, or government agency or instrumentality, and the term does not include artificial intelligence, environmental elements, an animal or an inanimate object. AI therefore cannot be treated as a legal person under North Dakota law. The act was declared an emergency measure.
Motor vehicles; creating the Oklahoma Driving Automation System Uniformity Act. Conditional effective date.
Oklahoma's SB 365 (2019) creates the Oklahoma Driving Automation System Uniformity Act. Only the State of Oklahoma may enact a law or take other action to regulate the operation of motor vehicles equipped with driving automation systems, meaning hardware and software able to perform part or all of the driving task on a sustained basis (SAE levels 1 to 5). Counties and municipalities may not prohibit, restrict or regulate the operation of such vehicles because they have driving automation systems, and existing local laws or ordinances restricting their testing or operation are superseded.
Personal delivery devices; authorizing certain use; limiting certain jurisdictional powers. Effective date.
Oklahoma's SB 706 (2021) authorizes delivery robots. Personal delivery devices are electrically powered cargo devices of up to 550 pounds equipped with automated driving technology for operation with remote support and supervision. Devices may use sidewalks, crosswalks and local roads if they carry an identifying number and operator contact information, obey traffic signals, do not exceed 10 mph on sidewalks, have a controlled-stop system and lights, and do not carry placarded hazardous materials. Operators need $100,000 of liability insurance. Local governments may ban them but not regulate their design. Effective November 1, 2021.
ELECTIONEERING COMMUNICATIONS – Freedom From AI-Rigged (FAIR) Elections Act: relief and actions over synthetic media in electioneering communications
Idaho's H 664 (2024), the Freedom From AI-Rigged (FAIR) Elections Act, targets deepfakes in campaign ads. Synthetic media is audio or video of a person's speech or conduct created with generative adversarial network techniques or other digital technology so that it seems real but shows something that did not happen. A candidate deceptively shown in synthetic media in an electioneering communication may seek an injunction and sue the content creator for damages and attorney's fees. Including the disclosure 'This (video/audio) has been manipulated', shown or read as the law specifies, is an affirmative defense. It took effect March 25, 2024.
CRIMINAL PROCEDURE – Adds to existing law to provide certain requirements and restrictions for pretrial risk assessment tools.
Idaho's H 118 (2019) requires transparency for algorithmic pretrial risk assessment tools, which score factors to estimate a defendant's risk and recommend bail or release conditions. All such tools must be transparent: the documents, data, records and information used to build or validate them, and their ongoing usage and validation policies, are open to public inspection, auditing and testing. A criminal defendant whose case involved a tool may review all calculations and data behind their own risk score, and no builder or user may claim trade secret or other intellectual property protection to block that discovery. Effective July 1, 2019.
Use of digitally altered media in elections
Indiana's HB 1133 (P.L. 81-2024) regulates deepfakes in campaign ads. Fabricated media includes undetectably altered recordings, lifelike artificially generated imitations of a person made without consent, and media of an artificially generated person. If a campaign communication includes fabricated media depicting a candidate, whoever paid for it must include the disclaimer 'Elements of this media have been digitally altered or artificially generated,' shown or read as the law specifies. A depicted candidate may sue for damages, injunctive relief and attorney's fees if the disclaimer is missing. It took effect on passage.
Transportation; authorize the use of autonomous motor vehicles.
Mississippi's SB 2676 (2015) would have authorized autonomous motor vehicles on the state's highways, requiring a human operator seated to take immediate manual control, and would have required the Department of Public Safety to create a driver's license endorsement for operating them. It was recommitted to committee and died in committee on February 10, 2015.
Generally revise laws related to privacy and facial recognition technology
Montana's SB 397 (Chapter 781 of 2023), the Facial Recognition for Government Use Act, bars state and local agencies, law enforcement, public employees and officials from using continuous facial surveillance and, with exceptions, from obtaining or using facial recognition technology or contracting vendors for it. The Department of Justice and local police may use it in criminal investigations under restrictions, including a warrant requirement, must tell defendants before trial, and must report use annually. Agencies may use facial verification only under a written use and privacy policy, with notice, vendor retention limits and human review training. People harmed may sue.
To amend the law concerning autonomous vehicles
Arkansas's HB 1562 (Act 619 of 2021) updates the state's autonomous vehicle law. Autonomous and fully autonomous vehicles operate under State Highway Commission pilot programs, which must show the vehicles obey traffic laws, including at railroad crossings unless exempted, reach a minimal risk condition if the automated driving system fails, meet federal safety standards, and that a remote operator can meet crash duties. On-demand driverless capable vehicle networks may carry passengers or goods. Human and remote operators need valid driver's licenses, local governments may not add AV requirements or taxes, and the original maker of a vehicle a third party converts into an AV is not liable.
An Act Concerning Motor Vehicle Registration Notice, the International Registration Plan, Carriers, School Buses, the Medical Advisory Board, Reserved Parking Spaces, Autonomous Vehicles and Other Motor Vehicle Statutes
Sections 17 and 18 of Connecticut's Public Act 19-119 revise the state's fully autonomous vehicle testing pilot program. The Office of Policy and Management runs the program in up to four municipalities, each of which signs an agreement with testers setting routes, vehicles and hours. Testing is allowed only if a trained, licensed operator is physically inside the vehicle (no longer necessarily in the driver's seat), monitoring it and able to take immediate manual control, and each vehicle is registered with the DMV. Testing on limited-access highways is barred, OPM may halt unsafe testing, and testers must share performance information. Both sections were effective on passage.
Enacts the "political artificial intelligence disclaimer (PAID) act"; requires political communications that use synthetic media to disclose that they were created with the assistance of artificial intelligence; requires committees that use synthetic media to maintain records of such usage.
New York's S 2414, the political artificial intelligence disclaimer (PAID) act, would amend Election Law § 14-106 so political communications produced by or including synthetic media (media fully or partly created or modified by AI algorithms) carry the statement "This political communication was created with the assistance of artificial intelligence." Committees would also have to keep and file records of synthetic media use. Referred to Elections January 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Requests a study of the use of facial recognition data by law enforcement
Louisiana's HR 199 is a House resolution, adopted 65-30 on June 10, 2021, that requests the House Committees on Administration of Criminal Justice and on Judiciary to jointly study law enforcement's use of facial recognition data, how it is obtained, and its use in investigations and legal proceedings, taking information from groups including the Department of Justice, police and sheriffs' associations, the ACLU and the NAACP. Their report, due February 1, 2022, was to include search, arrest and conviction statistics and recommendations on legislation to safeguard due process, privacy and civil liberties. As a resolution of one chamber, it does not change the law.
Technology Transparency
South Carolina's H 3401, 'Technology Transparency', would add Chapter 31 to Title 37. It would bar government entities from working with social media platforms on content moderation, give consumers rights to opt out of profiling with significant effects, require search engines to publish plain-language ranking parameters, and require data protection assessments. Introduced January 14, 2025 and referred to the House Judiciary Committee; it has not passed either chamber.
Regulate artificial intelligence in media and political advertisements under the Nebraska Political Accountability and Disclosure Act
Not law. Nebraska LB1203 (2024), introduced by Senator John Cavanaugh, would have required a clear and conspicuous AI disclosure on paid political ads generated wholly or substantially by AI, and barred knowingly distributing materially deceptive AI media within 90 days before an election with intent to harm a candidate and deceive voters, unless it carried a disclaimer. Remedies were permanent injunctions only. Indefinitely postponed April 18, 2024.
Autonomous Vehicles
Florida's HB 311 lets fully autonomous vehicles operate in Florida whether or not a human operator is in the vehicle, needing no licensed human operator, and deems the automated driving system the operator when engaged. Fully autonomous vehicles must be able to reach a minimal risk condition if the system fails. On-demand autonomous vehicle networks follow transportation network company law, with $1 million primary liability, PIP and uninsured motorist coverage while logged on. Local governments may not impose taxes, fees or other requirements on autonomous vehicles. Approved June 13, 2019 (Chapter 2019-101); effective July 1, 2019.
Requires OIT to develop NJ generative artificial intelligence program and implement artificial intelligence education courses with county governments; appropriates $1.5 million.
New Jersey's A4821 would require the Office of Information Technology to develop a New Jersey generative AI program, available to the public, that uses natural language processing to respond to prompts, and to run an annual safety test on it. OIT would also coordinate with counties on AI courses, and the bill appropriates $1,000,000 for the program and $500,000 for county grants. Introduced September 19, 2024. A bill of the Legislature's 2024-2025 session, which ended January 13, 2026.
Law enforcement agencies: facial recognition technology.
California's AB 1814 (2023-24 Regular Session) would add Penal Code section 13661 to bar a law enforcement agency or peace officer from using a facial recognition technology match as the sole basis for probable cause to arrest or search, and bar a judge from granting a warrant application based solely on a match. It passed the Assembly 70-0 but was held under submission in Senate Appropriations on August 15, 2024 and was not passed before the session ended.
A bill for an act relating to the use of synthetic media in campaign materials, and making penalties applicable. (Formerly HSB 643.)
Iowa's HF 2609 (formerly HSB 643) would require published campaign material containing synthetic media (realistic but false digitally manipulated images, audio or video of a real person) to carry the words "THIS CONTENT GENERATED USING SYNTHETIC MEDIA." The responsible person bears sole responsibility. Passed the House 89-2 on March 12, 2026 as amended; in Senate subcommittee March 17, 2026.
Requires OIT to develop NJ generative artificial intelligence program and implement artificial intelligence education courses with county governments; appropriates $1.5 million.
New Jersey's A2616 would require the Office of Information Technology to develop a public New Jersey generative AI program and coordinate AI education courses with counties. It would appropriate $1,000,000 for the program and $500,000 for grants to counties, both from the General Fund. Pre-filed for introduction in the 2026 session.
ICE Out of Our Faces Act
The federal H.R. 7363 (ICE Out of Our Faces Act) would make it unlawful for any covered immigration officer (officers, employees, agents and contractors of ICE or CBP and officials deputized under INA section 287(g)) to acquire, possess, access or use in the United States any biometric surveillance system, including facial recognition, or information from one run by another entity. Data collected would have to be deleted within 30 days after enactment. Introduced February 4, 2026 and referred to the House Judiciary and Homeland Security committees (and the Border Security and Enforcement Subcommittee); no further action.
AN ACT relating to protection of information and declaring an emergency.
Kentucky's HB 672 (2025 session) would have required state departments and agencies to route generative and high-risk AI through an Artificial Intelligence Governance Committee created by the Commonwealth Office of Technology. It would have required approval, a public registry, disclaimers on AI-generated decisions and outputs, risk management policies and impact assessments for high-risk systems, employee training, and regulations by July 1, 2025. It also would have let candidates and election officers sue over undisclosed synthetic media in election ads. Referred to House State Government; died. SB 4 (2025), with the same title, was enacted instead (Acts Ch. 66).
Prohibits and imposes criminal penalty on disclosure of certain intentionally deceptive audio or visual media within 90 days of election.
New Jersey's S2129 would make it a fourth-degree crime to knowingly or recklessly disclose, or to solicit, intentionally deceptive audio or visual media (deepfakes) within 90 days of an election with intent to deceive a voter with false information; a repeat offense would be third-degree. Voters and depicted candidates could sue, and media carrying a prescribed disclaimer would be excepted.
Elections; criminal offense of election interference with a deep fake and solicitation; establish
Georgia's SB 392 (2023-2024 session) would have created the offense of election interference with a deep fake: creating, publishing, broadcasting, streaming or uploading a deep fake within 90 days of an election with intent to deceive electors in order to reduce a candidate's chance of being elected or otherwise influence an election or referendum. A deep fake created by or at the request of a candidate depicting that same candidate would be excluded. The bill was read and referred in the Senate on January 25, 2024, went no further, and died when the 2023-2024 session ended.
Includes communications generated using artificial intelligence in the definition of falsely reporting an incident in the third degree.
New York's A 9185 would amend Penal Law § 240.50 (falsely reporting an incident in the third degree) so that each of its four types of false report, including false reports of crimes, emergencies, offenses to law enforcement, and child or vulnerable-person abuse to central registers, expressly covers reports made "including using artificial intelligence or generative artificial intelligence," as defined in General Business Law § 1700. The offense stays a class A misdemeanor. Would take effect immediately. Introduced October 17, 2025 and referred to the Codes Committee (again January 7, 2026); it has not passed either chamber.
Recognizing the exclusive constitutional authority of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court to regulate the practice of law in this Commonwealth and urging the Court to adopt safeguards governing the use of artificial intelligence by attorneys and judges.
Pennsylvania's HR 331 (2025-26) is a House resolution, so it would not change the law. It would recognize the Pennsylvania Supreme Court's exclusive authority to regulate the practice of law and urge the Court to adopt rules on AI use by attorneys and judges, such as signed certifications that legal citations were verified and required AI training. It was referred to the House Judiciary Committee on September 29, 2025.
Relating To Artificial Intelligence.
Hawaii's HB 2591 (2026) would have required the State's Chief Data Officer to turn the open data portal into a hub with an AI chatbot and data visualizations on statewide shared data sets, and to set up a system to evaluate AI governance tools and collect agency reports of AI use cases and vendors. It would have appropriated $2,000,000 for FY 2026-2027. It was referred to ECD and FIN on February 2, 2026 and was not enacted.
Autonomous Vehicles Amendment Act of 2025
The District of Columbia's B26-0323, the Autonomous Vehicles Amendment Act of 2025, would amend the Autonomous Vehicle Act of 2012 to establish a framework for autonomous vehicle operations, including commercial operations. The captured introduced text would let a fully autonomous vehicle operate without a human driver on public roads if it meets stated conditions. Introduced July 11, 2025 and referred to committee, it is pending in Council Period 26.
Relating To A Wildfire Forecast System For Hawaii.
Hawaii's HB 1924 HD 1 (2024) would have required the University of Hawaii to run a two-year program to develop a statewide wildfire forecast system using artificial intelligence approaches, and to report findings and recommendations before the 2026 session, with a blank general-fund appropriation. It passed House second reading February 14, 2024 and was referred to FIN, but was not enacted.
Artificial Intelligence Wisdom for Innovative Small Enterprises Act AI–WISE Act
The AI-WISE Act would direct the Small Business Administration to create educational modules on artificial intelligence tools for small businesses and make them publicly available on an existing SBA online learning platform. Topics include how AI models work and their limits, spotting AI-generated output, managing AI risks and user-input privacy, keeping humans in important decisions, and judging whether a tool is worth adopting. An advisory working group and NIST would help keep it accurate, and SBA resource partners would spread the word. The House passed it by voice vote on January 20, 2026.
Education - Artificial Intelligence - Study and Regulations
Maryland's HB 1297 (2024, third reader) would have required the State Department of Education to conduct a comprehensive study of the potential use of artificial intelligence in public schools, including best practices for safe, responsible and ethical use and for protecting student and school personnel personal information, report to the Governor and General Assembly by December 1, 2024, and adopt regulations based on the study by June 1, 2025. House amendments replaced the first-reader guidelines, inventory, policy and pilot program provisions with this study. It passed the House 134-5, was referred to a Senate committee March 18, 2024, and died when the session ended.
Creates new provisions governing autonomous vehicles
Missouri's SB 1050 would let a person operate a fully autonomous vehicle on public roads without a human driver while the automated driving system is engaged, if the vehicle can reach a minimal risk condition after a system failure, can comply with state traffic laws, and carries any federally required certification label. Operators would have to show proof of insurance or self-insurance, and local governments could not ban or specially tax these vehicles. A Senate committee hearing was held January 27, 2026; the bill died when the 2026 regular session ended in May 2026 without being truly agreed to and finally passed.
Maryland Artificial Intelligence Advisory and Oversight Commission
Maryland's SB 1087 (2024) would have created a 10-member Maryland Artificial Intelligence Advisory and Oversight Commission (new State Finance and Procurement section 3.5-205) to guide the State in growing, developing, using and diversifying AI, with reports to the Governor and General Assembly by December 1, 2024 and annually. A Senate committee hearing was set for February 22, 2024; it went no further and died when the session ended.
Election Law - Influencing a Voter By Dissemination of a Deepfake - Prohibition
Maryland's HB 525 (2025, third reader) would have made it unlawful to influence or attempt to influence a voter's decision, with fraudulent intent, by disseminating a deepfake: a realistic but false depiction of a person (new Election Law section 16-905). A violation would have been a misdemeanor (fine up to $5,000, up to 5 years, or both). It passed the House 127-10 and was referred to the Senate Rules Committee on April 4, 2025, with no further action; it died when the session ended.
Election Law - Campaign Materials - Disclosure of Use of Synthetic Media
Maryland's HB 740 (2025) would have required candidates, campaign finance entities, certain registrants and their agents to include a disclosure when they distribute campaign material made with or containing synthetic media (an image, audio or video intentionally manipulated with generative AI or other digital technology to create a realistic but false depiction of a real individual's appearance, speech or conduct) to anyone in Maryland. Violations would have been a misdemeanor (fine up to $1,000, up to 1 year, or both). A hearing was set for February 11, 2025; it went no further and died when the session ended.
State Department of Education and Department of Information Technology - Evaluation on Artificial Intelligence in Public Schools
Maryland's HB 981 (2025) would have required the State Department of Education to evaluate the use of artificial intelligence in public schools: a survey of every county board (distributed by August 1, 2025, returned by October 1, 2025), a review of AI systems with the Department of Information Technology, an interim report by January 1, 2026 and a final report by December 15, 2026. A hearing was set for February 24, 2025, and the bill died when the session ended.
Education - Artificial Intelligence - Guidelines and Professional Development
Maryland's HB 1391 (2025, third reader) would have added Education Article subtitle 22 (sections 7-2201 to 7-2203) on artificial intelligence in schools: the State Department of Education would develop and periodically update K-12 guidance on classroom AI use and promote AI training, and the CTE committees would have to use that guidance before adding AI to career and technical education plans. It passed the House 128-11 and was referred to a Senate committee March 17, 2025; it died when the session ended.
State Department of Education and Department of Information Technology - Evaluation on Artificial Intelligence in Public Schools
Maryland's SB 704 (2025) would have required the State Department of Education to evaluate the use of artificial intelligence in public schools: a survey of every county board (sent by August 1, 2025, returned by October 1, 2025), a review of available AI systems with the Department of Information Technology, an interim report by January 1, 2026 and a final report by December 15, 2026. A Senate committee hearing was set for February 21, 2025; the bill went no further and died when the session ended.
Education - Artificial Intelligence - Guidelines, Professional Development, and Task Force
Maryland's SB 906 (2025) would have added Education Article subtitle 22 (sections 7-2201 to 7-2203): by August 1, 2026 the State Department of Education would develop K-12 guidance on classroom AI use, publish separate guidance for students, teachers and administrators, keep a list of approved AI tools, assess local systems, and receive county AI reports; a Task Force on AI in K-12 Education would report by December 1, 2026. It was referred to the Senate Education, Energy, and the Environment Committee with a hearing set for March 7, 2025, and died when the session ended.
Relating To A Statewide Data And Artificial Intelligence Governance And Decision Intelligence Center.
Hawaii's HB 726 (2025) would have created a statewide data and artificial intelligence governance and decision intelligence center within the Office of Enterprise Technology Services, under the chief data officer, to enable agency data sharing, implement data and AI policies and governance tools, and run an integrated data and AI platform. It was referred to ECD and FIN on January 21, 2025, carried over to 2026 on December 8, 2025 and was not enacted.
Requesting The Hawaii Civil Rights Commission To Examine The Applicability Of Existing State Anti-discrimination Laws To Algorithmic And Automated Decision Systems.
Hawaii's House Concurrent Resolution 192 (2026) would have requested the Hawaii Civil Rights Commission to examine how existing state anti-discrimination laws apply to algorithmic and automated decision systems, and to report before the 2027 session. The House adopted it April 9, 2026, but in the Senate it was only received and referred to JDC on April 10, 2026; it was adopted by the House but not the other chamber and died. A concurrent resolution does not change the law.
Prohibits employers from engaging in discrimination on the basis of a protected class when using artificial intelligence for recruitment, hiring, promotion, renewal of employment, selection for training or apprenticeship, discharge, discipline, tenure, or the terms, privileges, or conditions of…
New York's S 9028 would amend the Executive Law (Human Rights Law) to make it an unlawful discriminatory practice for an employer to use artificial intelligence in recruitment, hiring, promotion, discharge, discipline or other employment terms in a way that has the effect of subjecting employees to discrimination on protected classes, or to use zip codes as a proxy for them, or to fail to notify employees of such AI use. Referred to the Senate Investigations and Government Operations Committee January 23, 2026; it has not passed either house.
Establishes the position of chief artificial intelligence officer and such person's functions, powers and duties; including, but not limited to, developing statewide artificial intelligence policies and governance, coordinating the activities of any and all state departments, boards, commissions…
New York's S 933 would create an office of artificial intelligence headed by a chief artificial intelligence officer, appointed by the Governor with the advice and consent of the Senate, to develop statewide AI policies and governance and coordinate state agencies' use of AI tools and automated decision-making systems. It would also create an advisory committee on state AI policy. Passed the Senate on March 5, 2026 and was delivered to the Assembly and referred to its Governmental Operations Committee; it has not passed the Assembly.
Requires school districts to provide instruction on artificial intelligence; requires Secretary of Higher Education to develop artificial intelligence model curricula.
New Jersey's A 4352 would require each school district to include instruction on artificial intelligence in the curriculum for grades K-12 and require each public institution of higher education to offer AI certificate and degree programs. The Secretary of Higher Education would develop AI model curricula for four-year institutions and for county colleges. Introduced February 19, 2026 and referred to the Assembly Science, Innovation and Technology Committee; it has not passed either house.
Relating To A Wildfire Forecast System For Hawaii.
Hawaii's SB 2284 (Act 200 of 2024) required the University of Hawaii to establish and implement a two-year program to develop a statewide wildfire forecast system using artificial intelligence, to forecast wildfire risk and improve public safety, preparedness and risk mitigation, including firefighter preparedness and helping residents take fire mitigation measures and plan evacuations. It appropriated $1,000,000 in general funds for fiscal year 2024-2025 and required a report on the program's effectiveness, with any proposed legislation, at least 20 days before the 2026 session. Became Act 200 July 5, 2024; effective July 1, 2024.
Relating To Artificial Intelligence.
Hawaii's HB 1676 HD 1 (2026) would have created an AI in Education Task Force within the University of Hawaii to develop model statewide guidance, data privacy and vendor transparency standards and other recommendations on AI in education. It passed the House, but the Senate EDU and LBT committees deferred it March 23, 2026, and it was not enacted.
Relating To Correctional Institutions.
Hawaii's SB 2860 (2024) would have required the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation to study the feasibility of using artificial intelligence technology to improve safety for staff and inmates in correctional institutions, report findings and recommendations before the 2026 session, and appropriated a blank amount for fiscal year 2024-2025. It was referred to PSM and WAM on January 24, 2024 and died when the 2024 session ended.
A BILL for an Act to provide for a department of transportation study regarding autonomous and semiautonomous vehicle technologies; and to provide a legislative management report.
North Dakota's HB 1614 (2025), as engrossed, would have required the Department of Transportation to study autonomous and semiautonomous vehicle technologies during the 2025-26 interim, covering infrastructure readiness, review of accident and traffic data, accident liability rules, and privacy and data-security vulnerabilities, and to report to legislative management before August 1, 2026. The House passed it 84-9 on February 24, 2025, but the Senate defeated it 2-43 on March 31, 2025, so it died.
Establishes Deep Fake Technology Unit in DLPS; appropriates $2 million.
New Jersey's S 2130 (as introduced) would have the Attorney General, consulting the state Chief Technology Officer, establish a Deep Fake Technology Unit in the Division of Criminal Justice to give State and local law enforcement, prosecutors and courts technical assistance, expertise and training on deceptive audio or visual media, including analyzing evidence and giving expert testimony. The unit would issue annual reports beginning one year after it forms, and $2 million would be appropriated from the General Fund. Introduced January 13, 2026 and referred to the Senate Law and Public Safety Committee; it has not passed either house.
Promoting economic development with emerging artificial intelligence models and safety
Massachusetts' S 37 would create an Artificial Intelligence Innovation Trust Fund for grants to AI developers and research, and a new Chapter 93M on frontier AI models. Developers of covered models (trained with more than 10^26 operations costing over $100 million) would need safety protocols, annual third-party reviews and 72-hour incident reports to the attorney general. The committee reported a new draft, S 2630, instead of S 37 on October 16, 2025; S 37 itself did not advance.
Education for Filmmakers Pilot Program.
California's AB 2544 (2025-26 Regular Session), the Education for Filmmakers Pilot Program, would have required the Governor's Office of Business and Economic Development (GO-Biz) to run a pilot program delivering workforce-centered AI literacy instruction focused on entertainment-industry careers, in partnership with unions, guilds, employers and film schools. It was re-referred to committee March 23, 2026 and was not passed before the session ended.
Requesting The Department Of The Attorney General To Convene A Youth Digital Safety And Platform Accountability Working Group To Examine Technology-facilitated Abuse In The State And Develop Recommendations For Regulatory Safeguards.
Hawaii's Senate Resolution 41 (2026) would have requested the Attorney General to convene a Youth Digital Safety and Platform Accountability Working Group to examine technology-facilitated abuse, including the impact of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence on gender-based violence and youth safety, and to recommend regulatory safeguards, with a report due 20 days before the 2027 session. It was referred to Senate committees on March 19, 2026 and never adopted. A resolution does not change the law.
Prohibits the use of biometric identifying technology in schools for any reason other than certain specified purposes; adds fingerprint identification of teachers, administrators and students for the purpose of securely logging into a digital device for academic and administrative purpose to…
New York's A 6720-A would amend State Technology Law § 106-b so that public and nonpublic elementary and secondary schools, including charter schools, may not buy or use biometric identifying technology for any purpose, including school security, apart from listed uses. The bill would drop the current path under which the education commissioner can authorize it, and would add fingerprint logins to digital devices to the allowed uses. Introduced March 11, 2025, amended April 16, 2025 and referred to the Education Committee January 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Relative to issuing guidance regarding setting policies for the use of AI in schools
Massachusetts' H 614 would require the Commissioner of Elementary and Secondary Education to issue guidelines for school districts and charter schools on student and teacher use of AI. The guidance would cover AI's benefits and limitations, safe use, equity implications and factors for setting school AI policies, after at least three public hearings. Referred to the Education Committee February 27, 2025; hearing November 12, 2025; reporting date extended to March 18, 2026. It has not passed either chamber.
Pupil instruction: digital wellness.
AB 2071 amended Education Code Sections 51928 and 51929. By January 1, 2028, the State Department of Education must develop a plan to expand digital wellness instruction in public schools. The plan must include age-appropriate resources, strategies for keeping curriculum current with rapidly evolving digital and artificial intelligence technology, guidance for under-resourced schools, family engagement, and educator support. The bill's findings cite the effects of AI-powered technologies and AI-generated content on youth.
Urging The Leadership Of The Department Of Law Enforcement To Periodically Undergo Training On Crimes Relating To Artificial Intelligence Technology.
Hawaii's House Concurrent Resolution 65 (2024) would have urged the Director, Deputy Directors and Administrators of the Department of Law Enforcement to train on crimes relating to artificial intelligence, including deepfakes, at least every two years. It was referred to House committees on March 8, 2024 and never adopted; it died at the end of the biennium. A resolution does not change the law.
Provides that a person may operate a fully autonomous vehicle on the public roads of this state without a human driver provided that the automated driving system is engaged and the vehicle meets certain conditions; defines terms; requires insurance and that such vehicle is registered as a fully…
New York's A 4901-B (same as S 344-B) would add Article 34-E to the Vehicle and Traffic Law, letting a person operate a fully autonomous vehicle (gross vehicle weight rating of 10,000 pounds or less) on public roads without a human driver if the automated driving system is engaged and the vehicle can reach a minimal risk condition after a system failure. Operators would need to file insurance proof and a law enforcement interaction plan, and registration and title would be marked as fully autonomous. Referred to the Transportation Committee; amended and recommitted April 24, 2026. It has not passed either chamber.
Prohibits the use of biometric surveillance system or biometric surveillance information in places of public accommodation; prohibits entering into any agreement that authorizes any third party to use any biometric surveillance system or biometric surveillance information; provides penalties for…
New York's A 6211 (same as S 8004) would add Civil Rights Law § 40-h, making it unlawful for an owner, manager, employee or other agent of a place or provider of public accommodation to use a biometric surveillance system or biometric surveillance information, or to let a third party do so on its behalf. It would also require written notice and consent before collecting biometric information. Referred to the Assembly Governmental Operations Committee in February 2025 and again January 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Prohibits the use of biometric surveillance technology by law enforcement; establishes the biometric surveillance regulation task force; and provides for the expiration and repeal of certain provisions
New York's S 5609 (same as A 1045) would add Executive Law §§ 837-y and 236 to bar police agencies, police officers, peace officers and the state police from acquiring, possessing, accessing, installing, activating or using biometric surveillance systems (such as facial recognition) or information derived from them. A 12-member task force would study whether to allow police use. Reported from the Senate Internet and Technology Committee and committed to Codes February 25, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Requires legislative members to verify attendance on legislative session days via an identification card system and facial recognition technology.
New York's A 11119 would add Legislative Law § 5-c, requiring every member of the Assembly and Senate to verify daily attendance on session days through a biometric facial recognition system tied to an identification card in each chamber. A photograph taken when the card is used would confirm the cardholder is the elected member. Referred to the Assembly Governmental Operations Committee April 24, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Artificial Intelligence
Not law: died in subcommittee. Florida's HB 1395 (2026) would have created an "Artificial Intelligence Bill of Rights" (new part IX of ch. 501): parental consent and controls for minors on companion chatbot platforms, an hourly not-human pop-up for bots, a ban on selling users' personal information unless deidentified, and consent for commercial use of generative-AI likenesses. It would also have barred government AI contracts with foreign-country-of-concern entities. It died on March 13, 2026.
Creates the RI Pedestrian Safety Act allows cities and town to use automated safety monitoring which a civil fine of $50 for violations.
The RI Pedestrian Safety Act authorizes cities and towns in Rhode Island to use automated safety monitoring systems, imposing a $50 civil fine for speeding and red-light violations.
Internet and E-mail Fraud; the criminal offense of digital identity fraud; establish
SB594 seeks to establish the criminal offense of digital identity fraud in Georgia, providing for criminal and civil penalties, a cause of action and damages, definitions, and repealing conflicting laws.
Artificial intelligence; requiring certain disclosure for certain media. Effective date.
Oklahoma's SB 746 (2025), by Sen. Seifried, would have required political advertisements, electioneering communications and other candidate or election media from a candidate, candidate committee, PAC or party committee to carry the disclosure "Created in whole or in part with the use of generative artificial intelligence" when generative AI content appears to show a real person doing something that did not occur. A depicted candidate could have sued. The bill was referred to the Technology and Telecommunications Committee February 4, 2025 and died when the session ended in 2026 (adjourned May 14, 2026).
Use of artificial intelligence-based tools; covered artificial intelligence, disclosure of use.
Virginia's HB 1294 (2026 Regular Session) would amend Code 19.2-11.14 to require police reports to disclose any use of covered artificial intelligence in a criminal investigation, and to require that AI-assisted report drafts be retained. Continued to 2027 in the House Communications, Technology and Innovation Committee on February 2, 2026.
SCH CD-ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Illinois's HB 2503 (104th General Assembly) would amend the School Code to require the State Board of Education to establish a State Instructional Technology Advisory Board that guides and evaluates education technologies, including AI. With that board, the State Board would develop standards on safety, transparency, data privacy and educational quality for AI used in schools, plus guidance on AI use and AI literacy. Re-referred to the House Rules Committee on April 11, 2025.
Law-enforcement agencies; use of certain technology & interrogation practices; forensic laboratory.
Virginia's HB 1261 (2026 Regular Session) would direct the Department of Criminal Justice Services to set a framework for law-enforcement use of generative AI, machine learning systems and audiovisual surveillance technologies and for interrogations, with model policies and training. Continued to 2027 in committee on February 2, 2026.
An Act to prohibit the use of a deepfake to influence an election and to provide a penalty therefor.
South Dakota's 2025 SB 164 targets election deepfakes. A deepfake is an image, audio or video created or manipulated with AI or other digital technology so realistic that a reasonable person would believe it shows a real person's speech or conduct that did not happen. Disseminating one, or contracting to, with intent to injure a candidate within 90 days of an election, without the disclosure "This (image/video/audio) has been manipulated or generated by artificial intelligence," is a Class 1 misdemeanor. The AG, candidates and depicted people can sue. The act states no effective date.
Political campaign advertisements; synthetic media, penalty.
Virginia's SB 141 (2026 Regular Session) would have required electioneering communications with synthetic media to carry a conspicuous statement, with a civil penalty up to $25,000 and a Class 1 misdemeanor for willful violations. It passed the Senate 34-4; the House substituted different text, and the bill failed in conference on March 14, 2026.
Eyewitness Identification
Not law: died in committee. Florida's SB 1202 would have amended s. 92.70, F.S., on eyewitness identification: officers would have had to record the eyewitness's description in the offense report, use lineups with the suspect and at least five fillers, make efforts to use a lineup instead of a show-up, and record procedures on audio and video. If facial recognition technology identified a suspect, a lineup could not be held unless there was a basis independent of the facial recognition result. It died in Criminal Justice on March 13, 2026.
Creating an artificial intelligence grant program.
Washington's HB 1833, the Spark Act (second substitute, 2026 session), would have authorized the Department of Commerce to run an artificial intelligence grant program paid for by federal funds, gifts, grants and donations deposited in a new Spark Act grant program account. Applications would have been prioritized for ethical-AI commitments, risk analysis, small businesses and statewide impact, and proposals had to include technology shared with the state. The bill appropriated no money. It passed the House 96-1 on February 17, 2026 but stalled in the Senate and died on March 12.
CTA POLICE DEPARTMENT
Illinois's SB 4070 (104th General Assembly) would amend the Metropolitan Transit Authority Act to require the Chicago Transit Authority to set up a CTA Transit Police Department of sworn officers. It would also require a pilot of AI-based weapon-detection scanners at 5 to 10 stations and hubs and a limited facial recognition pilot. Referred to Assignments February 24, 2026.
Algorithmic Addiction Fund - Establishment
Maryland's HB 1119 (2024) would have created the Algorithmic Addiction Fund, a special nonlapsing fund in the Maryland Department of Health holding revenue the State receives from judgments or settlements with technology or social media companies, to pay for algorithmic addiction research, prevention, intervention and treatment services. A House Appropriations hearing was set for February 28, 2024; it went no further and died when the session ended. The bill does not define "algorithmic addiction" and does not regulate algorithms.
A CONCURRENT RESOLUTION relating to the establishment of the Artificial Intelligence Task Force to study the impact of artificial intelligence on operation and procurement policies of Kentucky government agencies and consumer protection needed in private and public sectors.
Kentucky's HCR 38 (2024 session) is a concurrent resolution that would have directed the Legislative Research Commission to create an Artificial Intelligence Task Force of eight legislators to review AI used in state agency operations and procurement and recommend consumer protection legislation. It would have met at least three times in the 2024 interim and reported by December 1, 2024. The House adopted it 93-0 on January 22, 2024; the Senate referred it to committee and it died. A resolution does not change the law.
ELEC CD-DECEPTIVE MATERIAL
Illinois's HB 3303 (104th General Assembly) would add Section 29-21 to the Election Code. A person could not distribute, or agree to distribute, materially deceptive media within 90 days before an election if the person knows it falsely represents a depicted individual, intends to harm a candidate and to change votes by deceiving electors, and both results are reasonably likely. Re-referred to the House Rules Committee March 27, 2026.
Transportation
Not law: died in committee. Florida's CS/SB 1274 was a broad transportation bill. Its AI-related part would have amended s. 339.85 to create the Next-generation Traffic Signal Modernization Grant Program for signals with "artificial intelligence- and machine learning-enabled" detection, controllers, communications and software, with $20 million a year from FY 2026-2027. It also would have allowed private license plate recognition systems on property the entity owns or controls. It died in Appropriations on March 13, 2026; companion SB 488 became Chapter 2026-39, but its enrolled text has neither provision.
DOIT-AI TASK FORCE
Illinois's HB 3646 (104th General Assembly) would amend the Department of Innovation and Technology Act's Generative AI and Natural Language Processing Task Force. The engrossed bill would require at least 5 hybrid public meetings, one each in Chicago, Springfield, the Metro East, the Quad Cities and Southern Illinois. Passed the House 111-0 on April 11, 2025; re-referred to Senate Assignments June 2, 2025.
Law enforcement; artificial intelligence inventory, civil action.
Virginia's HB 1295 (2026 Regular Session) would add Code 9.1-116.11, requiring every state and local law-enforcement agency and sheriff's department to inventory the covered AI systems it uses and publish the inventory by November 1 each year. Continued to 2027 in the House committee on February 2, 2026.
Relating to artificial intelligence.
Not law. Oregon HB 4103 (2026) would have created the Senator Aaron Woods Commission on Artificial Intelligence within Enterprise Information Services to study state government's use of AI and report annually to the Legislative Assembly by September 1. It would also have required the Department of Administrative Services to employ an individual responsible for the state's privacy, data protection and AI strategy. It passed the Information Management and Technology committee with amendments (A-engrossed) February 20, 2026, went to Ways and Means and was in committee upon adjournment March 6, 2026.
Artificial intelligence; Joint Commission on Technology and Science to study advancements.
Virginia's SJ 14 (2024 Regular Session) was a Senate joint resolution that would have directed the Joint Commission on Technology and Science to study advancements in artificial intelligence, including deepfakes, data privacy, misinformation and discrimination. It would not have changed the law. Continued to 2025 in committee on February 7, 2024; it failed.
AI PRINCIPLES
Illinois's HB 3529 (104th General Assembly) would create the Illinois High-Impact AI Governance Principles and Disclosure Act. The Department of Innovation and Technology would adopt rules to make businesses using AI systems comply with 5 principles of AI governance and publish a report on their websites. It would apply to businesses with 10 or more employees. Re-referred to Rules March 21, 2025.
PD365/ISBE-ARTIFICIAL INTEL
Illinois's SR 610 (104th General Assembly) is a Senate resolution that would support Illinois ASCD/PD365 principles on ethical and effective AI use in K-12 classrooms and urge the State Board of Education to develop statewide guidelines on student data, algorithmic transparency, bias monitoring and AI literacy. It does not change the law. Referred to Assignments February 5, 2026.
PROCUREMENT-LOCAL GOV AI
Illinois's SB 2786 (104th General Assembly) would amend the Illinois Procurement Code to let the Department of Central Management Services enter a sole source contract with a specified contractor for a 6-month procurement modernization pilot. The pilot would run in no more than 7 municipalities of under 200,000 people to test AI applications. Referred to Assignments January 13, 2026.
SCH CD-AI Use in Educ Comm
Illinois's HB 5113 (104th General Assembly) would amend the School Code to require the State Board of Education to establish an Artificial-Intelligence Use in Education Commission. The Commission would collect information and make recommendations on best educational practices and policies for smartphone and AI use in schools. The provisions would be repealed January 1, 2030. Re-referred to Rules Committee on March 27, 2026.
Elec CD-AI Advert Disclosure
Illinois's SB 2996 (104th General Assembly) would amend the Election Code so that a qualified political advertisement generated in whole or substantially by AI must carry a clear and conspicuous statement saying so. It would provide exemptions and civil penalties, injunctive relief, attorney's fees and costs. Re-referred to Senate Assignments on May 22, 2026, with Senate Committee Amendment No. 1.
AI-Meaningful Human Review
Illinois's HB 3567 (104th General Assembly) would create the Meaningful Human Review of Artificial Intelligence Act. A State agency, or an entity acting for it, could not use an automated decision-making system for specified agency functions without continuous meaningful human review, and the agency would have to complete an impact assessment submitted to the Governor and General Assembly. Re-referred to Rules on March 27, 2026.
DCEO-AI Impact Study
Illinois's SB 2927 (104th General Assembly) would amend the Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity Law of the Civil Administrative Code so the Department, in consultation with the Department of Labor, must conduct a comprehensive study of strategies to protect jobs at risk of loss due to AI. Re-referred to Senate Assignments on May 22, 2026.
Biometric Surveillance Act
Illinois's HB 5521 (104th General Assembly) would create the Illinois Biometric Surveillance Act. Law enforcement agencies could not obtain, retain, possess, access, request or use a biometric identification system, including through a third party or another government agency. It would give a private right of action and Attorney General enforcement. Re-referred to the House Rules Committee on March 27, 2026.
POLICE-FACIAL RECOGNITION ACT
Illinois's SB 3564 (104th General Assembly) would create the Facial Recognition Technology in Law Enforcement Act. Law enforcement agencies using facial recognition would have to conduct compliance audits, and the technology could not be used to analyze images of people engaged in constitutionally protected activity (absent reasonable suspicion of a crime), for real or live-time identification, or solely based on beliefs, lawful activities or protected characteristics. Referred to Assignments February 5, 2026.
BD HIGHER ED-AI ED REPORT
Illinois's HB 2655 (104th General Assembly) would add Section 9.45 to the Board of Higher Education Act, requiring the Board, within 18 months after the amendatory Act takes effect, to report to the General Assembly on AI education and development at public and private institutions of higher education. The section would be repealed 2 years after the effective date. Re-referred to the House Rules Committee March 21, 2025.
SCH CD-TECHNOLOGY GUIDANCE
Illinois's HB 4945 (104th General Assembly) would add Section 2-3.118b to the School Code. Subject to appropriation, the State Board of Education, in consultation with other State agencies, may provide statewide guidance to school districts on workforce development curriculum or programming with best practices for teaching artificial intelligence, quantum computing and other fast-growing technologies. Re-referred to the House Rules Committee March 27, 2026.
Educational Technology Regulatory Sandbox
SB0322 proposes an Educational Technology Regulatory Sandbox in Utah. Detailed analysis will follow upon release of the full bill text.
AGING-SCAM/ROBOCALLS INFO
Illinois's SB 3719 (104th General Assembly) would add Section 8.14 to the Illinois Act on the Aging, requiring the Department on Aging, in consultation with the Office of the Attorney General, to provide updated resources on scam calls and robocalls on its public website, including information on predatory scam calls that use AI to mislead the recipient and access to a scam call hotline. Last action: re-referred to Assignments April 24, 2026.
$DCEO-AI WORKFORCE TRANSITION
Illinois's HB 5761 (104th General Assembly) would appropriate $150,000, or so much as may be necessary, from the General Revenue Fund to the Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity for the expenses of the Commission on Artificial Intelligence and Workforce Transition and the assessments required under the Commission on Artificial Intelligence and Workforce Transition Act. Its Section 99 sets an effective date of July 1, 2026. Last action: referred to the House Rules Committee May 5, 2026.
AI-MEANINGFUL HUMAN REVIEW
Illinois's HB 3720 (104th General Assembly) would create the Meaningful Human Review of Artificial Intelligence Act. A State agency, or an entity acting for one, would be prohibited from using an automated decision-making system for specified agency functions without continuous meaningful human review, and agencies seeking to use such a system would have to perform impact assessments and submit them to the Governor and General Assembly. Re-referred to the House Rules Committee on March 21, 2025.
High-risk artificial intelligence; development, deployment, and use by public bodies, report.
Virginia's SB 1214 (2025 Regular Session) would have set requirements for state public bodies' development, deployment and use of high-risk artificial intelligence systems, had the Chief Information Officer publish matching policies and procedures, and convened a work group on local governments' ability to comply. It passed the Senate 40-0 but was left in House Appropriations on February 18, 2025; it failed.
AI SAFETY MEASURES ACT
Illinois's HB 4799 (104th General Assembly) would create the Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act. Large frontier AI developers would have to adopt and publish a frontier AI framework covering catastrophic risk management, transparency and cybersecurity, and report critical safety incidents to the Attorney General, with civil penalties for noncompliance. It would also create a consortium to develop ILCompute, a public cloud computing resource. Referred to Rules February 6, 2026.
License artificial intelligence risk mitigation organizations
Ohio's HB 628 would enact chapter 3755 letting the Attorney General license independent verification organizations that assess whether AI models and applications meet standards for preventing personal injury and property damage. An applicant would file a plan with its risk-mitigation metrics, requirements for developers and deployers, and independence safeguards, and could be licensed only if independent of the AI industry. An AI safety advisory council would be set up in the Attorney General's office. Referred to committee February 4, 2026.
An Act enhancing disclosure requirements for synthetic media in political advertising
Massachusetts' H 5094, as reported by House Ways and Means, would require paid audio or video political communications that contain AI-generated synthetic media to say "contains content generated by AI" at the beginning and end and to carry an AI-generated label throughout each synthetic portion. A violation would be punished by a fine of up to $1,000. The House adopted Amendment 4 (not reviewed here) and passed the bill to be engrossed 157-0 on February 11, 2026. The Senate referred it to Senate Ways and Means on February 12, 2026; it is not law.
Relating To Artificial Intelligence.
Hawaii's HB 2152 (2024) would have set up a plan for state use of generative AI: Office of Enterprise Technology Services risk assessments and procurement guidelines, an inventory of high-risk uses by each agency, employee training, a duty to tell people when AI mediates electronic communication, and chief information officer approval before adopting an automated decision system. It was referred to HET/LGO, CPC and FIN on January 24, 2024 and was not enacted.
Relating To Artificial Intelligence.
Hawaii's HB 2176 (2024), as amended to HD 2, would have created an artificial intelligence working group in the Office of Enterprise Technology Services to develop acceptable use policies and guidelines for AI in the State. It would report by December 31, 2024 and December 1, 2025 and cease to exist June 30, 2026. It passed House committees HET and CPC, was referred to FIN February 16, 2024 and died.
Relating to disclosures and penalties associated with use of synthetic media and artificial intelligence
West Virginia's SB 484 (2025 regular session, committee substitute) would have added W. Va. Code 3-8-12a barring anyone from distributing, or agreeing to distribute, AI-manipulated synthetic media of a person within 90 days before an election, knowing it is false, without consent and intending to injure a candidate or influence the result, unless it carries a clear disclaimer. It would be a misdemeanor with a fine up to $1,000 per violation, plus civil actions. It passed no chamber: it was laid over on first reading and referred to Rules on March 4, 2025.
Urging The Leadership Of The Department Of Law Enforcement To Periodically Undergo Training On Crimes Relating To Artificial Intelligence Technology.
Hawaii's House Resolution 48 (2024) would have urged the Director, Deputy Directors and Administrators of the Department of Law Enforcement to complete training on crimes involving artificial intelligence, including deepfakes and related technologies, at least every two years. It was offered March 7 and referred to the House JHA and FIN committees on March 8, 2024, and was never adopted. A resolution does not change the law.
REQUESTING THE DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND TOURISM TO CONVENE A WORKING GROUP ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.
Hawaii's House Concurrent Resolution 227 (2019) would have requested the Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism to convene an Artificial Intelligence Working Group to make recommendations on AI uses elsewhere, advantages for Hawaii, dangers of AI in state operations and ways to encourage AI research. It was offered March 8 and referred to the House EDB and FIN committees March 14, 2019 and was never adopted. A resolution does not change the law.
Urging The Department Of Transportation And Department Of Transportation Services Of The City And County Of Honolulu To Utilize Artificial Intelligence To Mitigate Traffic And Improve Road Safety In The State.
Hawaii's House Resolution 51 (2026) would have urged the State Department of Transportation and the City and County of Honolulu's Department of Transportation Services to consider implementing artificial intelligence technologies in their infrastructure to mitigate traffic and improve road safety, and requested a report on traffic technologies used in other jurisdictions and the feasibility of integrating AI, due 20 days before the 2027 session. Amended to HD 1, it was deferred by the House committee on ECD on April 8, 2026 and never adopted. A resolution does not change the law.
Artificial intelligence.
California's Senate Concurrent Resolution 17 affirms the Legislature's commitment to President Biden's vision for safe AI and to the five principles of the White House "Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights": safe and effective systems; algorithmic discrimination protections; data privacy; notice and explanation; and human alternatives, consideration and fallback. The Legislature commits to examining and implementing them in its legislation and policies on automated systems. Adopted by the Senate February 17, 2023 and the Assembly August 14, 2023; filed August 23, 2023 (Res. Chapter 135). A concurrent resolution does not change the law.
Relating To A Statewide Data And Artificial Intelligence Governance And Decision Intelligence Center.
Hawaii's SB 487 (2025) would have created a Statewide Data and Artificial Intelligence Governance and Decision Intelligence Center in the Office of Enterprise Technology Services under the chief data officer, to coordinate state data sharing, set data and AI policies, and run an integrated data and AI platform for analytics and decision recommendations. It would have funded eight positions. It was referred to LBT and WAM, carried over to 2026 and not enacted.
Relating To Elections.
Hawaii's Senate Bill 2396 (2024) would have barred anyone from distributing, within 90 days before a primary or general election, a synthetic media message in an electioneering communication that the person knows or should have known is a deceptive and fraudulent deepfake of a candidate or party, unless it carries a disclosure that it was manipulated or generated by artificial intelligence. JDC deferred it February 9, 2024 and it died at the end of the 2023-2024 biennium.
Relating To Technology Enablement.
Hawaii's HB 2211 (2026) would have appropriated $300,000 from general revenues for fiscal year 2026-2027 for the Hawaii Technology Development Corporation to assist small businesses, including tourism-related ones, with technology enablement, including artificial intelligence and advanced digital tools. It was referred to the ECD/TOU and FIN committees on January 30, 2026 and did not pass; the 2026 session ended without further action.
Relating To Permitting.
Hawaii's Senate Bill 2908 (2026), as amended in HD 1, would have required the Department of Business, Economic Development, and Tourism to develop, with a selected county, an AI-assisted pre-compliance permitting intake pilot limited to single-family-home projects. The platform would have used AI for intake, routing and review, with human help preserved. It passed the Senate and House second reading, but was not enacted. It stated a July 1, 2050 effective date.
Urge Congress to reject any moratorium on state AI laws
Ohio's HCR 31 is a concurrent resolution that would urge the U.S. Congress to reject any moratorium on state laws regulating artificial intelligence. It would condemn such a moratorium 'in all of its iterations' and call on members of Congress to reject it in federal legislation and executive orders. It was introduced and referred to the House Technology and Innovation Committee on February 4, 2026 and has not been adopted. A resolution does not change the law.
Establishes task force to research and report on potential sources of funding for artificial intelligence initiatives and appropriate tax incentives to support businesses impacted by expansion of use of artificial intelligence.
A 2620 would create an 11-member Artificial Intelligence Initiative Funding Task Force in the New Jersey Department of the Treasury to report, within 12 months of organizing, on public and private funding sources for AI initiatives in the state. It would recommend tax incentives for the industries most affected by expanded AI use, public-private partnerships, collaborations with colleges and universities, and ways to align AI funding with workforce needs and economic growth, and identify bills for the Legislature to adopt. Pending in the Assembly Science, Innovation and Technology Committee.
Provides funding to nonprofit organizations to implement smart technology and artificial intelligence systems to enhance security infrastructure.
A 2608 would create the New Jersey Equitable Nonprofit Security and Innovation Grant Program in the Office of Homeland Security and Preparedness. Nonprofits, including places of worship, could get up to $25,000 for smart technology that cuts operating costs and up to $100,000 for AI security systems such as AI-powered surveillance and threat detection. The office would favor groups serving at-risk communities and communities of color, request at least $14 million a year, and have to approve every AI system bought with grant money to make sure it is not unfairly discriminatory. Pending in the Assembly Science, Innovation and Technology Committee.
Higher educational institutions; JLARC to study artificial intelligence use policies.
House Joint Resolution 32 directs the Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission (JLARC) to study AI use policies at Virginia's institutions of higher education. JLARC surveys policies adopted or under consideration and evaluates how they address academic integrity, data privacy, equity and access, transparency, and faculty autonomy; develops a model AI policy; and recommends tools, curricula and resources for a statewide clearinghouse. Agreed to by the House February 11 and the Senate March 3, 2026. A joint resolution needs no Governor's signature and does not change the law.
Requires synthetic content creations system providers to include provenance data on certain content made available by the provider
Passed both houses; awaiting delivery to the Governor. S 6954-B, the Stop Deepfakes Act, would require providers of publicly available generative AI systems to attach provenance data (content credentials such as the C2PA standard) to AI-generated or AI-modified images, audio and video, identifying it as synthetic, the provider and when it was made. Hosting platforms could not knowingly offer systems that don't. Large online platforms would have to keep provenance data and show it to users, and state agencies would label their own media. The Attorney General could seek injunctions and fines up to $25,000 per violation. Effective 180 days after signing.
Requesting The Hawaii Civil Rights Commission To Examine The Applicability Of Existing State Anti-discrimination Laws To Algorithmic And Automated Decision Systems.
Hawaii's Senate Concurrent Resolution 184 (2026) asks the Hawaiʻi Civil Rights Commission to examine how existing state anti-discrimination laws apply to algorithmic and automated decision systems, including AI tools used in employment screening, tenant selection, credit and public benefits decisions: whether current law gives enough authority to investigate and remedy such discrimination, jurisdictional and evidentiary hurdles, whether guidance or rulemaking would help, a possible complaint pathway, and any legislation needed. Report due 20 days before the 2027 session. Adopted by the Senate April 9 and the House April 24, 2026; a concurrent resolution does not change the law.
Establishes the position of chief artificial intelligence officer and such person's functions, powers and duties; including, but not limited to, developing statewide artificial intelligence policies and governance, coordinating the activities of any and all state departments, boards, commissions…
New York's A 1205 would amend the State Technology Law to create a chief artificial intelligence officer, appointed by the Governor with the advice and consent of the Senate, who would set state AI and automated decision-making policy, coordinate agencies' AI use, audit that use, recommend deactivating harmful applications and report annually to the legislature. It would also create an Advisory Committee for State Artificial Intelligence Policy. Referred to Governmental Operations January 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Artificial Intelligence Amendments
Utah's SB 149 created the Artificial Intelligence Policy Act: an Office of Artificial Intelligence Policy in the Department of Commerce and an AI Learning Laboratory in which the office may grant temporary regulatory mitigation agreements. It also made generative AI no defense to consumer-protection violations and required generative AI disclosures, which SB 226 replaced on May 7, 2025. The Act was set to be repealed May 1, 2025; SB 332 and SB 226 moved that to July 1, 2027, and HB 320 revised the lab from May 6, 2026. Signed March 13, 2024; effective May 1, 2024.
DOIT-AI TASK FORCE
Illinois' Public Act 103-0451 (HB 3563) adds Section 1-80 to the Department of Innovation and Technology Act, directing the Department to establish the Generative AI and Natural Language Processing Task Force to investigate and report on generative AI and natural language processing software. Members include legislative appointees, education and technology officials, teachers, principals, cybersecurity and AI experts, business and labor representatives, and the Attorney General. It must hold at least 5 public meetings around the state and report to the Governor and General Assembly by December 31, 2024. Approved and effective August 4, 2023.
Enacts the "advanced artificial intelligence licensing act"; providing for regulation of advanced artificial intelligence systems (Part A); requires registration and licensing of high-risk advanced artificial intelligence systems and related provisions regarding the operation of such systems (Part…
New York's A 3356 (the "advanced artificial intelligence licensing act") would, in four parts, add State Technology Law Article 5 under the Department of State: licensing and registration of high-risk advanced AI systems, an ethical code of conduct, and a ban on certain AI systems, with civil and criminal penalties. Part effective dates run 180 days to one year after enactment. Referred to the Science and Technology Committee January 27, 2025 and again January 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Office of Artificial Intelligence Policy Amendments
Utah's HB 320 revises the existing Office of Artificial Intelligence Policy and its AI Learning Laboratory (Title 13, Chapter 72). Besides regulatory mitigation agreements, which let a participant use AI despite a law or rule that might impede it, the office may sign joint interpretation agreements clarifying how a state law or rule applies to an AI technology. Agreements must set consumer disclosures and audit reporting; the office must audit participants regularly and may end an agreement at any time. Terms run up to 12 months with up to two extensions. Signed March 18, 2026; effective May 6, 2026.
Creates an artificial intelligence working group within the department of education for the purpose of developing guidance and a model policy on the safe and effective use of artificial intelligence in ways that benefit, and do not harm, pupils and educators.
New York's A 6972 would add Education Law § 115 creating an artificial intelligence working group in the State Education Department, to develop guidance for school districts and charter schools on safe AI use and a model policy, and to report to the Governor and Legislature. The text sets dates of January 1, 2026 for guidance, July 1, 2026 for the model policy and January 1, 2027 for the report. Would take effect immediately and expire January 31, 2031. Introduced March 18, 2025 and referred to the Education Committee (again January 7, 2026); it has not passed either chamber.
STATE GOVT-GENERAL MANDATES
Illinois' Public Act 103-0101 (HB 3902), the Drones as First Responders Act, amends the Freedom from Drone Surveillance Act to let police use drones for search and rescue, infrastructure inspections, demonstrations, dispatched emergency calls and some government-hosted events. Police may not use onboard facial recognition in flight and may run drone data through facial recognition only to counter a terrorist risk found by the Homeland Security Secretary or on reasonable suspicion that swift action is needed to prevent imminent harm, escape or evidence destruction. Drones may not be armed. It revises data retention and adds Attorney General enforcement. Approved and effective June 16, 2023.
Urging The Department Of Education To Co-develop A Sixth To Twelfth Grade Artificial Intelligence Literacy And Usage Curriculum With Teachers.
Hawaii's House Resolution 40 (2026) urges the Department of Education to co-develop a sixth- to twelfth-grade artificial intelligence literacy and usage curriculum with teachers. The Department is asked to consult peer-reviewed literature, global AI literacy frameworks and Hawaiʻi-based AI curricula such as Kūlia Academy's, and urged to design curricula that foster transparent, accountable and ethical AI use, give equitable access across Hawaiʻi, and include regular assessments of student progress and routine reassessment of the curricula. Adopted by the House April 2, 2026; a resolution of one chamber does not change the law.
Schools; creating the Oklahoma Responsible Technology in Schools Act; requiring development of guidance for use of artificial intelligence and emerging technologies. Effective date. Emergency.
Oklahoma's Responsible Technology in Schools Act sets rules for AI in public schools from July 1, 2026. Classroom AI must be educator-directed, with a person reviewing AI outputs before use; AI may not be the main basis for grading, discipline, placement or other high-stakes decisions; and tools must suit students' ages and follow student-privacy law such as FERPA. Districts must give parents a yearly written list of AI tools, vendors and student data shared, and let them opt students out of student-facing AI without penalty. Each district board must adopt an AI policy before the 2027-28 school year.
An Act To Amend Title 15 Of The Delaware Code Relating To Deep Fakes In Elections.
Delaware's HB 316 (enacted as House Substitute 1, 84 Del. Laws c. 487) makes it a crime to distribute, or contract to distribute, a deep fake of a candidate or party within 90 days before an election without the depicted person's consent, if the person knows or should know it is a deep fake. Media carrying "This (image/video/audio) has been altered or artificially generated." is exempt, as are qualifying news coverage, satire and parody. Violations are class B misdemeanors, or class A with intent to cause violence or within 5 years of a prior conviction; depicted candidates may sue in the Court of Chancery. Signed and effective October 9, 2024.
Artificial intelligence, Ala. Comm. on, estab. to study and advise Governor and Legislature on state policy issues
Alabama's SJR 71, a joint resolution approved by the Governor as Act 2019-269, establishes the Alabama Commission on Artificial Intelligence and Associated Technologies to review and advise the Governor and Legislature on the growth of AI and associated technology in the state and on AI use in governance, health care, education, environment, transportation and industries such as autonomous cars, industrial robots and disease-diagnosis algorithms. The commission was to consider whether the Legislature should create a permanent AI commission and report its findings and recommendations by May 1, 2020. Approved May 28, 2019 (Act 2019-269).
Artificial Intelligence and Children's Internet Safety Study Commission, created
Alabama's HJR 51, a joint resolution approved by the Governor as Act 2026-218, creates the Study Commission on Artificial Intelligence and Children's Internet Safety. Its 13 members include legislators from both chambers, the Attorney General, and appointees of the Mental Health Commissioner, Voices for Alabama's Children, the Alabama Cable and Broadband Association, TechNet, the Lieutenant Governor and the Alabama Broadcasters Association. It studies the effects of AI, social media and internet use on children, reviews other states' approaches and recommends legislation, reporting by November 1, 2026, after which it dissolves. Approved March 10, 2026.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 55, Chapter 30 and Title 55, Chapter 8, relative to autonomous vehicles.
Tennessee's HB 2302 was enacted as its Senate companion, SB 2253 (Public Chapter 726), which the House substituted for it on March 23, 2026. The law amends Tenn. Code § 55-8-202 so a state or local law enforcement agency may adopt a policy for enforcing traffic offenses committed by an automated driving system (ADS). Under such a policy, when a POST-certified or state-commissioned officer finds an ADS committed an offense, the notice or citation goes by first-class mail to the vehicle's registered owner within 20 business days, allows 30 days to pay, and no added costs may be charged without a second notice. Signed April 13, 2026 (Public Chapter 726); effective on signing.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Section 2-7-112 and Title 55, Chapter 50, relative to licenses.
Tennessee's HB 1316 (Public Chapter 297) renames the electronic driver license system the digital driver license system and limits its data use. A vendor providing the license app may not capture or retain biometric identifiers (retina or iris scans, fingerprints, voiceprints, hand or face geometry) except a photograph used solely to compare with the license photo on file, and neither the vendor nor the Department of Safety may collect geolocation data. Data from using a digital license may be kept no more than three days and not sold. Digital licenses cannot be used as voter ID. Signed April 24, 2025 (Public Chapter 297); effective on signing.
Revises provisions relating to transportation network companies. (BDR 58-935)
Nevada's SB 288 lets a transportation network company (TNC) contract with monitored autonomous vehicle providers, who own and operate autonomous vehicles with an employed monitor physically present at all times, to give rides through the TNC's app largely on the same terms as drivers. Providers are liable in tort like drivers and must carry at least $1,500,000 of TNC insurance while operating; the TNC must hold a Transportation Authority permit and inspect the vehicles. Local governments generally may not tax or charge fees on these providers or rides. Approved June 10, 2021 (Chapter 550); effective on approval.
STATE AGENCIES-AI SYSTEMS
Illinois's HB 4836 (103rd General Assembly) would have added Section 5-735 to the Civil Administrative Code so that State agency and State-funded AI systems must follow the NIST AI Risk Management Framework. Agencies and entities deploying State-funded AI would have to submit NIST-based algorithmic impact assessments to the General Assembly, the Auditor General and the Department of Innovation and Technology. It was not passed before the 103rd General Assembly ended (Session Sine Die, January 7, 2025).
Enacts the "facial recognition technology study act" to study privacy concerns and potential regulatory approaches to the development of facial recognition technology.
New York's A 8788, the "facial recognition technology study act," would create a seven-member task force (two appointed by the governor, two by the senate temporary president, two by the assembly speaker, one by the director of the office of information technology services) to study the proper regulatory approach to facial recognition technology, including privacy concerns and misuse, and report to the governor and legislature within one year of the effective date. It regulates no one. Would take effect immediately. Referred to Governmental Operations June 5, 2025 (and January 7, 2026); it has not passed either chamber.
Directs the commissioner of education to make recommendations to the board of regents regarding the incorporation of instruction in artificial intelligence system literacy into the school curriculum at the elementary, junior high and senior high levels; directs the board of regents to adopt…
New York's A 7029 would add subdivision 33 to Education Law § 305 directing the Commissioner of Education to recommend to the Board of Regents how to incorporate AI system literacy into the curriculum at each grade level. The Commissioner would have 180 days after the subdivision takes effect to recommend adopting or rejecting it, and the Regents 60 days to vote. Would take effect immediately. Introduced March 18, 2025 and referred to the Education Committee (again January 7, 2026); it has not passed either chamber.
Requires certain political communications to include provenance data for all audios, images or videos used in such communications; provides for the repeal of certain provisions upon the expiration thereof.
New York's A 8523 (the "election content accountability act") would amend Election Law § 14-106. From the 2030 election cycle, campaigns for Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General or Comptroller would have to apply provenance data (a C2PA content credential) to political communications that include images or videos. The Attorney General could seek penalties of up to $100,000 per intentional or grossly negligent violation and up to $50,000 per other violation. Would take effect on the 180th day after it becomes law; paragraphs (b) and (c) would expire December 31, 2030. Referred to the Election Law Committee May 20, 2025 and January 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
AI USE IN GOVT CONTRACTS
Illinois's HB 5099 (103rd General Assembly) would have added Section 50-41 to the Illinois Procurement Code. A vendor contracting for government services, grants, or leases or purchases of software or hardware would have to disclose whether AI technology is, has been, or will be used in fulfilling the contract or in the goods or services purchased. It was not passed before the 103rd General Assembly ended (Session Sine Die, January 7, 2025).
Strategy for Public Health Preparedness and Response to Artificial Intelligence Threats
The federal S. 501 (Strategy for Public Health Preparedness and Response to Artificial Intelligence Threats) would require the HHS Secretary, within 180 days after enactment, to submit a strategy on public health preparedness and biodefense against misuse of AI that threatens national health security. Introduced February 10, 2025 and referred to the Senate HELP Committee; no further action.
Campaign finance: other; artificial intelligence; define. Amends sec. 2 of 1976 PA 388 (MCL 169.202). TIE BAR WITH: HB 5141'23
Michigan's HB 5143 (Public Act 264 of 2023) adds a definition of 'artificial intelligence' to the Michigan Campaign Finance Act (MCL 169.202): a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations or decisions influencing real or virtual environments, using machine and human-based inputs to perceive environments, abstract them into models through automated analysis, and use model inference to formulate options. It is tie-barred to HB 5141 (Public Act 263), the AI political-ad disclosure law. Approved November 30, 2023; effective February 13, 2024.
Election communications; deepfakes; prohibition
Arizona's SB 1359 adds A.R.S. § 16-1023. Within 90 days before an election in which a candidate is on the ballot, a creator may not create and distribute synthetic media that the person knows is a deceptive and fraudulent deepfake of that candidate unless it includes a clear and conspicuous disclosure conveying to a reasonable person that the media includes content generated by artificial intelligence. A person who fails to disclose is liable for the civil penalty in § 16-937(B) for each day the deepfake is distributed. Satire, parody and interactive computer services are exempt. Signed May 29, 2024 (Chapter 199).
artificial intelligence; state agencies; rules
Vetoed. Arizona's HB 2592 (2026) would have added A.R.S. § 18-105, requiring the Department of Administration director to have each state budget unit identify AI uses that reduce administrative burdens, eliminate regulations that unnecessarily restrict AI innovation, streamline AI procurement and set up enterprise AI governance. Agencies could not have adopted rules specifically regulating AI systems or computational resources without an express legislative delegation to address a specific harm and a least-restrictive-means showing. The director would have reported yearly by December 1. Vetoed June 19, 2026.
Resolve, Directing the Maine Arts Commission to Study Federal and National Efforts to Protect Artists from Copyright Infringement by Artificial Intelligence Companies and Users and to Monitor Educational Use
Maine's LD 109 is a resolve directing the Maine Arts Commission, consulting the Attorney General's office, to study federal and national efforts to protect artists from copyright infringement by businesses and others that promote, create, disseminate or use AI software, and efforts to monitor educational use of copyrighted work, and to report with any suggested legislation by December 3, 2025. It appropriates $25,000 for a consultant. Held by the Governor in July 2025, it became law without signature on January 11, 2026 (Resolves chapter 121), after that report date.
Relation to the regulation of the use of artificial intelligence and facial recognition technology in criminal investigations
New York's A 7172-B would add subdivision 25 to Executive Law § 837, requiring the division of criminal justice services to promulgate a written protocol for law enforcement agencies using AI and facial recognition technology in criminal investigations. The protocol would cover transparency measures (records of AI outputs, subject to audit), regular independent audits of facial recognition systems with public results, and officer training. Would take effect on the 90th day after it becomes law. On the Assembly floor calendar (Cal. 396, June 3, 2026); it has not passed either chamber.
Prohibits the creation and dissemination of synthetic media within sixty days of an election with intent to unduly influence the outcome of an election
New York's A 6491 would add Election Law § 17-172, making it a class E felony to create, with "intent to injure a candidate or unduly influence the outcome of an election," synthetic media (realistic AI-manipulated or artificial images, video or audio of a scenario that did not occur) and disseminate or publish it within sixty days of an election. Exemptions cover commentary, parody, news, consent of all persons depicted, and initial dissemination by platforms. Would take effect on the 30th day after it becomes law. Introduced March 5, 2025 and referred to the Election Law Committee (again January 7, 2026); it has not passed either chamber.
Provenance of Digital Content
Not law: died in committee. The committee substitute for Florida's SB 702 would have required online content purporting to feature an electoral candidate to carry provenance data if made with generative AI, and required generative AI providers to apply provenance data to content wholly generated by their tools and offer public detection tools and a free provenance reader. Social media platforms would have retained and shown provenance data, capture devices sold in Florida would have needed an option to record it, and violations would have been unfair or deceptive acts under s. 501.204 enforced by the Attorney General after a 30-day cure period. Died in Ethics and Elections June 16, 2025.
Artificial Intelligence Use in Political Advertising
Florida's HB 919 (s. 106.145, F.S.) requires political ads, electioneering communications and other political advertisements to prominently state "Created in whole or in part with the use of generative artificial intelligence (AI)." when they contain AI-generated content that appears to depict a real person doing something that did not happen, created with intent to injure a candidate or deceive about a ballot issue. A person paying for, sponsoring or approving the ad who omits the disclaimer commits a first-degree misdemeanor; anyone may complain to the Florida Elections Commission, which holds expedited hearings. Approved April 26, 2024 (Chapter 2024-126); effective July 1, 2024.
relative to the regulation of artificial intelligence technologies.
New Hampshire's HB 1725 (2026) would have created RSA chapter 359-V, "Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance": a 7-member AI council, AI interaction disclosures, bans on AI developed with intent to unlawfully discriminate or for social scoring, limits on government biometric identification, a regulatory sandbox, and attorney general enforcement with civil penalties. The House voted it Inexpedient to Legislate on February 19, 2026, and it died.
Senate Study Committee on the Impact of Artificial Intelligence; create
Georgia's SR 789 is a Senate resolution, adopted 48-0 on March 31, 2026. As adopted, it creates the Senate Study Committee on the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Creative Industries: five senators named by the President of the Senate, with majority- and minority-party cochairs, to study AI's impact on creative writers, filmmakers and television, including concerns about AI replacing human artistry, job losses and undisclosed AI use, and to recommend action or legislation. The committee stands abolished December 1, 2026. As a resolution of one chamber, it does not change the law.
Senate Study Committee on Artificial Intelligence and Digital Currency; create
Georgia's SR 391 is a Senate resolution, adopted 52-0 on April 2, 2025, that created the Senate Study Committee on Artificial Intelligence and Digital Currency: six members appointed by the President of the Senate, who names a legislative member as chair. It was to study AI and digital and cryptocurrency, including safeguards against fraud, unintended bias, discrimination and privacy infringements from AI, and to recommend any action or legislation. The committee stood abolished December 1, 2025. As a resolution of one chamber, it does not change the law.
Requesting The Hawaii Civil Rights Commission To Examine The Applicability Of Existing State Anti-discrimination Laws To Algorithmic And Automated Decision Systems.
Hawaii's Senate Resolution 165 (2026) asks the Hawaiʻi Civil Rights Commission to examine how existing state anti-discrimination laws apply to algorithmic and automated decision systems, including AI tools used in employment screening, tenant selection, credit and public benefits decisions: whether current law gives enough authority to investigate and remedy such discrimination, jurisdictional and evidentiary hurdles, whether guidance or rulemaking would help, a possible complaint pathway, and any legislation needed. Report due 20 days before the 2027 session. Adopted by the Senate April 9, 2026; a resolution of one chamber does not change the law.
Requesting The Hawaii State Commission On The Status Of Women To Establish A Working Group And Provide A Report To The Legislature On Ways To Strengthen Prevention, Interventions, And Protections For Survivors Of Image-based Sexual Abuse.
Hawaii's House Resolution 85 (H.D. 2, 2026) asks a designee of the Hawaii State Commission on the Status of Women to form a working group, including gender-based violence service providers, survivors, county police, prosecutors, coalitions and the Judiciary, to review laws and policies nationwide for ways to prevent image-based sexual abuse and protect survivors. Its recitals cite AI-generated abuse and sexual deepfakes. A report with any proposed legislation is due 20 days before the 2028 session; the group dissolves December 31, 2027. Adopted by the House April 9, 2026; a resolution of one chamber does not change the law.
Establishes the New York state autonomous vehicle task force to study autonomous vehicle usage on the roads located within the state of New York.
New York's A 8109 would authorize the Department of Transportation to establish a ten-member New York State autonomous vehicle task force to study current autonomous vehicle usage on New York roads, compare it across regions and with other states, and report findings and recommendations to the Governor and Legislature on or before January 1, 2027. Would take effect immediately. Introduced April 30, 2025 and referred to the Transportation Committee (again January 7, 2026); it has not passed either chamber.
DOIT-AI TASK FORCE
Illinois's HB 5639 (103rd General Assembly) would have amended Section 1-80 of the Department of Innovation and Technology Act, which creates the Generative AI and Natural Language Processing Task Force, so that two members (rather than one) are appointed by the Speaker of the House, one of whom serves as a co-chairperson. It was not passed before the 103rd General Assembly ended (Session Sine Die, January 7, 2025).
Provides that a person may operate a fully autonomous vehicle on the public roads of this state without a human driver provided that the automated driving system is engaged and the vehicle meets certain conditions; defines terms; requires insurance and that such vehicle is registered as a fully…
New York's A 539-B (2023-2024) would have added Vehicle and Traffic Law Article 34-E allowing a person to operate a fully autonomous vehicle (SAE Level 4 or 5) on public roads without a human driver if the automated driving system is engaged, the vehicle can reach a minimal risk condition after a failure, a law enforcement interaction plan is filed and proof of insurance under VTL Article 6 is submitted. A city of five million or more could set local rules for for-hire services. The enacting clause was stricken July 22, 2024; the bill died with the 2023-2024 session.
Requires Commission on Science, Innovation and Technology to study impact of State agencies procuring, implementing, and operating artificial intelligence.
New Jersey's A4399 would direct the Commission on Science, Innovation and Technology to study how State agencies procure, implement and operate AI-powered technology and to issue a written report within one year after the act takes effect. The study would list the agencies that use AI, why each uses it, and what each spends. Introduced May 16, 2024. A bill of the Legislature's 2024-2025 session, which ended January 13, 2026.
Requires any political communication, whether made by phone call, email or other message-based communication, that utilizes an artificial intelligence system to engage in human-like conversation with another shall, by reasonable means, apprise the person of the fact that they are communicating with…
New York's A 3327 would add Election Law § 14-106 subdivision 5-a so that any political communication made by phone call, email or other message-based communication that uses an artificial intelligence system to engage in human-like conversation with another person would have to, by reasonable means, tell the person they are communicating with an AI system. Would take effect immediately. Referred to the Election Law Committee January 27, 2025 and again January 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Creates a temporary state commission to study and investigate how to regulate artificial intelligence, robotics and automation; repeals such commission.
New York's A 3361 would create a temporary 14-member "New York state artificial intelligence, robotics and automation commission" to study how to regulate AI, robotics and automation, including liability, employment impact, confidential information, weaponry and public-sector uses. Members serve without compensation. A final report is due 30 days before the act expires on December 31, 2026. Passed the Assembly and was delivered to the Senate January 28, 2026 (it had also passed May 12, 2025 and died in the Senate January 7, 2026); it has not passed the Senate.
Requires the department of labor to study the long-term impact of artificial intelligence on the state workforce including but not limited to job performance, productivity, training, education requirements, privacy and security; prohibits any state entity from using artificial intelligence in any…
New York's A 4550-A would add Labor Law § 12-a requiring the Department of Labor, with the Department of Civil Service and the Office of Information Technology Services, to begin a study within six months of the effective date on the long-term impact of artificial intelligence on the state workforce, with a final report by December 31, 2034. Until that report, state entities could not use AI in a way that displaces workers or impairs collective bargaining agreements. Takes effect immediately and expires January 1, 2035. Referred to Ways and Means January 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Prohibits political communication containing any photo, video or audio depiction of a candidate created in whole or in part through the use of generative artificial intelligence.
New York's A 7656 (the "respect electoral audiovisual legitimacy (REAL) act") would add Election Law § 14-106(2-a), providing that no political communication covered by that section may contain any realistic photo, video or audio depiction of a candidate, or person interacting with a candidate, containing original material created in whole or in part with generative artificial intelligence. Would take effect immediately. Introduced April 4, 2025 and referred to the Election Law Committee (again January 7, 2026); it has not passed either chamber.
TAME Extreme Weather and Wildfires Act Transformational Artificial intelligence to Modernize the Economy against Extreme Weather and Wildfires Act
The federal S. 1378 (TAME Extreme Weather and Wildfires Act) would direct NOAA's Under Secretary to develop and curate weather-forecasting training datasets within 4 years, explore AI weather models and AI applications for forecasting and wildfire readiness, provide technical assistance, and plan to release operational NOAA AI weather models to the public at no cost. It would authorize $105,000,000 for fiscal year 2026 and $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2027 through 2030. Reported with a substitute October 21, 2025 (Report No. 119-88) and placed on the Senate calendar (Calendar No. 199); it has not passed the Senate.
Enacts the "youth & teen internet safety and social media literacy act"; directs the commissioner of education to provide technical assistance to school districts for the development of curricula for such study of courses which shall be age appropriate and developed according to the needs and…
New York's A 8947, the "youth & teen internet safety and social media literacy act," would repeal and replace Education Law § 814. School districts "may provide" instruction in grades K-12 on safe use of the internet, social media and artificial intelligence, and the commissioner of education "shall provide technical assistance" for curricula and develop resources for students in grades 3-5 and 6-12 and their parents or guardians. Would take effect on the first of July next succeeding the date it becomes law. Introduced July 16, 2025 and referred to the Education Committee (again January 7, 2026); it has not passed either chamber.
Requires state-level public employers that intend to begin any procurement process or plan to acquire or deploy any new application or technology that utilizes an artificial intelligence model or artificial intelligence system to notify any duly recognized and certified employee representative of…
New York's A 11175 would add Civil Service Law § 216 requiring a public employer (the State, local governments, school districts, SUNY, CUNY and others) to notify any duly recognized and certified employee representative at least twelve months before starting a procurement process or plan to acquire or deploy new technology using an AI model or AI system that changes the work or eliminates jobs, and then to bargain. Referred to Governmental Employees May 1, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Enacts the "New York artificial intelligence consumer protection act", in relation to preventing the use of artificial intelligence algorithms to discriminate against protected classes.
New York's S 1962, the New York artificial intelligence consumer protection act, would add General Business Law Article 45-A (sections 1550 to 1556). From January 1, 2027, developers and deployers of high-risk AI decision systems that make or substantially factor in consequential decisions (education, employment, lending, government services, health care, housing, insurance, legal services) would have to use reasonable care against algorithmic discrimination, with impact assessments, notices and appeals. The Attorney General would have exclusive enforcement. Referred to Internet and Technology January 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
APA-SURVEY
Illinois' HB 1937 (Rep. Jed Davis) is a regulatory-reduction bill that mentions AI only as a permitted tool. As introduced, it would require the Auditor General to survey the Illinois Administrative Code for mandates and restrictions on the private sector and local governments and report within 2 years of the effective date, and would require State agencies to cut those mandates. The Auditor General, contractors, and agencies could use AI to do the counting. Introduced February 4, 2025; in Rules Committee.
Relates to the use of automated decision tools by landlords for making housing decisions; sets conditions and rules for use of such tools.
New York's S 6471-A would add Real Property Law § 227-g making it unlawful for a landlord to use an automated housing decision making tool to screen applicants unless an independent disparate impact analysis is done at least annually. A summary of the latest analysis must be posted on the landlord's website and on listings, and applicants must get notice at least 24 hours before use. The Attorney General could sue to compel compliance. Referred to Investigations and Government Operations January 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Enacts the "facial recognition technology study act" to study privacy concerns and potential regulatory approaches to the development of facial recognition technology.
New York's S 3699 would establish a seven-member task force to study the proper regulatory approach to facial recognition technology (technology capable of identifying or verifying a person from a digital image or video frame). It would examine privacy concerns, other jurisdictions' regulation, potential misuse and administrative regulation methods, and report its findings to the governor and Legislature within one year of the effective date. The Senate passed it 60-2 and sent it to the Assembly March 16, 2026.
Establishes the "protect our privacy (POP) act" to impose limitations on the use of drones for law enforcement purposes; prohibits the use of drones by law enforcement at concerts, protests, demonstrations, or other actions protected by the first amendment.
New York's S 1096, the protect our privacy (POP) act, would add Civil Rights Law section 52-e. It would prohibit drone use by law enforcement agencies or for law enforcement purposes, with exceptions for search and rescue and examining dangerous areas after natural disasters, bar drones at concerts, protests and other First Amendment activity, and bar armed drones. Data from drones using facial recognition could not be used in investigations or prosecutions and would have to be deleted. Remedies would include suppression and a private action for the greater of $1,000 per violation or actual damages. Referred to Codes January 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Directs the commissioner of education to make recommendations to the board of regents regarding the incorporation of instruction in artificial intelligence system literacy into the school curriculum at the elementary, junior high and senior high levels; directs the board of regents to adopt…
New York's S 7892-A would add Education Law § 305(33) directing the commissioner of education to make recommendations to the Board of Regents on adding AI system literacy content to the curriculum at each grade level in elementary, junior high and senior high schools. Within 180 days the commissioner must recommend that the Regents adopt rules or reject the curriculum; the Regents must decide within 60 days. Referred to Education January 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Requires certain political communications to include provenance data for all audios, images or videos used in such communications; provides for the repeal of certain provisions upon the expiration thereof.
New York's S 7963 would add subdivision 8 to Election Law § 14-106 (the "election content accountability act"). Starting with the 2030 election cycle, campaigns for Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General or Comptroller would have to apply provenance data to political communications that are or include images or videos, showing the generating device or service, synthetic portions, any AI use and the date. The Attorney General could assess up to $100,000 per violation. Advanced to third reading March 5, 2026 and committed to Rules June 5, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Establishes the New York artificial intelligence ethics commission.
New York's S 2487 would add State Technology Law section 106-c, creating the New York artificial intelligence ethics commission of nine members. The commission would set ethical guidelines for developing and deploying AI, review AI projects, receive and investigate complaints and develop certification and audits, covering state agencies and private companies whose AI use affects New York residents. Section 106-c(6) lists prohibited AI practices for any entity doing business in the state. Referred to Internet and Technology January 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Prohibits the use of biometric surveillance system or biometric surveillance information in places of public accommodation; prohibits entering into any agreement that authorizes any third party to use any biometric surveillance system or biometric surveillance information; provides penalties for…
New York's S 8004 would add Civil Rights Law § 40-h making it unlawful for an owner, franchisor, franchisee or other operator of a place or provider of public accommodation to use any biometric surveillance system or its information, or let a third party do so on its behalf. Collecting biometric information would require written notice, a stated purpose and term, and a written release. Violators and those who aid or incite them would owe the aggrieved person at least the greater of $1,000 or actual damages per violation, plus attorneys' fees. Referred to Investigations and Government Operations January 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Requires artificial intelligence companies to conduct safety tests and report results to Office of Information Technology.
New Jersey's S3742 would require AI companies, defined as any private entity or public agency that sells, develops, deploys, uses or offers AI technology in New Jersey, to subject their AI technology to a safety test each year and report the results to the Office of Information Technology (OIT). OIT would set minimum test requirements, including cybersecurity, bias and inaccuracy analysis, and would review each report. Introduced October 7, 2024. A bill of the Legislature's 2024-2025 session, which ended January 13, 2026.
Law-enforcement agencies & sheriff's dept.; policy on use of covered artificial intelligence syst.
Virginia's HB 1170 (2026 Regular Session) would have required the Department of Criminal Justice Services to set a model policy for law-enforcement use of covered AI systems by October 1, 2026, and local agencies, sheriffs and State Police to adopt policies meeting it by January 1, 2027. It failed: tabled in House committee February 2, 2026.
Creates a temporary state commission to study and investigate how to regulate artificial intelligence, robotics and automation; repeals such commission.
New York's S 6301 would create a temporary state commission on artificial intelligence, robotics and automation to study subjects such as current state law, civil and criminal liability, employment effects and public-sector uses. It would have 14 members, with no pay beyond expenses, and must issue a final report; the act would expire December 31, 2026. It places no duties on businesses. Referred to Internet and Technology January 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Includes communications generated using artificial intelligence in the definition of falsely reporting an incident in the third degree.
New York's S 9236 would amend Penal Law § 240.50, falsely reporting an incident in the third degree, to cover knowingly false or baseless reports made "using artificial intelligence or generative artificial intelligence" in each of its four subdivisions. The offense is a class A misdemeanor. The bill defines the AI terms by reference to General Business Law § 1700. Referred to Codes February 18, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Directs the department of labor to conduct a study and prepare a report on the effects of artificial intelligence on job losses in the state.
New York's S 9819 would require the Department of Labor, in conjunction with the office of information technology services, to conduct a study and prepare a report on the effects of artificial intelligence on job losses in the state. Within one year of the effective date the Department must issue the report to the governor, the temporary president of the senate and the speaker of the assembly. It takes effect immediately if enacted. Referred to Labor April 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Requires state-level public employers that intend to begin any procurement process or plan to acquire or deploy any new application or technology that utilizes an artificial intelligence model or artificial intelligence system to notify any duly recognized and certified employee representative of…
New York's S 10025 would add Civil Service Law § 216 requiring a public employer to notify any duly recognized and certified employee representative no less than twelve months before starting a procurement process or planning to acquire or deploy AI-based technology that changes operations, requires job training or eliminates job functions or jobs. The employer would then have to bargain over the acquisition, implementation, a worker transition plan and training. Referred to Civil Service and Pensions April 23, 2026; reported and committed to Internet and Technology May 18, 2026. It has not passed either chamber.
AI Learning Agenda
North Carolina's SB 747 would create an Office of Artificial Intelligence Policy in the Department of Commerce and an AI Learning Laboratory Program, in which approved participants test AI products under adjusted regulatory requirements for up to 12 months. Filed March 25, 2025 and referred to the Senate Rules and Operations Committee March 26, 2025; it has not passed either chamber.
Requires an office within the department of financial services to establish minimum standards for large frontier developers' frontier AI frameworks to prevent unreasonable levels of catastrophic risk.
New York's S 10456 would add General Business Law section 1430. The Office (which the sponsor memo identifies as the Office of Digital Innovation, Governance, Integrity & Trust, DIGIT, in the Department of Financial Services) would have to adopt regulations by July 1, 2028 requiring large frontier developers' frontier AI frameworks to meet minimum standards to prevent unreasonable levels of catastrophic risk. It must consult academia, the Empire AI Research Institute, the Attorney General, civil society and frontier developers, and review the rules annually. Referred to Internet and Technology May 15, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Relative to cybersecurity and artificial intelligence
Massachusetts S49 is a broad cybersecurity bill that would require annual cybersecurity training for public employees, create a Cybersecurity Control Board and state cybersecurity code (artificial intelligence is one listed standards area), and create an Automated Decision Making Control Board to study and regulate automated decision systems. Reported favorably and referred to Senate Ways and Means May 12, 2025.
CRIM CD-ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENC
Illinois's SB 2847 (103rd General Assembly) would have amended the Criminal Code of 2012 (720 ILCS 5/17-0.5 and 5/17-2) so that certain forms of false personation may be accomplished by artificial intelligence, and would have added a definition of "artificial intelligence". It was not passed before the 103rd General Assembly ended (Session Sine Die, January 7, 2025).
Prohibits and imposes criminal penalty on disclosure of certain intentionally deceptive audio or visual media within 90 days of election.
New Jersey's A3585 would make it a fourth-degree crime to knowingly or recklessly disclose, or to solicit, intentionally deceptive audio or visual media (deepfakes) within 90 days of an election with intent to deceive a voter with false information; a repeat offense would be third-degree. Voters and depicted candidates could sue, and media carrying a prescribed disclaimer would be excepted.
A bill for an act relating to the use of artificial intelligence systems and related software by state agencies for employment and other purposes.
Iowa's SSB 3014 would require a state AI-system inventory, require state agencies using automated employment decision-making tools to list them publicly and report annually to the General Assembly, and bar agencies from using AI in ways that cut employee pay or positions, affect collective bargaining rights, or take over existing employee duties. Senate subcommittee recommended passage January 27, 2026.
Establishes Deepfake Technology Unit in DLPS; appropriates $2 million.
New Jersey's A3058 would have the Attorney General, consulting the State Chief Technology Officer, establish a Deepfake Technology Unit in the Division of Criminal Justice to analyze and authenticate evidence, give expert testimony and train law enforcement, prosecutors and courts. It would appropriate $2 million from the General Fund to the Department of Law and Public Safety.
ELEC CD-DECEPTION OR FORGERY
Illinois's SB 2983 (103rd General Assembly) would have amended Election Code Sections 29-4 and 29-18 so that "deception or forgery" in the offenses of preventing voting or candidate support, and conspiracy to do so, includes creating and distributing an AI-generated digital replica of an individual, or deceptive social media content, likely to dissuade voting. It was not passed before the 103rd General Assembly ended (Session Sine Die, January 7, 2025).
To implement the recommendations of the special commission on facial recognition technology
Massachusetts H4640, a new draft of H1946, would replace G.L. c. 6, s. 220 to bar law enforcement from using facial recognition and other biometric surveillance except for State Police searches under set conditions (registrar identity checks, judge-authorized felony warrant, emergency, deceased identification, another agency's request). Reported favorably by the Judiciary Committee and referred to House Ways and Means October 23, 2025; it has not passed either chamber.
Requires covered businesses to annually report to the department of labor regarding the impact of artificial intelligence on hiring and the nature of artificial intelligence use
New York's A 9581-B passed both houses in June 2026 but has not been delivered to the Governor, so it is not law. If enacted, each covered business (one doing business in New York that employs more than 50 people or is publicly traded) would have to report to the Department of Labor by March 1 each year on AI's impact on its hiring in the prior calendar year (estimated employees displaced or with hours cut, hired or with hours added, and previously filled positions left unfilled, due in full or in part to AI) and on its AI use. Failing to report: up to $500 a day, waived or reduced if the commissioner is satisfied it was cured within 90 days of notice. It would take effect immediately.
Political campaign advertisements; synthetic media, penalty.
Virginia's HB 868 (2026 Regular Session) would bar electioneering communications containing synthetic media from being published or broadcast without a conspicuous statement that the message contains synthetic media that may present conduct or speech that did not occur. A violation would carry a civil penalty up to $25,000 and a willful violation a Class 1 misdemeanor. Continued to 2027 in committee on February 6, 2026.
To ensure accountability and transparency in artificial intelligence systems
Massachusetts H94 would add G.L. Chapter 93M requiring developers and deployers of high-risk AI systems used in consequential decisions (education, employment, lending, housing, health care, insurance, legal and government services) to guard against algorithmic discrimination, with Attorney General enforcement. On December 24, 2025 it accompanied H97, which was reported favorably and referred to House Ways and Means.
To implement the recommendations of the special commission on facial recognition technology
Massachusetts S1053 would replace G.L. c. 6, s. 220 to bar law enforcement from using facial recognition and other biometric surveillance except for State Police searches under set conditions (judge-authorized felony warrant, emergency, deceased identification, another agency's request). Reported favorably by the Judiciary Committee and referred to Senate Ways and Means September 29, 2025; it has not passed either chamber.
Urging The Department Of Transportation And Department Of Transportation Services Of The City And County Of Honolulu To Utilize Artificial Intelligence To Mitigate Traffic And Improve Road Safety In The State.
Hawaii's House Concurrent Resolution 55 (2026) would have urged the state Department of Transportation and the Honolulu Department of Transportation Services to consider adding artificial intelligence technologies to their traffic systems to reduce congestion and improve road safety. It would have requested a feasibility report to the Legislature at least twenty days before the 2027 session. The ECD committee deferred it April 8, 2026 and it was never adopted. It does not change the law.
Advanced Technology
Laid on the table; parts became law through its companion. Florida's CS/CS/CS/HB 1459 (2024) would have created the Government Technology Modernization Council, required safety and transparency disclosures for commercial AI-generated chatbot, image, audio and video output (s. 501.174), and made generated child pornography a third-degree felony. Companion CS/CS/SB 1680 (Chapter 2024-118, approved April 26, 2024, effective July 1, 2024) enacted the council and the generated child pornography crimes, but not the AI transparency and disclosure rules.
Constitutional amendment proposal excluding artificial intelligence from the right to free speech
Minnesota's SF 4114 would have put to voters a constitutional amendment adding a sentence to article I, section 3 stating that the constitutional right to freely speak, write and publish does not apply to artificial intelligence, at the 2026 general election. It would not itself have changed the law; the amendment would have needed voter approval. It does not define artificial intelligence. Introduced March 4, 2026 and never left committee.
Providing consumer protections for artificial intelligence systems.
Washington's SB 6284 (1st substitute, 2026 session) would have required developers and deployers of high-risk AI systems used to make, or be a substantial factor in, consequential decisions on employment, housing, insurance, health care, education, lending, legal services and similar matters to guard against algorithmic discrimination. Deployer duties would start July 1, 2027, consumer notice July 1, 2026, and only the Attorney General could enforce. It cleared Senate Environment, Energy & Technology on February 3, 2026, was heard in Ways & Means on February 6, and died at adjournment on March 12.
Small Business Artificial Intelligence Training Act of 2024
The Small Business Artificial Intelligence Training Act of 2024 (S. 4487) would have required the Secretary of Commerce, through NIST and the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership and in coordination with the Small Business Administration, to develop AI training resources for small businesses within 1 year, and allowed grants to people providing AI training to small businesses. Its authorities would have ended 3 years after enactment. The Senate Commerce Committee ordered it reported with a substitute amendment on July 31, 2024, and it was placed on the Senate calendar on August 1, 2024. It did not pass either house and died when the 118th Congress ended on January 3, 2025.
CREATE AI Act of 2025 Creating Resources for Every American To Experiment with Artificial Intelligence Act of 2025
The CREATE AI Act of 2025 (H.R. 2385) would have the National Science Foundation establish the National Artificial Intelligence Research Resource within 1 year of enactment, giving researchers and students access to computing, data and tools. Referred to the House Science, Space, and Technology Committee on March 26, 2025, which ordered it reported in the nature of a substitute, 29-0, on June 25, 2026. The introduced text is described here; neither house has passed the bill.
GUARDRAILS Act Guaranteeing and Upholding Americans' Right to Decide Responsible AI Laws and Standards Act
S. 4216, the GUARDRAILS Act, would provide that the December 11, 2025 Executive order 'Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence' has no force or effect and bar the use of federal funds to implement, administer, enforce or carry it out. Introduced by Sen. Schatz on March 26, 2026 and referred to the Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee; it has not passed either house.
READ AI Models Act Resources for Evaluating and Documenting AI Models
H.R. 6461, the READ AI Models Act, as introduced would direct NIST, subject to appropriations, to start a pilot program creating a modular template and technical guidelines for documenting AI models and their data. Introduced December 4, 2025 and referred to the House Science, Space, and Technology Committee, which ordered it reported in the nature of a substitute (amended) on June 25, 2026 (35-0); this page describes the introduced text. It has not passed either house.
Operation of autonomous vehicles on highways and providing a penalty.
Wisconsin's SB 831 (2025-26) would have created an Autonomous Driving Safety Board in the Department of Transportation to permit operation of Level 4 and 5 autonomous vehicles on approved highways other than interstates, with permit conditions, permit suspension and (per the LRB analysis) annual reports. The Senate transportation committee recommended passage 3-2 on March 2, 2026; it failed to pass pursuant to Senate Joint Resolution 1 on March 23, 2026.
China AI Power Report Act
H.R. 6275, the China AI Power Report Act, as introduced would require the Secretary of Commerce to report to the House Foreign Affairs and Senate Banking committees on China's advanced AI capabilities and AI supply chains: 180 days after enactment and annually for 3 years after. Introduced November 21, 2025 and referred to House Foreign Affairs, which ordered it reported with amendments on January 21, 2026 (47-0); this page describes the introduced text. It has not passed either house.
Allowing bargaining over matters related to the use of artificial intelligence.
Washington's HB 1622 (engrossed substitute, 2025-26 biennium) would have required employers covered by the public collective bargaining laws in chapters 41.56 and 41.80 RCW to bargain over the decision to adopt artificial intelligence technology, or to modify its current uses, when that affects employees' wages or performance evaluations. It passed the House 58-38 on March 8, 2025 and stalled in Senate Ways & Means. In 2026 House Appropriations recommended a 2nd substitute on January 28 and the bill was referred to Rules 2 Review on February 3, 2026, where it died.
Requesting the Joint Committee on Technology & Infrastructure to establish a Genesis Working Group to coordinate statewide planning for artificial intelligence, high-performance computing, digital infrastructure, and energy-based economic development
West Virginia's HCR 4 (2026 regular session) is a House concurrent resolution that would have asked the Joint Committee on Technology & Infrastructure to create a Genesis Working Group of legislators and state agency representatives to coordinate statewide planning for AI, high-performance computing, digital infrastructure and energy-based economic development. House Energy and Public Works recommended on January 30, 2026 that it be adopted and sent it to House Rules; neither chamber adopted it before the session ended March 14, 2026. It is a resolution and would not have changed the law.
An act relating to artificial intelligence and elections
Vermont's H.846 (2026) is a short-form bill that, per its statement of purpose, would have addressed artificial intelligence and elections. High-traffic online platforms would have had to block materially deceptive election content and label inauthentic or synthetic content around elections. Distributing an election communication with materially deceptive content 'with malice' within 120 days before a Vermont election would have been barred, and political advertisements generated or substantially altered with AI would have needed a disclosure. Referred to committee January 30, 2026; died with the biennium.
License for artificial intelligence independent verification organizations established, advisory council established, rulemaking authorized, and reports required.
Not law. Minnesota's HF 4544 would have added Minn. Stat. 325M.50 to 325M.54 letting the commissioner of commerce license AI independent verification organizations that assess whether AI models or applications meet standards for preventing personal injury and property damage. An advisory council would be created, and a verified model would get a rebuttable presumption against liability in injury suits. Verification would be voluntary. It never left committee.
AN ACT relating to use of artificial intelligence by courts.
Kentucky's HB 498 (2025 session) would have created a new section of KRS Chapter 21A in which the General Assembly respectfully requested that the Supreme Court of Kentucky start a four-year pilot project on AI transcription of court proceedings in at least three judicial districts or circuits chosen by the Chief Justice. The Administrative Office of the Courts would have evaluated it and reported each September 1. Referred to House Judiciary February 21, 2025; died when the session ended.
Establishes the position of chief artificial intelligence officer and such person's functions, powers and duties; including, but not limited to, developing statewide artificial intelligence policies and governance, coordinating the activities of any and all state departments, boards, commissions…
New York's A 10231 (2023-2024 session) would have created an Office of Artificial Intelligence in the Office of Information Technology Services, headed by a chief artificial intelligence officer appointed by the Governor with Senate consent, to set statewide AI policy, coordinate and audit state agencies' use of AI and automated decision-making systems, and report annually to the legislature. It also would have created an advisory committee. It was introduced May 15, 2024 and referred to Governmental Operations; it did not pass, and the 2023-2024 session ended without action.
A CONCURRENT RESOLUTION directing the establishment of the Commonwealth Artificial Intelligence Consortium Task Force.
Kentucky's SCR 142 (2025 session) is a concurrent resolution that would have directed the Legislative Research Commission to establish the Commonwealth Artificial Intelligence Consortium Task Force, with six legislators, five officials (including from the Council on Postsecondary Education, the Commonwealth Office of Technology and city and county associations) and four university representatives. It would have worked on AI needs, data, solutions, AI literacy and governance during the 2025 interim and submitted findings to the Commission by November 21, 2025. It went to the Senate Floor March 11, 2025 and died; a resolution does not change the law.
Requires disclosure of social media posts that are paid for by a campaign; authorizes the state board of elections to promulgate certain regulations.
New York's A 3929-B would amend Election Law § 14-106 so campaign-paid social media posts would have to carry the "Paid for by" disclosure and are not exempt as small digital media, and would require anyone who distributes political communications containing materially deceptive media (content created or altered with software, machine learning, AI or other technological means), with actual knowledge, to disclose the manipulation. A candidate depicted without consent could seek an injunction, costs and fees. Would take effect on the ninetieth day after becoming law. Reported to Rules June 5, 2025, referred to Codes January 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Mississippi Consumer Privacy Protection Act; create.
Mississippi's HB 1051 (2026) would have created the Mississippi Consumer Privacy Protection Act for businesses with over $25 million in revenue that handle personal information of 175,000+ consumers (or 25,000+ with over half of revenue from selling data). Consumers could opt out of profiling used for decisions with legal or similarly significant effects. It was referred to House Judiciary A on January 16, 2026 and died in committee on February 3, 2026.
Elections: deceptive media in advertisements.
California's AB 2839 (Elections Code 20012) bars knowingly distributing, with malice, an ad or election communication with materially deceptive content about candidates, elected or elections officials, or election equipment, from 120 days before an election (through 60 days after for elections officials and equipment). Signed September 17, 2024 (Chapter 262) as an urgency statute. In Kohls v. Bonta (E.D. Cal.), the court preliminarily enjoined enforcement on October 2, 2024 (except the audio-only disclosure part) and on August 29, 2025 held it unconstitutional and permanently enjoined the Attorney General and Secretary of State from enforcing it against the named plaintiffs.
SENATE RESOLUTION AMENDING THE RULES OF THE SENATE FOR THE YEARS 2023-2024 (This resolution would amend the rules of the Senate relative to committees and would create a new committee on artificial intelligence and emerging technologies.)
Rhode Island's Senate Resolution S 8 (January session 2025), titled 'Senate Resolution Amending the Rules of the Senate for the Years 2023-2024' as printed, amends the Senate's rules to add an 11th standing committee, the Committee on Artificial Intelligence and Emerging Technologies, which handles governor's appointments referred to it and legislation on the creation, use and regulation of AI and emerging technologies. The Senate read and passed it on January 14, 2025. It is a Senate rules resolution and does not change state law.
Requiring a disclosure of deceptive artificial intelligence usage in political advertising.
New Hampshire's HB 1596 adds RSA 664:14-c. Within 90 days of an election, no person or entity may distribute a message created with AI or generative AI that it knows or should have known is a deepfake of a candidate, election official or party on the ballot, unless the media carries the required AI disclosure. Candidates and election officials may seek an injunction or damages. Signed August 2, 2024 (Chapter 345); effective August 1, 2024.
Prohibiting the use of facial recognition technology in connection with driver's license photographs.
New Hampshire's HB 1329 adds RSA 263:40-b, which prohibits the department from using any facial recognition technology in connection with taking or retaining any photograph or digital image for purposes of RSA chapter 263 (drivers' licenses). Signed July 28, 2014 (Chapter 274); effective September 26, 2014, 60 days after passage.
An act relating to public safety; establishing a cause of action for nonconsensual dissemination of deep fake sexual images; establishing the crime of using deep fake technology to influence an election; establishing a crime for nonconsensual dissemination of deep fake sexual images
Minnesota's HF 1370 (Chapter 58) creates a civil claim (Minn. Stat. 604.32) and a crime (617.262) for disseminating without consent a deep fake that realistically depicts an identifiable person's intimate parts or sexual acts, and a crime (609.771) for disseminating a deep fake without consent to injure a candidate or influence an election. The election crime was amended in 2024 (2024 c 112) and now applies within 90 days before a political party nominating convention or after absentee voting starts for a primary or election. Signed May 26, 2023; effective August 1, 2023.
Enhancing disclosure requirements for synthetic media in political advertising
Massachusetts H846 would require paid audio or video political communications that contain synthetic media (content substantially produced by generative AI) to carry AI disclosure labels at the beginning and end and throughout the synthetic portions, with fines up to $1,000. On February 11, 2026 new draft H5094 was substituted; H5094 passed the House 157-0 that day and was referred to Senate Ways and Means February 12, 2026.
Preventing Algorithmic Collusion Act of 2025
The federal S 232 (Preventing Algorithmic Collusion Act of 2025) would make it unlawful to use or distribute a pricing algorithm that uses or was trained with nonpublic competitor data, with federal civil penalties. It would also require audit reports on request and disclosures of algorithmic pricing by companies with $5 million or more in revenue. Read twice and referred to the Senate Judiciary Committee January 23, 2025; it has not passed either house.
AI open sourced, decentralized
South Carolina's S 225 is a Senate resolution, so it would not change the law. If adopted, the Senate would express support for the development of artificial intelligence technologies in South Carolina and opposition to censorship or bias that would hamper that growth, with whereas clauses favoring open-source AI. Introduced January 15, 2025 and referred to the Senate Labor, Commerce and Industry Committee; it has not been adopted.
Report: labor force impact: artificial intelligence.
California's AB 2545 (2025-26 Regular Session) would create the California Artificial Intelligence Worker Impact Data Assessment Project in the Employment Development Department, with a 14-member advisory panel. The department would assess data sources and collection methods on how advanced AI systems affect the labor force, and the panel would report to the Legislature by January 1, 2028. Passed the Assembly 70-0; held under submission in Senate Appropriations on August 13, 2026, and not passed before the session ended.
An Act Concerning Artificial Intelligence.
Connecticut's SB 2, as passed by the Senate (File 603 as amended by Senate Amendments A and B, as described in the OLR bill analysis), would require anyone doing business in the state to tell consumers when they interact with an AI system, and deployers of high-risk AI systems used in consequential decisions to give notices, explain adverse decisions and allow correction and appeal, beginning October 1, 2026, with attorney general enforcement. It would also create AI studies, an AI Academy and a synthetic intimate image crime. Passed the Senate May 14, 2025; tabled on the House calendar May 16, 2025; it did not pass the House.
AN ACT relating to violations of privacy.
Kentucky's SB 180 would make it unlawful, without a court-approved warrant, for state and local agencies to obtain or use facial recognition technology or information derived from it, and would set consent, retention and disclosure rules for private entities holding biometric identifiers. Violations could be enforced by private suits or the Attorney General, and facial-recognition evidence would be inadmissible in Kentucky proceedings. Introduced February 6, 2024; sent to the Senate Judiciary Committee February 8, 2024. It died when the 2024 session ended.
Revised for 1st substitute: Allowing bargaining over matters related to certain uses of artificial intelligence.
Washington's SB 5422 (1st substitute, 2025-26 biennium) would have required employers covered by chapters 41.56 and 41.80 RCW to bargain over the decision to adopt artificial intelligence technology, or to modify its current uses, when that affects employees' wages or performance evaluations. It was reported from Senate Labor & Commerce on February 21, 2025, was heard in Ways & Means on February 25, took no further action, and was retained in present status on January 12, 2026. It died with the 2026 session; companion HB 1622 also died.
Creating a public county registry of the monthly rent charged by landlords for each owned unit and prohibiting landlords from using algorithms or software to determine rental rates.
New Hampshire's HB 558 would create a public county registry of monthly rents kept by registers of deeds, require landlords to file rent lists and a notarized affidavit that they used no algorithm or software to set rents, and prohibit landlords from using any algorithm or software to determine rental rates. The House Housing Committee recommended Inexpedient to Legislate (10-8) and the House adopted that on March 20, 2025, so the bill did not pass.
AI Ethics and Literacy Across Education
North Carolina's SB 640, 'AI Ethics and Literacy Across Education', would require the State Board of Education to adopt age-appropriate artificial intelligence standards for kindergarten through grade 12. The standards must cover AI basics, real-world applications, economic, legal and social issues, and responsible, ethical use. Filed March 25, 2025 and referred to the Senate Rules and Operations Committee March 26, 2025; it has not passed either chamber.
Mental health and artificial intelligence working group.
California's SB 579 (as amended in the Senate March 26, 2025) would require the Secretary of Government Operations to appoint, on or before July 1, 2026, a mental health and artificial intelligence working group to evaluate AI's role in mental health settings. The group would hold at least three public meetings, report to the Legislature by July 1, 2028 and issue a followup report by January 1, 2030, and the provisions would be repealed January 1, 2031. It was held in the Senate Appropriations Committee on May 23, 2025 and is listed as an inactive bill that died.
Autonomous Vehicles
Florida's CS/SB 712 (2018, committee substitute) would have let a fully autonomous vehicle operate in Florida whether or not a licensed human operator is physically present, with the automated driving system deemed the operator. It would have required fully autonomous vehicles to carry at least $500,000 in combined liability coverage (plus PIP and uninsured motorist coverage), allowed the Florida Turnpike Enterprise to build test facilities, and exempted autonomous vehicles from the in-vehicle video display ban. Scheduled to take effect July 1, 2018, it died in Banking and Insurance on March 10, 2018.
"AI Accountability Act"; enact
Georgia's SB 37, the "AI Accountability Act" (as introduced, LC 59 0049), would require every governmental entity (including departments, agencies, counties, municipalities and school systems) to publish on a public website by December 31, 2026, and then maintain, an artificial intelligence system usage plan. It would also create a 12-member Georgia Board for Artificial Intelligence to publish model plans. Introduced January 2025 and read and referred January 28, 2025; it did not pass either house and died when the 2025-2026 session ended.
A bill for an act relating to the publication of electioneering communications containing synthetic media, and providing penalties.
Iowa's SF 2166 would prohibit knowingly or recklessly publishing an electioneering communication containing AI-manipulated synthetic media within 90 days of an election unless it carries a required AI disclaimer. Civil penalties are up to $1,000 for a first offense and $5,000 for later ones; knowing violation with intent to defraud is a serious misdemeanor. Referred to Senate State Government January 29, 2026; subcommittee named February 3, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
A bill for an act relating to the use of synthetic media in campaign materials, and making penalties applicable.
Iowa's SSB 3039 (proposed by the Ethics and Campaign Disclosure Board) would require published campaign material containing synthetic media (realistic but false manipulated images, audio or video) to prominently include the words "THIS CONTENT GENERATED USING SYNTHETIC MEDIA." Senate subcommittee recommended amendment and passage January 21, 2026. The House counterpart HF 2609 has passed the House.
Relating to the use of artificial intelligence to score certain portions of assessment instruments administered to public school students.
Texas's HB 5282 (89th Legislature, 2025, as introduced) would have required the agency to prohibit using AI, including AI-based algorithms and automated scoring engines, to score constructed (written) responses on state assessment instruments under Education Code section 39.023. Machine scoring of multiple choice would remain allowed, and an AI method could be used if trained on representative samples including educationally disadvantaged, emergent bilingual or special education students, shown valid and reliable, and certified by an independent evaluator as showing no measurable bias against them. Referred to Public Education April 7, 2025; it died in committee.
Requires boards of education to adopt policy on use of surveillance systems with artificial intelligence capabilities.
New Jersey's A4639 would require a school district board of education, or a charter or renaissance school project board of trustees, that uses a surveillance system with AI capabilities, including a video surveillance system, x-ray machine or body scanner, to adopt a policy on it, distribute it to parents and post signs. Introduced June 25, 2024; second reprint as reported by the Assembly Education Committee with amendments on December 18, 2025. A bill of the Legislature's 2024-2025 session, which ended January 13, 2026.
Right to Compute Act
South Carolina's H 4657, the Right to Compute Act, would add Chapter 35 to Title 1. A deployer of AI that controls critical infrastructure in whole or part would have to develop a reasonable risk management policy, and government restrictions on private use of computing resources would have to be demonstrably necessary and narrowly tailored to a compelling interest. Introduced January 13, 2026 and referred to the House Labor, Commerce and Industry Committee; it has not passed either chamber.
Human services: medical services; use of artificial intelligence tools to make decisions regarding claims; prohibit. Amends 1939 PA 280 (MCL 400.1 - 400.119b) by adding sec. 107b.
Michigan's HB 4537 would add section 107b to the social welfare act (1939 PA 280) providing that the department or a contracted health plan shall not deny, modify, or delay a claim under the medical assistance program based on a review using artificial intelligence. Introduced June 3, 2025; re-referred to the House Committee on Communications and Technology March 19, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
A bill for an act requiring community colleges, school districts, and institutions under the control of the state board of regents to adopt policies related to the use of artificial intelligence by students and employees.
Iowa's HF 2153 would require community colleges, school districts and Board of Regents institutions to adopt policies by July 1, 2028 on how students and employees may and may not use artificial intelligence, and to publish them. The Department of Education and the Board of Regents would post the policies they receive. Referred to the House Education Committee January 26, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
A bill for an act modifying the duties of the workforce development board, state board of education, and department of education related to cyber and artificial intelligence. (Formerly HSB 609.)
Iowa's HF 2528 (formerly HSB 609) would direct the workforce development board, state board of education and Department of Education to build cyber and artificial intelligence workforce and education initiatives, including a voluntary school certification program and a community awareness effort. A grant program would be subject to appropriation. Placed on the House calendar February 16, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Eavesdropping, Peeping, and Voyeurism
South Carolina's H 3042 would amend Section 16-17-470 on eavesdropping, peeping and voyeurism. It would add voyeurism by creating, with generative adversarial network techniques or other digital technology, a realistic but false image, audio or video of another person for sexual gratification, and cover selling or distributing such material. It also raises penalties. Introduced January 14, 2025 and referred to the House Judiciary Committee; it has not passed either chamber.
Artificial Intelligence Electives
South Carolina's H 4582, 'Artificial Intelligence Electives', would add Section 59-59-260. Starting in the 2026-2027 school year, school districts may offer age-appropriate instruction on accessing, using and critically evaluating AI tools, and the Department of Education must issue implementation guidance. Introduced January 13, 2026 and referred to the House Education and Public Works Committee; it has not passed either chamber.
Artificial intelligence.
Vetoed. California's AB 594 (2019) would have added Government Code § 11546.11, letting the Director of Technology designate a position in the Department of Technology to evaluate uses of AI in state government and advise on adding AI to state IT plans, policies, standards and enterprise architecture. By January 1, 2021, the Department, consulting stakeholders and considering the Future of Work Commission's recommendations, would have had to adopt guidelines for AI in state government, with standards for ethical use for the public good, efficiency, emerging technologies and benefiting workers. Governor Newsom vetoed it October 2, 2019.
AI Fraud Accountability Act of 2026
The federal S. 3982 (AI Fraud Accountability Act of 2026) would make it a federal crime, punishable by up to 3 years in prison and a fine, to pose falsely as a real or imaginary person in an AI-made or other computer-generated audio or visual impersonation, intended to be taken as genuine, to defraud someone. It would also make the conduct an FTC-enforced unfair or deceptive practice. Referred to the Senate Commerce Committee March 4, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Ensuring Safe and Ethical AI Development Through SAFE AI Research Grants
The federal H.R. 6402 (Ensuring Safe and Ethical AI Development Through SAFE AI Research Grants) would require the Director of the National Academy of Sciences to establish a grant program to encourage safe AI models and safe AI research, guided by public principles developed with stakeholders. Within one year the Director would send Congress a detailed proposal with a budget. Referred to the House Science Committee December 3, 2025; it has not passed either chamber.
Provides for municipal and state police authorities to acquire and to utilize automated license plate readers and identify what data may be collected and in what ways the data can be used.
Rhode Island H 8077 (2026), as introduced on February 27, 2026, would let municipal and state police use automated license plate readers under a new chapter 12-5.3. Readers could scan plates only for listed purposes, could not photograph vehicle occupants or record audio, and captured plate data would be deleted after 21 days except for stated exceptions. The attorney general and aggrieved persons could sue. The text takes effect January 1, 2027.
Relative to providing multimodal transportation technologies
Massachusetts' H 3634 would add a framework in General Laws chapter 90 to let fully autonomous vehicles run on public roads without a human driver. Each vehicle would need an autonomous operation license from MassDOT and, before driverless operation, proof of $1 million in liability coverage and a law-enforcement interaction plan. On-demand autonomous vehicle networks would be allowed and local rules on them preempted. Referred to Transportation February 27, 2025; on April 6, 2026 it accompanied a study order (H 5326) and did not advance as its own bill.
Synthetic digital representations and providing a penalty.
Wisconsin's SB 815 would have created s. 942.085, making it a Class A misdemeanor to create and post, publish, distribute or exhibit a deepfake (a synthetic digital representation of an individual's recognizable face, voice or likeness that looks authentic and was made without consent) with intent to coerce, harass or intimidate, and a Class I felony if done with intent to defraud, coerce or intimidate for monetary gain. Introduced January 14, 2026 and referred to committee; it failed to pass March 23, 2026.
STATE GOVT AI ACT
Illinois' SB1366 would create the State Government AI Act. The Department of Innovation and Technology would have to adopt rules before January 1, 2028 on the development, procurement, deployment, use and assessment of AI by State agencies, and from January 1, 2028 agencies could not deploy or use AI unless those rules permit it. Filed January 29, 2025 and referred to the Senate Assignments Committee; it has not passed either house.
Requires school districts to provide instruction on artificial intelligence; requires Secretary of Higher Education to develop artificial intelligence model curricula.
New Jersey's S2862 would require each school district to include AI instruction in grades K-12 within its Computer Science and Design Thinking standards. It would require public higher education institutions to offer AI certificate and degree programs, and the Secretary of Higher Education to develop AI model curricula. Pre-filed for introduction in the 2026 session.
Requires artificial intelligence companies to conduct safety tests and report results to Office of Information Technology.
New Jersey's S1802 would require AI companies, meaning private entities or public agencies that sell, develop, deploy, use or offer AI technology in New Jersey, to test all their AI technology annually under Office of Information Technology requirements and report results to the Office. Pre-filed for introduction in the 2026 session.
Relating To Technology.
Hawaii's HB 2245 (2024) would have required the Office of Enterprise Technology Services to establish an artificial intelligence government services pilot program delivering services such as unemployment, death certificates, building permits and driver's licenses through an internet portal using AI technologies, with a report before the 2025 session. It was referred to HET and FIN on January 26, 2024 and was not enacted.
Mississippi Dyslexia Generative Artificial Intelligence Education and Workforce Development Act; create.
Mississippi's HB 1242 (2026), the Mississippi Dyslexia Generative Artificial Intelligence Education and Workforce Development Act, would establish a program within the Department of Education to develop and deploy a state-funded, open-access dyslexia curriculum and generative AI system for public schools, correctional education, adult literacy and workforce training. Lighthouse Academy for Dyslexia and the Mississippi Dyslexia Institute would be founding development partners. It died in committee on February 3, 2026.
Informing users when content is developed or modified by artificial intelligence.
Washington's AI content provenance law (Chapter 167, Laws of 2026, effective February 1, 2027). Providers of generative AI systems with more than 1,000,000 monthly users that are publicly available in Washington must, where commercially and technically reasonable, embed provenance data in images, video and audio their systems create or materially alter, made hard to remove; a common standard such as C2PA complies. Business-to-business uses, video game experiences and upscaling or compression tools are excluded. Only the Attorney General enforces it, under the Consumer Protection Act. Separately, government agencies must tell consumers when they are interacting with an AI system.
California Unconditional Benefit Program: employment replaced by automation or artificial intelligence: pilot program.
California's AB 3058 (2023-24 Regular Session) would establish, until January 1, 2029, the California Unconditional Benefit Income (CalUBI) Pilot Program in the Employment Development Department, upon appropriation. An eligible person found unemployed because of automation or artificial intelligence who has received the maximum unemployment benefits could apply for $1,000 a month for 12 months. Its only hearing, April 8, 2024, was canceled at the author's request; not passed.
Relative to prohibiting the unlawful distribution of misleading synthetic media.
New Hampshire's HB 1500-FN would have made it a class A misdemeanor to purposely distribute synthetic media (media created or modified with artificial intelligence algorithms) of an identifiable person without consent and without a conspicuous synthetic-media notice, intending to mislead others. An election-related offense would have covered the 90 days before an election. Referred for interim study March 14, 2024; the October 31, 2024 report was Not Recommended for Future Legislation, so it is dead.
Requires AG to study law enforcement use of facial recognition technology and issue report with recommendations for Statewide policy.
New Jersey's A759 would require the Attorney General to study law enforcement use of facial recognition technology and report to the Governor and Legislature within six months of the bill's effective date, with recommendations for a statewide policy covering State and local law enforcement agencies.
Establishes "Artificial Intelligence Innovation Partnership"; provides funding for certain nonprofit partnerships to promote certain emerging technology businesses.
New Jersey's S1668 would establish the Artificial Intelligence Innovation Partnership, administered by the New Jersey Commission on Science, Innovation and Technology, in which certified nonprofit partners in four regions support emerging AI technology businesses. Partners could apply for grants from a new non-lapsing fund, matched by private funds on a minimum basis set by the Commission.
Establishes public-private partnerships to develop artificial intelligence job training.
New Jersey's S2942 would let the Commissioner of Labor and Workforce Development contract with private entities in public-private partnerships to develop AI training, providing retraining for displaced workers and advancing the workforce's AI skills. The private entity would be exempt from procurement and contracting requirements and from prevailing wage requirements.
Prohibits the use of facial recognition and biometric information as the sole factor in determining the existence of probable cause to place in custody or arrest an individual.
New York's A 1447 would amend the Executive Law (new § 837-z) so that biometric identifying technology, including facial recognition, cannot be the sole factor in determining probable cause to place a person in custody or arrest them. By January 1, 2027, every municipal police department, sheriff's office and the State Police would have to adopt a written policy barring stops, detentions or searches solely motivated by the technology, or the Division of Criminal Justice Services would order a penalty of withheld state funds. Would take effect immediately. Referred to Governmental Operations January 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Establishes programs in EDA to support New Jersey-based start-up, small businesses, and medium-sized businesses adopting artificial intelligence capabilities; appropriates $175.5 million.
New Jersey's A2480 would create three Economic Development Authority programs: financial assistance for AI businesses based in New Jersey through a revolving loan fund, an AI for Small Business Grant Program for start-ups and small businesses, and a consultancy program for small and medium-sized businesses adopting AI. It would appropriate $175.5 million from the General Fund.
Directs DEP to establish artificial intelligence flood prediction and mapping tool.
New Jersey's A3087 would require the Department of Environmental Protection, in consultation with institutions of higher education and private sector technology companies, to build and deploy an AI tool that uses satellite imagery, rainfall data and climate models to identify high-risk flood zones at the block or neighborhood level, available to municipalities, county planning agencies, emergency managers and the public.
Establishes Office of Cybersecurity Infrastructure.
New Jersey's S2940 would create the Office of Cybersecurity Infrastructure, in but not of the Department of the Treasury, led by a full-time Director appointed by the Governor with Senate consent. Its mandate would include State cybersecurity policy, secure technology infrastructure, and AI policies so public and private institutions can safely integrate AI into professional practices.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 49, relative to artificial intelligence.
Tennessee SB 1711 (Public Chapter 550) defines artificial intelligence and requires the University of Tennessee board, the board of regents and each state university board to adopt policies on AI use by students, faculty and staff for instruction and assignments, to be implemented by July 1, 2025 and posted online; boards that miss the deadline must appear before the joint government operations committee. Local boards of education and public charter school governing bodies must adopt AI-use policies for students, teachers and staff for the 2024-25 school year and report compliance to the department of education. Effective on signing, March 11, 2024.
Provides civil penalties for campaign advertisements containing "deepfake" misrepresentations of candidates.
New Jersey's A4163 would make a covered person liable for fraudulent misrepresentation of a candidate if they knowingly and intentionally disseminate a campaign advertisement containing a deepfake of that candidate, unless it carries a prescribed disclosure and embedded content provenance. A candidate could sue for punitive damages and daily civil penalties of up to $15,000, $50,000 or $250,000 by office. Introduced February 19, 2026.
Requires disclosure to be made when generative artificial intelligence is used to operate chatbots that provide election related information.
New Jersey's A4729 would require a chatbot that uses generative AI to provide election-related information or information on a candidate's accomplishments, positions or qualifications to give a clear, conspicuous disclosure, before the content, that it is AI-generated. The person overseeing the chatbot would be liable for up to $6,000 for a first offense and up to $12,000 for each later one. This describes the bill as introduced March 10, 2026; later committee amendments, if any, are not reflected.
Protecting Everyone from Excessive Police Surveillance (PEEPS) Act
West Virginia's HB 4628, the Protecting Everyone from Excessive Police Surveillance (PEEPS) Act (2026 regular session), would have barred government officials from accessing databases of photos, video, license plate, facial recognition or cell site data that reveal locations more than 24 hours old unless there is a warrant, voluntary consent, a reported lost or stolen vehicle, exigent circumstances, or specified traffic, toll and parking uses. Data could be kept no more than 10 days. It was sent to House Judiciary on January 21, 2026 and died when the session ended March 14, 2026.
Pupil instruction: health framework: sexual health.
California's AB 1792 (Education Code § 51900.3) requires the Instructional Quality Commission, in the next revision of the Health Framework for California Public Schools, to consider including, and recommending to the State Board of Education, sexual health content teaching pupils about dating abuse and digital violence. AI figures in the digital-safety part: understanding the risks of nonconsensual intimate imagery, deepfakes, online grooming, sextortion, stalking and the misuse of generative AI. The content also covers legal rights and support resources and LGBTQIA+ pupils' experiences. Signed September 18, 2026 (Chapter 273); effective January 1, 2027.
Establishes Artificial Intelligence Grant Program in Office of Secretary of Higher Education.
New Jersey's A3072 would create an Artificial Intelligence Grant Program in the Office of the Secretary of Higher Education to fund nonprofits providing AI education and training. Each year the Secretary would select four nonprofits for grants of up to $25,000 each, paid from an Artificial Intelligence Education Fund. The text reviewed is the pre-filed version.
Requires AG to study use of artificial intelligence for certain law enforcement purposes and issue report.
New Jersey's A3076 would require the Attorney General to study how law enforcement agencies use AI to generate police reports and report to the Governor and Legislature within six months of the act's effective date, with recommendations for a Statewide policy. The text reviewed is the pre-filed version.
Directs professional and occupational boards to promulgate rules for licensee use of generative artificial intelligence.
New Jersey's A4731, in its first reprint, would direct the Director of the Division of Consumer Affairs to adopt rules within six months setting a model policy for licensee use of generative AI, and each professional and occupational board to adopt it within nine months. Introduced March 10, 2026; reported by the Assembly Science, Innovation and Technology Committee with amendments on March 16, 2026.
Relating To Journalism.
Hawaii's SB 1618 (2025) would have created a journalistic code of ethics for news media outlets, administered by a Journalistic Ethics Commission within DCCA. Journalists, editors and outlets would have to prominently label AI-generated or AI-manipulated content and not use an AI tool to impersonate an individual or misrepresent facts. It was carried over to 2026, re-referred January 21, 2026 and died. Independent journalists and bloggers with fewer than 10,000 monthly readers would have been exempt.
Restricts use of certain artificial intelligence generated communications in election campaigns.
New Jersey's A4741 would restrict AI-generated election campaign communications. Covered communications created or altered with AI could not be published within 90 days before an election, must carry the label 'Artificial intelligence was used in creating this message', and could not contain AI deceptive media portraying an opposing candidate as demonstrably false, fraudulent or defamatory. A violation would be a fourth-degree crime. Introduced March 19, 2026.
Instructing the enrolling clerk of the senate to make corrections in S.B. No. 1964.
Urging the United States Congress to suspend any and all efforts to pass Federal legislation that would impose a moratorium on state-level artificial intelligence regulation; recognizing the potential benefits along with the risks of misuse and systemic harm of artificial intelligence…
Pennsylvania's HR 425 (2025-26) is a House resolution, so it does not change the law. It urges Congress to suspend efforts to pass federal legislation imposing a moratorium on state-level AI regulation, affirms the General Assembly's authority to legislate on AI, and urges the President and Justice Department to cease threats of legal action or broadband funding limits against state AI laws. The House adopted it 131-72 on September 30, 2026.
Requires Commissioner of Labor and Workforce Development to conduct study and issue report on impact of artificial intelligence on growth of State's economy.
New Jersey's A2069 would require the Commissioner of Labor and Workforce Development, in consultation with the New Jersey Commission on Science, Innovation and Technology, to study the impact of AI on the State's economy and report within one year of the effective date. The text reviewed is the pre-filed version.
Providing for a public education campaign focused on educating the public about artificial intelligence and improving AI consumer literacy.
Pennsylvania's HB 2314 (2025-26), the Artificial Intelligence Public Education Campaign Act, would require the Office of Attorney General, subject to funding being available and within one year of the act's effective date, to run a public education campaign on AI and AI consumer literacy, including AI scams, chatbots and deepfake detection. It passed the House 198-3 on June 3, 2026 and was referred to the Senate Communications & Technology Committee on June 5, 2026.
Creating an exception to the restricted uses of artificial intelligence by state agencies.
New Hampshire's HB 1506 (2026) would let the commissioner or head of a state agency request an exception to the applicability of RSA 5-D, the chapter on state agency use of artificial intelligence. Approval by the Department of Information Technology commissioner would be followed by a final decision of the executive council. The House referred it for interim study on March 11, 2026; the docket lists a work session on October 15 and an executive session on October 22, 2026.
Provides for a joint legislative committee to study regulations regarding artificial intelligence
Louisiana's HCR 66 is a concurrent resolution, adopted by the House 85-0 on May 9 and the Senate 35-0 on May 29, 2024, that requests the Joint Legislative Committee on Technology and Cybersecurity to study and make recommendations on the use and regulation of artificial intelligence. It cites risks in education, criminal justice evidence, finance, health care and revenue collection, and possible benefits for state government. The committee is to actively solicit data and testimony and report policy recommendations to the legislature annually. A concurrent resolution does not change the law.
Enacts the "Shirley Myers White Right To Reconciliation and Digital Identity Repair Act"; establishes a right for individuals to have outdated, inaccurate, or incomplete public and digital narratives corrected once a legal matter is resolved; requires institutions to provide mechanisms for context…
New York's A 10909, the "Shirley Myers White Right To Reconciliation and Digital Identity Repair Act," would add Executive Law § 296-e giving individuals a right to have outdated, inaccurate or incomplete narratives corrected after a legal matter is resolved. Among its domains, entities using automated tools for screening, ranking or decision-making would have to give notice when adverse decisions rely on automated narrative sources, allow correction, and ensure human review when narrative harm is alleged. Referred to the Governmental Operations Committee April 8, 2026; it has not passed either house.
ALGORITHMICS PROHIBITED-RENT
Illinois's HB 1427 (104th General Assembly) would create the Prohibition of Algorithmics in Rent Act. In setting residential rent, including renewal changes, a landlord could not use, or cause another to use, an algorithmic device that uses, incorporates or was trained with nonpublic competitor data. A violation would be an unlawful practice under the Consumer Fraud Act. Re-referred to Rules March 27, 2026.
Relative to the right to compute.
New Hampshire's HB 1124 would enact a Right to Compute Act (new RSA chapter 507-J) barring any state or local government entity from restricting the ability to privately own or use computational resources for lawful purposes, except as demonstrably necessary and narrowly tailored to fulfill a compelling government interest. The House passed it by voice vote on March 11, 2026 after a 15-0 Ought to Pass committee report. The Senate Judiciary Committee recommended interim study (vote 5-0) and the Senate referred it to interim study on May 14, 2026; it has not passed the Senate and has not become law.
Requires certain State agencies to establish expedited approval and permitting procedures for artificial intelligence data centers powered by small modular nuclear reactors.
New Jersey's A4769 would require the Board of Public Utilities, the Department of Community Affairs and the Department of Environmental Protection to adopt rules within 12 months creating expedited approval and permitting procedures for AI data centers powered by on-site small modular nuclear reactors. Introduced March 19, 2026.
USE OF AI BY STATE GOVERNMENT
Illinois' SB2117 would amend the Department of Innovation and Technology Act to expand the Generative AI and Natural Language Processing Task Force so that it also recommends policies for State agencies' procurement, deployment and use of generative AI, recommends prohibited agency uses, and assesses the effect of such use on State services. Filed February 7, 2025 and referred to the Senate Assignments Committee; it has not passed either house.
Urge Congress to reject moratorium on state regulation of AI
Ohio's SCR 14 is a concurrent resolution that would urge Congress to reject any moratorium on state laws regulating artificial intelligence. It would condemn such a moratorium in all its forms and urge members of Congress to reject it in federal legislation and executive orders. Offered in the Senate on December 17, 2025 and referred to the Senate Financial Institutions, Insurance and Technology Committee on February 11, 2026; it has not been adopted. It is a resolution and would not change Ohio law even if adopted.
Protecting consumers in interactions with artificial intelligence systems
Massachusetts's H 97 would add Chapter 93M requiring developers and deployers of high-risk AI systems (those making or substantially influencing decisions on education, employment, finance, government services, health care, housing, insurance or legal services) to use reasonable care against algorithmic discrimination, with documentation, risk programs, impact assessments and consumer notices, and requiring disclosure when consumers interact with AI. Reported favorably and referred to House Ways and Means December 24, 2025; it has not passed either house.
Establishing the Office of Transformation and Opportunity and the Artificial Intelligence, Data Center and Emerging Technology Regulatory Sandbox Program; and providing for powers and duties of office and for permits for high impact data centers that have their own power.
Pennsylvania's SB 939 (Printer's No. 1424) would create an Office of Transformation and Opportunity in the Governor's Office, with an AI, Data Center and Emerging Technology Regulatory Sandbox Program letting participants test products for 12 months with waived licensing, and a 120-day permit track for certain high impact data centers that generate their own power. Referred to the Senate Communications and Technology Committee July 14, 2025; amended in committee February 4, 2026; it has not passed the Senate.
ELECT CODE-DEEP FAKE VIDEO
Illinois' SB 3171 (101st General Assembly, 2019-2020) would have added Section 29-21 to the Election Code. A person would commit a Class A misdemeanor by creating a deep fake video, with intent to injure a candidate or influence the result of an election, and causing it to be published or distributed within 30 days of an election. Introduced February 11, 2020 by Sen. Stadelman; it did not pass, and the session ended January 13, 2021 (Session Sine Die).
CRIM CD-ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENC
Illinois's SB 1554 (104th General Assembly) would amend the Criminal Code of 2012 (Sections 17-0.5 and 17-2) so that certain forms of false personation may be accomplished by artificial intelligence, and would add a definition of artificial intelligence. Assigned to the Senate Criminal Law Committee March 12, 2025; re-referred to Assignments April 11, 2025.
Artificial Intelligence Literacy in Education Act of 2025
The District of Columbia's B26-0491 (Artificial Intelligence Literacy in Education Act of 2025) would require each local education agency serving grades 9-12 to adopt and implement a model AI literacy policy on appropriate use and instruction of AI by students and staff, and direct OSSE to issue guidance and require educator training. Introduced November 17, 2025; referred to the Committee of the Whole December 2, 2025; it has not passed.
Enacts the "digital fairness act"; requires any entity that conducts business in New York and maintains the personal information of 500 or more individuals to provide meaningful notice about their use of personal information; establishes unlawful discriminatory practices relating to targeted…
New York's S 4276 (the digital fairness act) would require businesses holding personal information of 500 or more people to give short-form privacy notices, get opt-in consent, and bar discriminatory targeted advertising. It would also set rules for government automated decision systems: use policies, notice, human review and impact assessments. Referred to the Senate Internet and Technology Committee February 3, 2025, and again January 7, 2026; it has not passed either house.
Criminal procedure: sentencing guidelines; guidelines for dissemination of deep fake sexual images; enact. Amends sec. 17b, ch. XVII of 1927 PA 175 (MCL 777.17b).
Michigan's HB 5570 (2024) would have amended section 17b of chapter XVII of the Code of Criminal Procedure (MCL 777.17b) to add dissemination of an intimate deep fake with aggravating factors (MCL 752.388(3)) to the sentencing guidelines list of chapter 752 felonies, as a class F felony with a 3-year statutory maximum. It passed the House 108-2 on June 12, 2024 and was placed on third reading in the Senate on December 20, 2024, but was not passed before the 2023-24 session ended, so it died.
Criminal Law - Mail and Package Theft (Porch Piracy Act of 2025)
Maryland's HB 210 (2025, the Porch Piracy Act of 2025, third reader) is a mail and package theft bill. It would have made taking mail or a package addressed to someone else a felony (up to 5 years), created penalties for mail theft and arrow-key offenses, and added mail theft under Criminal Law section 3-905.1 to the list of crimes in Criminal Procedure section 2-503(a)(1)(i) that police may investigate using facial recognition technology. It passed the House 137-0 and was referred to Senate Judicial Proceedings March 17, 2025; it died when the session ended.
Creates a temporary state commission to study and investigate how to regulate artificial intelligence, robotics and automation; repeals such commission.
New York's A 9559 would have created a temporary 14-member “New York state artificial intelligence, robotics and automation commission” to study how to regulate AI, robotics and automation, including current state law, other states' policies, civil and criminal liability for entities equipped with AI, employment impact, use in weaponry and public sector applications. Members would serve without compensation and a final report was due no later than thirty days before the act expired on December 31, 2025. Referred to Science and Technology March 20, 2024; it died at the end of the 2023-2024 session.
Enacts the New York Artificial Intelligence Civil Rights Act establishing protections for individual rights with respect to computational algorithms; establishes protections against the use of algorithms involved in consequential decisions, such as those that impact people's rights, civil…
New York's A 9654 (the New York Artificial Intelligence Civil Rights Act) would bar developers and deployers from using covered algorithms in consequential actions (such as employment, housing, credit, health care, insurance, education, criminal justice and government services) in ways that discriminate or have a disparate impact on protected characteristics. It would require independent audits where harm is plausible. Referred to the Assembly Science and Technology Committee January 21, 2026; it has not passed either house.
Establishes NJ Artificial Intelligence Advisory Council.
New Jersey's A4400 would create the New Jersey Artificial Intelligence Advisory Council, located in but not part of the Office of Information Technology, to study State agency use of AI. The seven voting members would assess whether State agencies need an AI code of ethics, recommend guidelines, review automated decision systems, and report to the Governor and Legislature within one year of the first meeting. Introduced May 16, 2024. A bill of the Legislature's 2024-2025 session, which ended January 13, 2026.
Prohibits collection of biometric identifier information by public or private entity under certain circumstances.
New Jersey's S 1463 would bar public and private entities in the State from collecting, retaining, converting, storing or sharing biometric identifier information gathered through biometric surveillance systems (including facial, iris, retina, voice, fingerprint or palm recognition), but would let them collect it if they post clear notice at every common entryway. Violations would carry civil penalties of $5,000 and $10,000, and a pattern of violations would be a crime. Referred to the Senate Law and Public Safety Committee January 13, 2026; it has not passed either house.
Generative Artificial Intelligence - Training Data Transparency
Maryland's HB 823 (2025) would have required developers of generative AI systems released on or after January 1, 2022 for public use in Maryland to publish documentation on their website describing the training data, on or before January 1, 2026 and before each release or substantial modification (new State Finance and Procurement section 3.5-807). A House Economic Matters hearing was set for February 18, 2025; the bill went no further and died when the session ended.
Video Surveillance
South Carolina's H 4675 would create the Community Data Protection and Responsible Surveillance Act. State and local law enforcement could not use surveillance systems (automated license plate readers) that store data on third-party servers or use AI to identify or track vehicles by appearance. Data would be kept at most 21 days and searched only with a warrant. Referred to the House Judiciary Committee January 13, 2026; it has not passed either house.
Election Law - Influence on a Voter's Voting Decision By Use of Fraud - Prohibition
Maryland's SB 361 (2025, third reader text) would have added to the election law ban on influencing a voter's decision by force, threat or bribery a ban on doing so through fraud, with fraud including the use of synthetic media: an image, audio or video recording intentionally created or manipulated with generative AI or other digital technology to create a realistic but false image or recording. Violators would face the existing misdemeanor penalty (up to $5,000, 5 years, or both). It passed the Senate, was amended by the House, and went to conference; the Senate adopted the conference report April 7, 2025 (39-8), but the history shows no House action on it, so it died.
An act relating to the use and oversight of artificial intelligence in State government
Vermont's H.410 (Act 132 of 2022) acts on the state's Artificial Intelligence Task Force recommendations. It creates a Division of Artificial Intelligence within the Agency of Digital Services, led by a Director of AI who serves as the State's expert on AI use and oversight in government, and an Artificial Intelligence Council to advise on a code of ethics and AI policy. New 3 V.S.A. 3305 requires the Agency to review and inventory all automated decision systems developed, employed or procured by State government, including systems using machine learning or other AI to make or support government decisions, with annual updates. Signed May 24, 2022; effective July 1, 2022.
Establishes the transitional wage insurance program under which the department of labor provides temporary supplemental payments to eligible individuals who accept new employment at a lower wage than their prior employment.
New York's A 10183 would create a transitional wage insurance program run by the Department of Labor, paying temporary supplements to unemployment-insurance claimants who take lower-paid work after losing a job in whole or substantial part to automation or AI. Referred to the Assembly Labor Committee February 12, 2026; it has not passed either house.
Artificial intelligence and cybersecurity.
Indiana's SB 150 (Public Law 108 of 2024) creates a 15-member legislative AI task force (IC 2-5-53.7) that studies AI used, developed or considered by state agencies, assesses its benefits, risks and effects on residents' rights, privacy, employment and economic welfare, and reports recommendations by October 31 each year. From July 1, 2025, state agencies may submit AI inventories and public entities may adopt technology and cybersecurity policies; entities connecting to state technology infrastructure after July 1, 2026 (public entities after July 1, 2027) must meet cybersecurity rules. Signed March 13, 2024; task force effective July 1, 2024; the AI chapters expire December 31, 2027.
Requests the Legislative Youth Advisory Council to discuss artificial intelligence issues that may affect young people in Louisiana
Louisiana HR302 is a House resolution, not a law and it does not change the law. It urges the Legislative Youth Advisory Council, a body of 31 high school students under R.S. 24:973.1, to discuss artificial intelligence issues that may affect young people in Louisiana. The House adopted it June 1, 2026 (yeas 96, nays 0); as a simple resolution it needed no action by the Senate or the Governor.
$CMS-AI PROCUREMENT
Illinois's SB 2780 (104th General Assembly) would appropriate $250,000, or so much as may be necessary, from the General Revenue Fund to the Department of Central Management Services for a grant to Amp AI, doing business as Nozma, to conduct a procurement modernization and artificial intelligence pilot program. Its Section 99 sets an effective date of July 1, 2026. Last action: referred to Assignments July 2, 2026 under Senate Rule 3-9(b).
International AI Energy Grid Modernization Strategy Act
The federal H.R. 7697 (International AI Energy Grid Modernization Strategy Act) would require the Secretary of State, with other agencies, to develop and implement an international strategy for AI research and development to modernize electrical grids, and to report on progress starting 540 days after enactment and annually for 5 years. Introduced February 25, 2026 and referred to the House Foreign Affairs Committee; no further action.
Personal delivery devices
Indiana's HB 1072 (P.L. 15-2021) authorizes delivery robots. A personal delivery device is a powered device of up to 500 pounds, excluding cargo, used mainly on sidewalks and crosswalks to carry property and capable of navigating with or without the active control or monitoring of an individual. Devices may operate on sidewalks, crosswalks, roads and streets, but not on state highway system routes inside municipalities, and must carry a unique identifying number and operator identification. Operators need $100,000 of liability insurance, and local governments may restrict devices by ordinance after a public meeting and notice to affected companies. Effective July 1, 2021.
Computers and Electronic Processing - As enacted, requires TACIR to study artificial intelligence and submit a report to the governor and both speakers by January 31, 2027. - Amends TCA Title 29; Title 33; Title 39 and Title 47.
HB 1455 is the House companion of SB 1493, which became Tennessee Public Chapter 1066 after the House passed the Senate bill in its place on April 23, 2026. The law directs the Tennessee Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations (TACIR) to study AI and report by January 31, 2027 on its risks (child safety, death or injury, property loss), ways to reduce them, ways to stop AI from giving dangerous prompts such as encouraging suicide or violent crime, and the risks of chatbots acting human or offering emotional support or health care. Introduced as a felony bill, it was rewritten into this study. Signed May 22, 2026; effective immediately.
Requests the Joint Committee on Technology and Cybersecurity to study the impact of artificial intelligence in operations, procurement, and policy.
Louisiana's SCR 49 is a concurrent resolution, adopted by the Senate 35-0 on May 26 and the House 99-0 on June 7, 2023, that urges and requests the Joint Legislative Committee on Technology and Cybersecurity to study the impact of AI on operations, procurement and policy and to research advancing technology to keep state agencies' policies, processes and systems current. Its written report, with recommendations and specific legislative proposals, was due to the House and Senate commerce committees 60 days before the 2024 Regular Session. A concurrent resolution does not change the law.
CyberBay
Florida's Senate Resolution 1816 recognizes CyberBay as a cybersecurity and artificial intelligence innovation region within the Tampa Bay area. It acknowledges Florida's leadership in cybersecurity preparedness and the roles of the University of South Florida, its Bellini College of Artificial Intelligence, Cybersecurity and Computing, Cyber Florida, municipal partners and private-sector stakeholders in workforce development and innovation, and affirms the importance of continued public-private collaboration. Adopted by the Senate March 12, 2026; a resolution of one chamber that does not change the law.
OMA-AUTOMATED REQUEST
Illinois's HB 31 (104th General Assembly) would amend the Freedom of Information Act to define an "automated request" as one a public body reasonably believes was drafted with AI assistance or submitted without specific, affirmative human action. Public bodies would have to respond within 5 business days with notice, could charge for search and review costs, and the requester generally could not seek Public Access Counselor review. Re-referred to Rules March 21, 2025.
An Act Concerning Online Safety
Public Act 26-15 is Connecticut's main AI statute. AI companion operators must disclose that users are talking to AI, run suicide and self-harm protocols and protect minors (from Jan. 1, 2027). Developers and deployers of automated employment-related decision technology must give notices to workers and applicants, enforced by the Attorney General, and AI use is no defense to discrimination claims (Oct. 1, 2026). It also adds frontier-developer whistleblower protections, provenance duties for large generative AI providers, AI subscription disclosures, a statutory AI definition, the CT AI Academy, an AI working group and state-agency AI inventory and assessment rules.
Artificial Intelligence Companion Chatbots and Minors Act; established, enforcement, civil penalty.
Virginia's SB 796 (2026 Regular Session) would create the Artificial Intelligence Chatbots and Minors Act. Covered entities would have to implement reasonable systems and processes, try to notify emergency services of imminent risk and report covered incidents to the Attorney General. Passed the Senate 39-1; continued to 2027 in the House on March 2, 2026.
PRP & ISBE AI ANALYSIS
Illinois's HJR 50 (104th General Assembly) is a House joint resolution that would direct the Professional Review Panel and the State Board of Education to analyze and model the current, likely and potential impacts of AI and related technologies on the cost factors in the evidence-based funding model, with a report due by December 31, 2027. It would not change the law. Re-referred to Rules July 1, 2026.
Revises provisions relating to education. (BDR 34-525)
Nevada's AB 531 (2025) would have required the Department of Education to create an attendance dashboard, had the Superintendent appoint a task force on a rubric comparing Nevada pupils' performance with other states, and had the Superintendent appoint a committee on the use of artificial intelligence in education to recommend legislation by August 1 of each even-numbered year. It also moved report dates and State Board terms. Under Joint Standing Rule 14.3.1 it was barred from further action on April 12, 2025.
Foreign Adversary AI Risk Assessment and Diplomacy Act
The federal H.R. 7058 (Foreign Adversary AI Risk Assessment and Diplomacy Act), as introduced, would require the Secretary of State to submit to Congress an assessment of risks from foreign adversaries' use of generative AI for malicious activities, first within 180 days after enactment and then annually for three years. Introduced January 14, 2026; the House Foreign Affairs Committee ordered it reported 45-0 on March 26, 2026 (no reported text published yet); it has not passed either chamber.
AI-Ready Bio-Data Standards Act
The federal H.R. 7907 (AI-Ready Bio-Data Standards Act) would have the NIST Director, within 2 years after enactment, facilitate definitions, standards, resources and frameworks to make biological datasets from qualified federally funded research AI-ready, and set up an advisory group, a dataset repository and testing. The section would end 10 years after enactment. Introduced March 12, 2026 and referred to the House Science, Space, and Technology Committee; no further action.
HBCU AI Research Leadership Act
The federal H.R. 7826 (HBCU AI Research Leadership Act) would amend the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 so that, in awarding financial assistance for National AI Research Institutes, the agency head must designate not less than ten percent of that assistance for Institutes at eligible historically Black colleges and universities or consortia of them. Introduced March 5, 2026 and referred to the House Science, Space, and Technology Committee; no further action.
AI-Ready Networks Act
The federal H.R. 7783 (AI-Ready Networks Act) would require the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information (NTIA) to publish, within 18 months after enactment, a report on integrating AI into commercial telecommunications networks, preceded by a draft report with public comment within 1 year. Introduced March 4, 2026 and referred to the House Energy and Commerce Committee; no further action.
Eliminating Bias in Algorithmic Systems Act of 2026
The federal S. 3680 (Eliminating Bias in Algorithmic Systems Act of 2026) would require the head of each federal agency that uses, funds, procures, oversees, regulates or advises on machine-learning or AI-based algorithms with a material effect on programs, economic opportunities or protected rights to ensure it has an office of civil rights focused on algorithmic bias and discrimination. Those offices would report to Congress 1 year after enactment and every 2 years after, and DOJ would convene an interagency working group. Introduced January 15, 2026 and referred to the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee; no further action.
Eliminating Bias in Algorithmic Systems Act of 2026
The federal H.R. 7110 (Eliminating Bias in Algorithmic Systems Act of 2026) would require the head of each federal agency that uses, funds, procures, oversees, regulates or advises on machine-learning or AI-based algorithms with a material effect on programs, economic opportunities or protected rights to ensure it has an office of civil rights focused on algorithmic bias and discrimination. Those offices would report to Congress 1 year after enactment and every 2 years after, and DOJ would convene an interagency working group. Introduced January 15, 2026 and referred to the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee; no further action.
AI in Health Care Efficiency and Study Act
The federal H.R. 7064 (AI in Health Care Efficiency and Study Act) would require the Secretary of Health and Human Services, not later than 18 months after enactment, to conduct a study of strategies for applying AI across the health care industry to improve administrative and clerical processes while protecting patient data privacy and security in HHS programs and activities. The Secretary would report to Congress 6 months after finishing the study. Introduced January 14, 2026 and referred to the House Energy and Commerce Committee; no further action.
Workforce of the Future Act of 2025
The federal S. 3319 (Workforce of the Future Act of 2025) would require the Secretaries of Labor, Commerce and Education to report jointly on AI's impact on jobs, authorize Education Department grants to expand emerging and advanced technology education (including AI), with $160,000,000 for fiscal year 2026, and authorize Labor Department grants to train workers in industries most impacted by AI, with $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2026. Introduced December 3, 2025 and referred to the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee; no further action.
Artificial Intelligence Civil Rights Act of 2025
The federal S. 3308 (Artificial Intelligence Civil Rights Act of 2025) would bar developers and deployers from offering or using a covered algorithm in a way that causes or contributes to disparate impact or otherwise discriminates based on a protected characteristic in consequential actions such as employment, education, housing, health care, credit, insurance and government benefits. It would require independent-auditor evaluations and annual assessments, public disclosures, human alternatives and appeals, with enforcement by the FTC, State attorneys general and private suits. Introduced December 2, 2025 and referred to the Senate Commerce Committee; no further action.
MIND Act of 2025 Management of Individuals’ Neural Data Act of 2025
The federal S. 2925 (MIND Act of 2025) would direct the FTC to study the governance of neural data and related biometric and behavioral data, including how AI changes the risks, and report to Congress within 1 year after enactment, with $10,000,000 authorized. OSTP would then develop guidance, OMB would issue binding guidance, and federal agencies could not procure or operate neurotechnology that processes neural data inconsistently with it. Introduced September 29, 2025 and referred to the Senate Commerce Committee; no further action.
Consumer Safety Technology Act Digital Taxonomy Act Blockchain Innovation Act AI for Consumer Product Safety Act
The federal S. 2766 (Consumer Safety Technology Act) would require the Consumer Product Safety Commission, within 1 year after enactment, to set up a pilot program using AI for at least one of: tracking injury trends, identifying hazards, monitoring marketplaces for recalled products, or identifying products that must be refused entry. It would also have Commerce study blockchain for consumer protection and the FTC report on deceptive practices in token transactions, each within 1 year. Introduced September 10, 2025 and referred to the Senate Commerce Committee; no further action.
AI Sovereignty Act
The federal H.R. 5288 (AI Sovereignty Act) would require the Secretary of Commerce, acting through the Under Secretary for Industry and Security, to report to Congress within 240 days after enactment on the offshoring of critical AI technologies (AI hardware, software and data models) and on foreign acquisitions of U.S. AI assets, with strategies to curb them. Commerce would review annually whether the strategies are outdated and report updates. Introduced September 10, 2025 and referred to the House Foreign Affairs, Energy and Commerce, and Science, Space, and Technology committees; no further action.
SANDBOX Act Strengthening Artificial intelligence Normalization and Diffusion By Oversight and eXperimentation Act
The federal S. 2750 (SANDBOX Act) would require the OSTP Director to establish, within one year after enactment, an AI regulatory sandbox where persons may apply for temporary waivers or modifications of federal agency rules to test AI products, services or development methods. Agencies would decide within 90 days; waivers last 2 years with up to four 2-year renewals. Participants must report harmful incidents within 72 hours and make consumer disclosures, and the program ends 12 years after it is established. Introduced September 10, 2025 and referred to the Senate Commerce Committee; no further action.
No Advanced Chips for the CCP Act of 2025.
The federal H.R. 5022 (No Advanced Chips for the CCP Act of 2025) would bar any person from exporting, reexporting or transferring an advanced AI semiconductor to the People's Republic of China unless the Commerce Secretary approves after an interagency review and Congress enacts a joint resolution specifically approving it. It sets chip thresholds, has humanitarian, diplomatic and repair exceptions, and would stop being effective 3 years after enactment. Introduced August 22, 2025 and referred to the House Foreign Affairs Committee; no further action.
AI Impersonation Prevention Act of 2025
The federal H.R. 4628 (AI Impersonation Prevention Act of 2025) would amend 18 U.S.C. 912 to make it a crime to knowingly use AI to impersonate an officer or employee of the United States, including by mimicking a federal officer's voice or likeness without an explicit disclaimer, and thereby produce materially false or misleading content. The penalty is a fine or up to three years in prison, or both. Satire, parody and protected expression with a clear disclosure of inauthenticity are not limited. Introduced July 23, 2025 and referred to the House Judiciary Committee; no further action.
AI Training Extension Act of 2025
The federal H.R. 3775 (AI Training Extension Act of 2025) would amend the Artificial Intelligence Training for the Acquisition Workforce Act (Public Law 117-207) to move the federal AI training program from the OMB Director to the Administrator of General Services, in coordination with OMB. It would extend training to employees in acquisition positions, management officials, supervisors and employees in data or technology positions, update required topics, and rename the law the Artificial Intelligence Training Act. Introduced June 5, 2025 and referred to the House Oversight Committee; no further action.
To prohibit the Federal Government from establishing or maintaining a database that contains data collected through, or facilitates, the biometric identity verification of a citizen of the United States, and for other purposes.
The federal H.R. 3693 would provide that an agency of the Federal Government "may not establish or maintain a database" that contains data collected through, or facilitates, the biometric identity verification of a citizen of the United States. It defines biometric identity verification as automated recognition of an individual based on biological or behavioral characteristics, including fingerprints, iris patterns or facial features. The one-section text has no penalties or effective date. Introduced June 3, 2025 and referred to the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee; no further action.
Protecting AI and Cloud Competition in Defense Act of 2025
The federal H.R. 3434 (Protecting AI and Cloud Competition in Defense Act of 2025) would require the Secretary of Defense to use a competitive award process for each procurement of cloud computing, data infrastructure or foundation model solutions, keep Government data under exclusive Government rights, and bar use of that data to train a covered provider's commercial products without express DoD authorization. Introduced May 15, 2025 and referred to the House Armed Services Committee; no further action. Companion to S. 1775.
Of inquiry requesting the President to transmit certain documents relating to the dangerous, unaccountable use of AI by the United States DOGE Service to jeopardize the private information and essential services of the American people.
The federal H.Res. 286 is a simple House resolution of inquiry that would request the President to transmit to the House, within 14 days after adoption, unredacted documents about the use of AI by the U.S. DOGE Service, including federal data fed into AI tools and AI-identified spending or personnel cuts. It would not change the law. Submitted April 1, 2025, referred to the House Oversight Committee, which held a markup session April 30, 2025; not adopted.
Protect Elections from Deceptive AI Act
The federal S. 1213 (Protect Elections from Deceptive AI Act) would add Section 325 to the Federal Election Campaign Act to bar any person, committee or entity from knowingly distributing materially deceptive AI-generated audio or visual media of a federal candidate, or in carrying out federal election activity, to influence an election or solicit funds. Candidates could sue for injunctions and damages. Introduced March 31, 2025 and referred to the Senate Rules Committee; no further action.
Ending FCC Meddling in Our Elections Act
The federal H.R. 9913 (Ending FCC Meddling in Our Elections Act) would have barred the FCC from finalizing or enforcing its proposed rule on disclosure of AI-generated content in political ads (FCC 24-74, MB Docket No. 24-211, adopted July 10, 2024), or any substantially similar rule. Introduced October 4, 2024 and referred to the House Energy and Commerce Committee; it died when the 118th Congress ended on January 3, 2025.
Basic Allowance for Housing Calculation Improvement Act of 2023
The federal H.R. 5230 (Basic Allowance for Housing Calculation Improvement Act of 2023) would have required the Secretary of Defense, by September 30, 2024, to seek an agreement with a nationally recognized single-family housing data entity to calculate monthly basic allowance for housing rates for at least 15 military housing areas using machine learning and AI algorithms. Introduced August 18, 2023 and referred to the House Armed Services Committee; it died when the 118th Congress ended on January 3, 2025.
REAL Political Advertisements Act Require the Exposure of AI–Led Political Advertisements Act
The federal H.R. 3044 (REAL Political Advertisements Act) would have required political ads covered by FECA section 318(a) that contain image or video footage generated in whole or in part with generative AI to carry a clear and conspicuous statement saying so, and extended electioneering communications to paid online ads. Introduced May 2, 2023 and referred to the House Administration Committee; it died when the 118th Congress ended on January 3, 2025.
Save Taxpayers’ Privacy Act
The federal H.R. 6616 (Save Taxpayers' Privacy Act) would have barred the Secretary of the Treasury from establishing or maintaining any verification process using facial recognition technology for access to an Internal Revenue Service online account or service. Introduced February 4, 2022 and referred to the House Ways and Means Committee; it died when the 117th Congress ended on January 3, 2023.
Deep Fake Detection Prize Competition Act
The federal H.R. 5532 (Deep Fake Detection Prize Competition Act) would have required the National Science Foundation Director to carry out prize competitions under section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 to incentivize research into technology that advances detection of deep fake audio, images and video. Introduced December 19, 2019 and referred to the House Science, Space, and Technology Committee; it died when the 116th Congress ended on January 3, 2021.
Relating to artificial intelligence; and declaring an emergency.
Oregon's HB 4153 (Chapter 44, Oregon Laws 2024) set up a 14-member Task Force on Artificial Intelligence to examine and identify AI terms and definitions that could be used in state legislation, starting from those used by the federal government and aligning with federal rules as closely as possible. The task force had to seek input from universities, consumer groups and businesses and report its recommended terms to the interim information management and technology committee by December 1, 2024. The act took effect when signed on March 27, 2024; the task force section was repealed on January 1, 2025.
An Act To Amend Title 29 Of The Delaware Code Relating To The Artificial Intelligence Commission.
Delaware's HB 16 (85 Del. Laws c. 17) amends the law that created the Delaware Artificial Intelligence Commission (HB 333 of 2024). It specifies that the Commission's 23 members are voting members and adds one nonvoting member, appointed each year by the Chair, who is or will be in the next school year a 10th, 11th or 12th grade student at a Delaware public or private school, with priority for a student who has shown interest in and commitment to the study of AI. The 3-year term and attendance rules now refer to appointed, voting members. Signed and effective May 13, 2025; the Commission law still expires July 17, 2034.
Directing The Artificial Intelligence Commission To Work In Collaboration With The Secretary Of State To Create A Regulatory Sandbox Framework For The Testing Of Innovative And Novel Technologies That Utilize Agentic Artificial Intelligence.
Delaware's House Joint Resolution 7, approved by the Governor, directs the Artificial Intelligence Commission to work with the Secretary of State to create a regulatory sandbox framework for testing innovative and novel technologies that use agentic AI, described as AI systems designed to operate with significant autonomy, making decisions and taking actions on their own. The Commission and the Secretary of State must deliver a written report of findings and recommendations on the framework by January 2, 2026. The resolution itself creates no sandbox and sets no rules for businesses. Signed and effective July 23, 2025.
Provides that a person may operate a fully autonomous vehicle on the public roads of this state without a human driver provided that the automated driving system is engaged and the vehicle meets certain conditions; defines terms; requires insurance and that such vehicle is registered as a fully…
New York's A 3650 would have added Vehicle and Traffic Law Article 34-E allowing a fully autonomous vehicle (SAE level 4 or 5) to operate on public roads without a human driver when its automated driving system is engaged, if it can reach a minimal risk condition, is registered and titled as fully autonomous, and the operator files a law enforcement interaction plan and proof of insurance. The Department of Motor Vehicles would be the exclusive state regulator. Introduced January 29, 2025; enacting clause stricken February 5, 2025.
Prohibits facial recognition technology to be used in connection with an officer camera used by both local and state police including the storage of biometric data.
New York's A 3712 would have added Executive Law §§ 837-x and 236 barring local police, peace officers and State Police from installing, activating or using facial recognition or biometric surveillance systems in connection with an officer camera or data collected by one. A person could sue the agency or officer for equitable or declaratory relief. A mobile fingerprint scanner exception applied. Would have taken effect on the ninetieth day after becoming law and expired five years later. Introduced February 7, 2023; it died at the end of the 2023-2024 session.
AN ACT relating to autonomous vehicles.
Kentucky's HB 7 (2024 Ky. Acts Ch. 176), enacted over the Governor's veto, sets rules for fully autonomous vehicles in KRS Chapter 186. Vehicles with automated driving systems may operate on public highways if they meet the act's requirements, including a law enforcement interaction plan filed with the Transportation Cabinet and State Police, single-limit liability coverage or self-insurance of at least $1,000,000, and titling and registration. Until July 31, 2026, fully autonomous vehicles over 62,000 pounds must carry a credentialed human driver to monitor and intervene. The Transportation Cabinet is the sole regulator and local governments may not add rules.
AN ACT relating to privacy protection.
Kentucky's HB 45 (2024 session) was a privacy bill covering automated license plate readers (data kept no more than 30 days with exceptions, no sale), drone surveillance, deep fakes, identification devices and tracking devices. The deep fake sections would have given a civil action against anyone who willfully and knowingly disseminated a deep fake without written consent and made certain harmful disclosures a Class D felony. The House passed it 96-0 with a committee substitute on February 28, 2024; in the Senate it was reassigned to Transportation March 7, 2024 and died.
Enacts the "political artificial intelligence disclaimer (PAID) act"; requires political communications that use synthetic media to disclose that they were created with the assistance of artificial intelligence; requires committees that use synthetic media to maintain records of such usage.
New York's A 7106-B (the "political artificial intelligence disclaimer (PAID) act") would have amended Election Law § 14-106 to require political communications that include synthetic media to state "THIS POLITICAL COMMUNICATION WAS CREATED WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE," and to require committees to keep and file records of their synthetic media use. Introduced May 10, 2023 and last amended and recommitted to the Election Law Committee March 18, 2024; it never passed either chamber and died at the end of the 2023-2024 session.
AI-Ready Bio-Data Standards Act
The federal S. 4069 (AI-Ready Bio-Data Standards Act) would require the Director of NIST, within 2 years of enactment, to establish definitions, standards, resources and frameworks so that biological datasets from qualified federally funded research are AI-ready, meaning generated and formatted so they can be effectively used to train AI models. Referred to the Senate Commerce Committee March 12, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Prohibits political communication containing any photo, video or audio depiction of a candidate created in whole or in part through the use of generative artificial intelligence.
New York's A 9054 (2023-2024 session), the "respect electoral audiovisual legitimacy (REAL) act," would have added subdivision 2-a to Election Law § 14-106 providing that no political communication covered by that section "shall contain any realistic photo, video or audio depiction of a candidate, or person interacting with a candidate, containing original material created in whole or in part through the use of generative artificial intelligence." It defined generative AI and stated no penalty. Introduced February 5, 2024 and referred to the Election Law Committee; it never advanced and died at the end of the 2023-2024 session.
Requires any political communication, whether made by phone call, email or other message-based communication, that utilizes an artificial intelligence system to engage in human-like conversation with another shall, by reasonable means, apprise the person of the fact that they are communicating with…
New York's A 9103 (2023-2024 session) would have added subdivision 5 to Election Law § 14-106 requiring a political communication made by phone call, email or other message-based communication that uses an artificial intelligence system to engage in human-like conversation with another person to apprise that person, by reasonable means, that they are communicating with an AI system. It defined no terms and stated no penalty. Introduced February 7, 2024 and referred to the Election Law Committee; it never advanced and died at the end of the 2023-2024 session.
AN ACT relating to autonomous vehicles.
Vetoed. Kentucky's HB 135 (2023) would have let fully autonomous vehicles (SAE level 4 or 5) run on Kentucky highways without a human driver if the system could reach a minimal risk condition after a failure and follow traffic laws. Operators would have filed a law enforcement interaction plan with the Transportation Cabinet and State Police and shown $5 million in liability coverage; the owner would have been the operator under traffic laws, public agencies could not ban the vehicles, and only the lead truck in a platoon would have needed a driver. The Governor vetoed it April 10, 2023.
Requires policing agencies to conduct an inventory of, and develop a publicly-available policy for, any artificial intelligence used to aid criminal investigations.
New York's A 9253-A would add Executive Law § 837-ww requiring policing agencies to publish a public disclosure of each “covered AI” used to aid criminal investigations, at least ninety days before using a new product and within 180 days of the effective date for products already in use. Any use in an investigation would have to be noted in the police report, and the Attorney General would issue a model policy. Introduced November 21, 2025; amended and recommitted to the Codes Committee March 17, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Prohibits state agencies and state-owned entities from utilizing large language models or any artificial intelligence systems to make decisions that affect individuals' rights, benefits, or services; requires such decisions to be made by human personnel of the respective state agency or state-owned…
New York's A 10583 would have added State Technology Law § 106-c barring state agencies and state-owned entities from implementing or using large language models or any AI systems to make decisions affecting individuals' rights, benefits or services; such decisions would have had to be made by human personnel. Purely advisory use and AI use for data analysis, research or other non-decision-making purposes was allowed. Referred to Science and Technology June 20, 2024; it died at the end of the 2023-2024 session.
Criminal Procedure – Facial Recognition Technology – Requirements, Procedures, and Prohibitions
Maryland's HB 338 limits police use of facial recognition technology in criminal investigations to listed serious crimes (crimes of violence, human trafficking, child abuse, hate crimes, weapon crimes, stalking and others), bans live or real-time identification, and allows searches only of license, ID and mugshot photos unless an agreement governs another database. A trained person must verify each result before use; results cannot alone establish probable cause or identity and serve as evidence only for warrants and preliminary hearings. Agencies must audit, post policies and report yearly. Signed May 16, 2024 (Chapter 809; identical to SB 182, Chapter 808); effective October 1, 2024.
Criminal Procedure - Facial Recognition Technology - Requirements, Procedures, and Prohibitions
Maryland's SB 182 limits police use of facial recognition technology in criminal investigations to listed serious crimes (crimes of violence, human trafficking, child abuse, hate crimes, weapon crimes, stalking and others), bans live or real-time identification, and allows searches only of license, ID and mugshot photos unless an agreement governs another database. A trained person must verify each result before use; results cannot alone establish probable cause or identity and serve as evidence only for warrants and preliminary hearings. Agencies must audit, post policies and report yearly. Signed May 16, 2024 (Chapter 808; identical to HB 338, Chapter 809); effective October 1, 2024.
Algorithmic Addiction Fund - Establishment
Maryland's SB 739 (2024) would have created the Algorithmic Addiction Fund, a special nonlapsing fund holding revenue the State receives from judgments or settlements with technology or social media companies on State-law damages claims, plus money appropriated in the State budget, for algorithmic addiction prevention and treatment. The Secretary of Health would set goals, run a grant program and report each November 1. A Senate Finance hearing was set for February 20, 2024; it died when the session ended.
Education - Artificial Intelligence - Guidelines and Pilot Program
Maryland's SB 979 (2024) would have added Education Article subtitle 22 (sections 7-2201 to 7-2203): the State Department of Education would develop guidelines for county boards on safe, responsible and ethical AI use in consultation with the Governor's AI Subcabinet, and adopt policies against unlawful discrimination and unapproved collection of personal information. A Senate committee hearing was set for March 6, 2024; it went no further and died when the session ended.
Department of Information Technology - Evaluation and Development of a 3-1-1 Portal Using Artificial Intelligence
Maryland SB 1068 (2024) was amended down to a statement of intent. It is the intent of the General Assembly that the Department of Information Technology evaluate the potential of artificial intelligence in creating a statewide virtual 3-1-1 portal for nonemergency government information and services and, if AI is feasible for that purpose, prioritize creating the portal. The board and codified sections in the introduced bill were struck. Effective July 1, 2024. The 2026 3-1-1 law (SB 114) is a separate act.
Transportation: other; definition of automated driving systems and automated vehicle roadway; modify and expand.
Michigan's Public Act 179 of 2022 amends the Vehicle Code (MCL 257.2b, 257.642, 257.665 and new 257.665c-665e and 257.666a). It redefines automated driving systems, lets the Department of Transportation designate automated vehicle roadways and lanes, charge user fees and contract with roadway system providers, and makes unauthorized use of those lanes a civil infraction enforceable with system data. It also revises testing rules for automated vehicles, treats an engaged automated driving system as the driver, and allows truck platoons. Effective July 25, 2022.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 4, relative to the artificial intelligence advisory council.
Tennessee HB 2325 (Public Chapter 988) creates the Artificial Intelligence Advisory Council, a 24-member body chaired jointly by the state's chief information officer and the commissioner of finance and administration, with agency heads, the attorney general, legislators and appointed members. It must give the governor an action plan on capturing AI's economic benefits and using AI responsibly in state and local government, with a status report by May 1, 2025, annual reports covering labor-market effects and regulation recommendations, and a final report by December 31, 2028, when the act is repealed. Effective on signing, May 21, 2024.
Revises provisions relating to artificial intelligence. (BDR 36-393)
Nevada's AB 325 requires the state emergency management plan and each emergency operations plan adopted by a state or local governmental agency to include provisions ensuring that final decisions on emergency response planning and on allocating resources in an emergency are made by a natural person, not by artificial intelligence. A public utility may not make a final decision on whether to reduce or shut down utility service in response to a disaster or emergency based solely on AI. Approved May 30, 2025 (Chapter 123); effective October 1, 2025.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 4; Title 5; Title 6; Title 7; Title 12; Title 39; Title 45; Title 47; Title 48; Title 50; Title 55; Title 61; Title 62; Title 65; Title 66; Title 67 and Title 68, relative to artificial intelligence.
Tennessee's HB 1246 (114th General Assembly) would have required the Attorney General and Reporter's office, by July 1, 2026 and using existing resources, to report to legislative committee chairs how many Consumer Protection Act investigations involved AI used to carry out an unfair or deceptive practice, for conduct from January 1, 2024 to December 31, 2025. Companion to SB 1363. It passed second consideration as a caption bill and was held on the House desk pending amendment (February 12, 2025); it died when the session adjourned in April 2026.
Criminal offenses; enhance penalties for certain if artificial intelligence was used in the commission of.
Mississippi's HB 840 (2026) would have allowed enhanced penalties when a trier of fact finds beyond a reasonable doubt that a defendant knowingly and intentionally used an artificial intelligence system in committing a designated offense. It would also have amended Section 97-5-33 to cover visual depictions of a child that would appear realistic to a reasonable observer engaging in sexually explicit conduct. It was referred to Judiciary B on January 16, 2026, and died in committee on February 3, 2026.
Artificial Intelligence Public Awareness and Education Campaign Act
The federal S. 4596 (Artificial Intelligence Public Awareness and Education Campaign Act) would have required the Secretary of Commerce to run a public awareness and education campaign on the benefits, risks and prevalence of AI, including how to detect deepfakes and chatbot content and avoid AI-enabled scams. Reported by the Senate Commerce Committee and placed on the calendar December 18, 2024 (Calendar No. 726); it died when the 118th Congress ended on January 3, 2025.
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (deepfake and machine-manipulated media provisions, Division E secs. 5709 and 5724)
The FY2020 NDAA's intelligence division contains the first federal deepfake provisions. Section 5709 requires the Director of National Intelligence to report on foreign capabilities to produce machine-manipulated media and machine-generated text, and to notify Congress when a foreign entity deploys such media against U.S. elections or political processes. Section 5724 directs a prize competition of up to $5,000,000, run through IARPA, for technology that automatically detects machine-manipulated media (video, image or audio generated or substantially modified with machine learning). Other NDAA provisions are outside this entry.
VEH CD-SAFETY ZONES
Illinois' Public Act 104-0381 (SB 1507) adds subsection (v) to the Vehicle Code's automated speed enforcement section (625 ILCS 5/11-208.8). The University of Illinois Chicago Urban Transportation Center must study North and South DuSable Lake Shore Drive, reviewing Chicago's multi-year crash data, research on how effective AI-powered cameras could be at improving compliance and reducing crashes and deaths, risky driving patterns, psychological deterrence of habitual speeding, and how AI cameras or alternatives could reduce fatalities. The act sets no deadline and does not authorize AI cameras. Approved August 15, 2025; effective January 1, 2026.
Autonomous vehicles; allowing fully automated vehicles to operate on public roads. Effective date.
Oklahoma's SB 1541 (2022) lets fully autonomous vehicles drive on public roads without a human driver when the automated driving system is engaged and the vehicle can reach a minimal risk condition if the system fails, can obey traffic laws and meets federal safety certification. Before driverless operation, the operator must file a law enforcement interaction plan with the Department of Public Safety and prove at least $1 million of insurance or self-insurance. The vehicle must stay at the scene of a crash and the owner must report it. The automated driving system counts as the licensed driver. Effective November 1, 2022.
Ai, Deepfakes, Cybersecurity, Data Xfers
Alaska's HB 306 would have required a statement ('This communication has been manipulated or generated by artificial intelligence') on campaign communications containing a deepfake meant to injure a candidate or party or deceive voters. It would also have set rules for state agency AI used for consequential decisions: inventories, impact assessments, notice, consent, appeals and bans. It was heard and held in House State Affairs March 19, 2024 and died when the 33rd Legislature ended.
Election Law – Campaign Materials – Disclosure of Use of Synthetic Media
Maryland's HB 872 (2024) would have required candidates, campaign finance entities, certain registrants and their agents to include a disclosure when they distribute campaign material made with or containing synthetic media (an image, audio or video intentionally manipulated with generative AI or other digital technology to create a realistic but false version) to anyone in Maryland. Violations would have been a misdemeanor (up to $1,000, 1 year, or both). A hearing was set for February 27, 2024; it went no further and died when the session ended.
A bill to establish Federal agency technology and artificial intelligence talent teams to improve competitive service hiring practices, and for other purposes.
The federal S. 3410 (a bill to establish Federal agency technology and AI talent teams to improve competitive service hiring) would let agencies and the OPM Director establish technology and AI talent teams to support hiring, allow experts to develop and share technical assessments, and require the OPM Director to operate an online platform for sharing them. Its definition of an examination would, from 5 years after enactment, include one that does not solely rely on self-assessment from an automated examination, subject to a waiver. Introduced December 10, 2025 and referred to the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee; no further action.
Artificial Intelligence Risk Evaluation Act of 2025
U.S. Congress's S. 2938, the Artificial Intelligence Risk Evaluation Act of 2025 (119th Congress), would require the Secretary of Energy to establish an Advanced Artificial Intelligence Evaluation Program. Developers of advanced AI systems (trained with more than 10^26 operations) would have to participate and give the Secretary requested materials, and could not deploy such a system in interstate or foreign commerce otherwise, with fines of at least $1,000,000 per day. It was referred to Senate Commerce on September 29, 2025; Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs held hearings September 30, 2026. It is pending in committee.
AV Accessibility Act Autonomous Vehicle Accessibility Act
The federal AV Accessibility Act (H.R. 4419, 119th Congress) would bar a State from issuing a motor vehicle operator's license for operating or using a Level 4 or Level 5 ADS-equipped vehicle in a way that discriminates on the basis of disability against a qualified individual with a disability. It would also have the Secretary of Transportation seek a National Academies study of accessible pickup and dropoff for ride-hail ADS vehicles, with $5,000,000 authorized. Introduced July 15, 2025; referred to the House Transportation and Infrastructure Subcommittee on Highways and Transit; it has not passed either house.
Artificial Intelligence Task Force; create and prescribe responsibilities of.
Mississippi's SB 2426 created the Artificial Intelligence Regulation (AIR) Task Force: two legislators as co-chairs plus the heads (or designees) of Information Technology Services, the Mississippi AI Network, Homeland Security, the National Guard and the Attorney General's office, with optional nonvoting experts. It drafts proposed revisions to the Mississippi Code on AI, reviews other states' and federal AI laws (privacy, testing, ethics, liability, bias, copyright), and recommends AI uses in state agencies. It reports by December 1 each year and dissolves December 31, 2027. Its meetings and findings are exempt from open meetings and public records laws. Effective March 18, 2025.
Transportation; allow and regulate autonomous vehicles.
Mississippi's SB 2569 (2023), the "Mississippi Fully Autonomous Vehicle Enabling (MS FAVE) Act of 2023," would, per its title, have authorized fully autonomous vehicles (SAE Level 4 or 5) to operate on public roads without a human driver while the automated driving system is engaged and certain conditions are met. This is the Senate-passed version; the House passed it as amended on February 23, 2023, but it died on the calendar on March 10, 2023.
K-12 School Transportation
Not law: died in committee. Florida's SB 1424 (2025) would have revised school transportation rules in ss. 1002.20, 1006.21 and 1006.23, F.S.: transport for students living more than 1 mile from school, bus stops within 1,000 feet of the home, faster and more efficient routes, and use of AI route programs "if available" within 3 years, with a 15 percent cut in state transportation funds for districts that did not. It was indefinitely postponed May 3 and died in Education Pre-K - 12 on June 16, 2025.
Criminal Law - Child Sexual Abuse Material - Artificial Intelligence Software
Maryland's HB 1294 (2026, third reader text) would have replaced "child pornography" with "child sexual abuse material" in several statutes and amended Criminal Law section 11-208 so a "computer-generated image" includes images created through the use of artificial intelligence software. Section 11-208 already bars possessing or viewing a computer-generated image indistinguishable from an actual, identifiable child under 16; its existing penalties are up to 5 years and $2,500 (up to 10 years and $10,000 for a repeat offense). It passed the House 133-0, went to Senate Judicial Proceedings, and died when the 2026 session ended.
Prohibits the use of biometric surveillance technology by law enforcement; establishes the biometric surveillance regulation task force; and provides for the expiration and repeal of certain provisions
Not law. S 1033 would have barred New York police officers, peace officers and police agencies, including the State Police, from using biometric surveillance systems such as facial recognition, with exceptions such as lawful DNA comparison, fingerprinting and internal security systems. A 12-member task force would have studied the technology's accuracy, effectiveness and harms, especially to vulnerable groups, and recommended whether and how police could use it. The bill was recommitted and its enacting clause stricken on February 21, 2025, which ends it. The Assembly version, A 1045, has its own page.
Artificial Intelligence Task Force/Funds.
Not law. HB 1036 would have created a North Carolina Artificial Intelligence Task Force to connect legislators with AI experts and industry, review other states' AI laws, study AI systems used by state agencies and shape state AI policy, working through groups on innovation, standards and ethics, high-risk automated decision systems, and individual rights. It would have appropriated $250,000 for 2024-25, with recommendations due to the 2025 General Assembly. It was referred to House Appropriations on May 7, 2024 and went no further.
State development; Oklahoma Gas, Artificial Intelligence, and Space Research Hub; National Laboratory; Oklahoma Department of Commerce; effective date.
Oklahoma's HB 3176 (2026), as engrossed, would have created the Oklahoma Gas, Artificial Intelligence, and Space Research Hub (GAS Hub), administered by the Department of Commerce, to recruit and host a U.S. National Laboratory, plus a National Laboratory Development Program. It passed the House 51-37 on March 10, 2026, was referred to Senate Appropriations on April 16, 2026, and died when the session ended May 14, 2026.
Courts - Artificial Intelligence Evidence Clinic Pilot Program - Establishment
Maryland's SB 655 creates an Artificial Intelligence Evidence Clinic Pilot Program in the Administrative Office of the Courts to give the circuit courts and District Court expert testimony on the authenticity of electronic evidence that a court determines may have been created or altered using AI. The program draws on students, recent graduates, faculty and technology professionals, prioritizes civil cases where a party lacks a lawyer or reasonable access to expert testimony, and runs through grants to colleges and universities. Vetoed May 16, 2025; veto overridden December 16, 2025 (Chapter 17 of the 2025 Special Session); effective January 15, 2026, 30 days after the override.
Interim study to examine the dangers posed by artificial intelligence for elections
Not a law. Nebraska LR362 (2024), introduced by Senator Brewer, is an interim study resolution that designated the Government, Military and Veterans Affairs Committee to examine the dangers posed by artificial intelligence for elections, with input from interested parties and other committees. The last official action was a hearing notice for September 19, 2024. A resolution does not change the law.
Interim study to examine changes to state law regarding the use of artificial intelligence in political campaigns
Not a law. Nebraska LR412 (2024), introduced by Senator John Cavanaugh, is an interim study resolution that designated the Government, Military and Veterans Affairs Committee to study changes to state law on artificial intelligence in political campaigns, including First Amendment concerns, other states' laws, federal law, enforcement under the Political Accountability and Disclosure Act and civil remedies. The last official action was a hearing notice for September 19, 2024. A resolution does not change the law.
Interim study to examine the impact of artificial intelligence on Nebraska's private and public sectors, including the technology and insurance sectors
Not a law. Nebraska LR430 (2024), introduced by Senator Bostar, is an interim study resolution that designated the Banking, Commerce and Insurance Committee to study the impact of artificial intelligence on Nebraska's private and public sectors, including the technology and insurance sectors, and to recommend policies. Introduced March 26, 2024, it was referred to the committee April 5, 2024; no hearing or report is shown. A resolution does not change the law.
ELECTIONS/CAMPAIGNS: Requires disclosure of the use of artificial intelligence in telephone campaign communications
Louisiana's Act 559 requires a disclosure on campaign phone calls that use an AI-generated voice of a public figure. A telephone or automated call advocating for or against a candidate, elected official or ballot proposition that is created with AI using the voice of a public figure, including an elected official or limited public figure, must say clearly at the start that it was created using AI. Fines are up to $2,500, then $5,000 for later violations; the Board of Ethics enforces. Platforms, service providers and broadcasters aren't liable for others' content. Effective August 1, 2026.
State government: Artificial Intelligence in State Government Services Commission: report.
California's AB 459 (2019-20), as amended April 8, 2019, would have required the Artificial Intelligence in State Government Services Commission to report to the Legislature by November 1, 2020 on recommended minimum standards for state government use of AI. The commission would exist only if AB 976 were enacted, and the report requirement would be repealed November 1, 2024. The bill was held under submission in Assembly Appropriations and died January 31, 2020.
Realigning Mobile Phone Biometrics for American Privacy Protection Act
The federal H.R. 7124 (Realigning Mobile Phone Biometrics for American Privacy Protection Act) would require the Secretary of Homeland Security, within 30 days after enactment, to develop standards and guidelines for DHS and its components that bar use of the Mobile Fortify and Mobile Identify mobile applications (and successors) except for identification at ports of entry, bar sharing them with other agencies, require their removal and remote disabling, and require destruction of images and fingerprints of U.S. citizens. Introduced January 15, 2026; referred to the House Homeland Security Committee and, January 16, to its Subcommittee on Border Security and Enforcement; no further action.
Requesting The Hawaii State Commission On The Status Of Women, In Collaboration With The Office Of The Legislative Reference Bureau And Department Of The Attorney General, To Establish A Working Group And Provide A Report To The Legislature On Ways To Strengthen Protections For Survivors Of Image-based Sexual Abuse.
Hawaii's Senate Resolution 71 (S.D. 1, 2026) asks the Hawaii State Commission on the Status of Women, with the Legislative Reference Bureau and the Department of the Attorney General, to form a working group of gender-based violence service providers and survivors to review laws and policies nationwide for ways to protect survivors of image-based sexual abuse that Hawaii could adopt. Its recitals cite AI-generated abuse and sexual deepfakes. A report with any proposed legislation is due 40 days before the 2028 session. Adopted by the Senate April 9, 2026; a resolution of one chamber does not change the law.
AI/Ban Deceptive Ads
North Carolina's HB 375 would create the Artificial Intelligence and Synthetic Media Act (new Chapter 170). It would regulate deceptive deepfakes in elections, make generated child pornography and non-consensual fabricated intimate images crimes, and require disclosure of generative AI use by regulated occupations. Filed March 11, 2025 and referred to committees March 13, 2025; it has not passed either chamber.
Relative to the use of artificial intelligence by state agencies.
New Hampshire's HB 1688 adds RSA chapter 5-D. State agencies may not use AI to classify people in ways that cause unlawful discrimination, use real-time remote biometric identification for public surveillance (except law enforcement with a warrant), or use deepfakes for deceptive or malicious purposes. Irreversible AI decisions need human review, generative AI material not reviewed by a human must be labeled, and users must be told when they interact with AI. Signed July 12, 2024 (Chapter 209); effective July 1, 2024.
Establishing an autonomous vehicle advisory commission, establishing an autonomous vehicle testing pilot program, and providing requirements for automated vehicle deployment.
New Hampshire's SB 216 creates an Autonomous Vehicle Advisory Commission (RSA 241) and an automated vehicle testing and deployment pilot program run by the Division of Motor Vehicles (RSA 242). Testing entities need department approval, $5 million in financial responsibility and pay a $500 annual fee; driverless vehicles and on-demand driverless networks may operate if conditions are met. Signed August 2, 2019 (Chapter 310); the commission provisions took effect August 2, 2019, RSA 242:1 I-VIII, XIII and XIV on September 1, 2019 and RSA 242:1 IX-XII on July 1, 2021.
Information Technology - Artificial Intelligence - Policies and Procedures (Artificial Intelligence Governance Act of 2024)
Maryland's SB 818, the Artificial Intelligence Governance Act of 2024, governs AI used by Executive Branch agencies. Agencies must inventory their data, including data used in AI, by December 1, 2024 and yearly, and their high-risk AI systems by December 1, 2025 and regularly after, and assess high-risk systems by December 31, 2026 (procured on or after February 1, 2026) or July 1, 2027 (procured earlier). The Department of Information Technology was to adopt high-risk AI policies by December 1, 2024; from July 1, 2025 agencies may not procure or deploy a new AI system that does not comply. It codifies the Governor's AI Subcabinet. Signed May 9, 2024 (Chapter 496); effective July 1, 2024.
Limit government use of AI systems
HB 178 (Chapter 427 of 2025) limits government AI use. State and local government entities and state officers may not use an AI system for cognitive behavioral manipulation, to classify people in ways that cause unlawful discrimination or disparate impact, for a malicious purpose, or to surveil public spaces except to find a missing, endangered or wanted person or as the facial surveillance law allows. AI-produced material published without review by a trained human must be labeled, and public-facing AI interfaces disclosed. Any AI recommendation or decision that could affect a person's rights must be reviewed by a responsible human who can reject or modify it. Effective October 1, 2025.
Georgia Technology Authority; annual inventory of artificial intelligence usage by state agencies; provide
Georgia's HB 988 (2023-2024 session) passed the House on February 16, 2024 and was reported favorably in the Senate by substitute on March 20, 2024, but was never passed by the Senate and died when the session ended. The Senate committee substitute would have added a Homeland Security approved-list system for unmanned aircraft and, in a revised Code section 50-25-7.9, required the Georgia Technology Authority to inventory AI systems in use by agencies by December 31, 2024 and annually.
Encouraging The United States Congress To Pass The Nurture Originals, Foster Art, And Keep Entertainment Safe Act Of 2023 (no Fakes Act) And The No Artificial Intelligence Fake Replicas And Unauthorized Duplications Act Of 2024 (no Ai Fraud Act).
Hawaii's Senate Concurrent Resolution 95 (2024) would have encouraged the U.S. Congress to pass the NO FAKES Act of 2023, the No AI FRAUD Act of 2024 or similar legislation as a safeguard against the exploitation of artists, creative professionals and individuals. The Senate PSM committee recommended it unamended, and on March 25, 2024 the report was adopted and it was referred to JDC; it was never adopted by the Senate and died when the 2024 session ended. A resolution does not change the law.
AN ACT relating to the promotion of family well-being and making an appropriation therefor.
Kentucky's HB 734, the omnibus ALPHA Act on family well-being, included a provision that would bar the Cabinet for Health and Family Services from relying exclusively on automated, AI-based or algorithmic software to identify fraud in public assistance programs and from denying, discontinuing or reducing benefits without staff review of the documentation. Introduced February 26, 2024; sent to the House Appropriations & Revenue Committee March 5, 2024. It died when the 2024 session ended without passing.
A bill to require the Secretary of Defense to carry out a pilot program on using artificial intelligence-enabled software to optimize the workflow and operations of depots, shipyards, and other manufacturing facilities run by the Department of Defense, and for other purposes.
The federal S. 4758 would have required the Secretary of Defense to start, within 60 days after enactment, a pilot program on AI-enabled software to optimize workflow and operations at DoD depots, shipyards and manufacturing facilities and in contract administration, spending or obligating not less than $35,000,000. Introduced July 24, 2024 and referred to the Senate Armed Services Committee; it died when the 118th Congress ended on January 3, 2025.
Advanced Artificial Intelligence Security Readiness Act of 2025
This bill would direct the NSA's Artificial Intelligence Security Center to develop and share security guidance for protecting the most advanced AI from theft or sabotage by foreign threat actors. The guidance would identify AI-specific vulnerabilities and supply-chain weak points and cover protecting model weights, insider threats and personnel vetting, network access controls and counterintelligence. NSA would consult AI developers, researchers, national labs and agencies such as NIST's CAISI, report progress to the intelligence committees within 180 days and deliver a final report within a year, including a public version. Introduced November 19, 2025.
AN ACT relating to the promotion of family well-being and making an appropriation therefor.
Kentucky's SB 34, the omnibus ALPHA Act on family well-being, included a provision that would bar the Cabinet for Health and Family Services from relying exclusively on automated, AI-based or algorithmic software to identify fraud in public assistance programs and from denying, discontinuing or reducing benefits without staff review of the documentation. Introduced January 2, 2024; sent to the Senate Appropriations & Revenue Committee January 5, 2024. It died when the 2024 session ended without passing.
Arbitration; divorce proceedings; artificial intelligence
Arizona's HB 2371 (2026) would have added A.R.S. 25-332, letting parties to a divorce proceeding use artificial intelligence-assisted arbitration only if both give written consent, including on whether the result is a recommendation or a binding determination, and they share no minor children. It passed the House 42-13 on March 10, 2026, was held in the Senate after Senate Rules found it proper for consideration on March 30, and died when the 2026 session ended June 13, 2026.
Establishes the New York artificial intelligence ethics commission.
New York's S 8755 (2023-2024) would have added State Technology Law § 106-c creating a nine-member New York artificial intelligence ethics commission to oversee ethical AI use by state agencies and private entities affecting New York residents. The commission would set ethical guidelines, review AI projects, receive complaints, develop certification and audits, and report annually. The bill would also prohibit nine AI practices, including systematic unfair discrimination and non-consensual surveillance. Referred to Internet and Technology March 7, 2024; it died when the 2023-2024 session ended.
Establishes public-private partnerships to develop artificial intelligence job training.
New Jersey's A5033 would let the Commissioner of Labor and Workforce Development contract with a private entity that takes on full financial and administrative responsibility for developing AI job training, including retraining for displaced workers and building AI skills in the State workforce. Each agreement would create an advisory council reporting annually to the Governor and Legislature. The entity would be exempt from procurement and certain prevailing wage requirements. Introduced November 14, 2024. A bill of the Legislature's 2024-2025 session, which ended January 13, 2026.
Requires AG to study use of artificial intelligence for certain law enforcement purposes and issue report.
New Jersey's A 5615 would have required the Attorney General to study law enforcement agencies' use of artificial intelligence to generate police reports and report to the Governor and Legislature within six months of the effective date. The report would assess available AI technology, summarize current use statewide and recommend a statewide policy requiring an officer to review any AI-generated report for accuracy and completeness before issuing it. Introduced May 5, 2025 and referred to the Assembly Public Safety and Preparedness Committee; it died in committee when the 2024-2025 session ended.
Requires AG to study law enforcement use of facial recognition technology and issue report with recommendations for Statewide policy.
New Jersey's A5616 would require the Attorney General to study law enforcement use of facial recognition technology and report to the Governor and Legislature within six months of the act's effective date. The report would include recommendations for a Statewide policy. Introduced May 5, 2025. A bill of the Legislature's 2024-2025 session, which ended January 13, 2026.
Artificial intelligence; use of systems for student instruction.
Virginia's HB 1186 adds Code § 22.1-20.2:1. The Department of Education, consulting school divisions and stakeholders, must compile how public schools use AI for instruction and post guidance for its safe, ethical and equitable use. The guidance covers student data privacy (FERPA, COPPA), teacher training, transparency, data agreements that bar using student or division data to train outside AI models, and bias, and must ensure approved AI uses give teachers access to transcripts of students' AI interactions. School boards must adopt policies following it. If funded, the Department runs an AI pilot program; that authority expires July 1, 2030. Identical to SB 394; effective July 1, 2026.
AN ACT relating to privacy protection.
Kentucky's HB 58 (2026) makes it unlawful for anyone, including the state and local governments, to use automated license plate readers (ALPRs: high-speed cameras plus data processing that turn vehicle and plate images into computer-readable data) except for listed purposes such as parking, secured-area access, public safety and auto theft, law enforcement, commercial vehicle enforcement and tolls. Captured data generally may not be kept over 90 days or sold or shared, with exceptions for police, insurers and lenders. Violations carry fines of $20 to $2,000, up to one year in jail, or both. Signed April 10, 2026 (Acts Ch. 71).
Relating to public safety; and declaring an emergency.
Oregon's 2026 public safety act (Chapter 77, in effect since it was signed on March 31, 2026) sets statewide rules for police use of automated license plate recognition (ALPR): cameras combined with computer algorithms that read plates and vehicle traits. Police may use ALPR only for listed purposes, must delete data not tied to a case or investigation within 30 days, log every search, publish their policies and their vendors' monthly audits, and may share data with non-Oregon agencies only for a specific law enforcement purpose. Vendors may not use, share or sell the data. The act also changes pretrial release and two state grant programs.
Data Privacy - Consumer Data, Public Records, and Message Switching System (Data Privacy Act)
HB711 prohibits the sale of consumer data to governmental units engaged in civil immigration enforcement unless required by law.
Establishes NJ Artificial Intelligence Advisory Council.
New Jersey's S3357 would create the New Jersey Artificial Intelligence Advisory Council, located in but not part of the Office of Information Technology, to study State agency use of AI. The seven voting members would assess whether State agencies need an AI code of ethics, recommend guidelines, review automated decision systems, and report to the Governor and Legislature within one year of the first meeting. Introduced June 3, 2024. A bill of the Legislature's 2024-2025 session, which ended January 13, 2026.
Establishes public-private partnerships to develop artificial intelligence job training.
New Jersey's S3984 would let the Commissioner of Labor and Workforce Development contract with a private entity that takes on full financial and administrative responsibility for developing AI job training, including retraining for displaced workers and building AI skills in the State workforce. Each agreement would create an advisory council reporting annually to the Governor and Legislature. The private entity would be exempt from the Department's procurement rules and certain prevailing wage requirements. Introduced December 19, 2024. A bill of the Legislature's 2024-2025 session, which ended January 13, 2026.
Artificial intelligence: education and workforce development.
California's AB 2487 (2025-26 Regular Session) would have enacted the Artificial Intelligence Education and Workforce Development Act. Upon appropriation, the California Community Colleges would have developed AI-use guidance for districts, supported AI literacy and skills partnerships and instructor training, run a classroom AI pilot program and reported to the Legislature. It was never heard; its first hearing was canceled at the author's request on April 7, 2026, and it was not passed before the session ended.
Relating To Artificial Intelligence.
Hawaii's HB 2597 (H.D. 1, S.D. 1) would have required the State's chief data officer to turn the open data portal into a comprehensive Hawaii data hub with an AI chatbot developed in phases, and to build a system to evaluate and select AI governance tools for state agencies and publish agency AI use cases and vendors. It passed the House March 5, 2026, but the Senate never passed it; it died when the session adjourned May 8, 2026.
Technology; artificial intelligence; state agencies; prohibited uses; permitted uses; Office of Management and Enterprise Services; effective date.
Oklahoma's HB 3545 (2026), as engrossed, would have set rules for state agency use of AI: banning cognitive behavioral manipulation, discriminatory classification, real-time remote biometric identification in public spaces (with warrant and emergency exceptions) and deceptive deepfakes, and requiring human review of high-risk AI decisions. It passed the House 96-0 on March 11, 2026 and was referred to a Senate committee April 1, 2026; it died when the session ended May 14, 2026.
Deepfake Political Advertising Regulation Amendment Act of 2024
The District of Columbia's B25-0832, the Deepfake Political Advertising Regulation Amendment Act of 2024, would have required campaign material containing AI-generated "artificial media" to carry a disclosure statement, barred knowingly distributing artificial media within 90 days of an election, and allowed injunctive relief and Campaign Finance Board civil fines. Introduced June 5, 2024 and referred to committee, it was not enacted and died when Council Period 25 ended.
Limiting the use of automatic registration plate readers, requiring a search warrant for data from an automatic registration plate reader or security camera, and providing a penalty.
Wisconsin's AB 576 would have banned use of automatic registration plate readers (devices that turn plate images into computer-readable data) except by parking facilities, for access control to enclosed non-public areas, and at weigh stations. It would also have barred law enforcement from using data from private security cameras or plate readers without a warrant, except in an emergency involving danger of death or serious injury. Introduced October 24, 2025 and referred to committee; it failed to pass March 23, 2026.
Relating to: prohibiting state agencies and local governmental units from using facial recognition technology or data generated from it.
Wisconsin's AB 575 (2025-26) would have created s. 995.80 to prohibit any state agency or local governmental unit from using facial recognition technology, or data generated from it, for any purpose except identifying its own employees for employment-related purposes. It was referred to the Criminal Justice and Public Safety Committee on October 24, 2025 and failed to pass pursuant to Senate Joint Resolution 1 on March 23, 2026.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 10; Title 24 and Title 38, relative to historical location data.
Tennessee's SB2215 (114th General Assembly), the "Protecting Everyone from Excessive Police Surveillance (PEEPS) Act," would have barred government officials, including government contractors, from accessing a database (including license plate, facial recognition, biometric or cellular location data) that reveals a person's or vehicle's location more than 24 hours earlier, except with a felony search warrant, consent, exigent circumstances or other listed cases. Companion: HB 2608. Not passed before the session ended in April 2026; last action: Assigned to General Subcommittee of Senate Judiciary Committee (March 23, 2026).
Colorado Artificial Intelligence Act
Colorado's SB 24-205 (the Colorado AI Act) covers high-risk AI that makes, or is a substantial factor in making, consequential decisions such as hiring, lending, housing, insurance and health care. Developers and deployers must use reasonable care against algorithmic discrimination; deployers need risk programs, impact assessments and notices. Signed May 17, 2024 (Chapter 198). Duties run from June 30, 2026 (SB 25B-004) until SB 26-189 replaces Part 17 on January 1, 2027. Under a stipulated April 27, 2026 order in X. AI LLC v. Weiser (D. Colo.), the Attorney General may not start enforcement over violations through 14 days after a ruling on xAI's planned preliminary-injunction motion.
Adds to existing law to establish provisions regarding generative artificial intelligence in public education.
Idaho's S 1227 (2026 Session Laws Chapter 71) adds Chapter 70, Generative Artificial Intelligence in Education, to Title 33. The State Department of Education must develop a statewide generative AI framework for K-12 schools, subject to State Board approval, that prioritizes human oversight, transparency, safety and data security and ensures no generative AI replaces a human teacher. Every school district and public charter school must adopt a generative AI policy aligned with it. Vendors of AI tools bought by schools must disclose whether products use machine learning, predictive analytics or generative AI. Signed March 19, 2026; effective July 1, 2026.
James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (Division G, Title LXXII, Subtitle B: Advancing American AI Act)
Subtitle B of Title LXXII of Division G of the FY2023 NDAA is the Advancing American AI Act. OMB guidance under the AI in Government Act must consider responsible-AI practices and civil rights and privacy protections (sec. 7224). For five years each agency must keep an inventory of its AI use cases, share it, and publish it where practicable (sec. 7225). OMB must identify new AI use cases and run pilot projects (sec. 7226), and the Act supports small-business engagement in agency AI work (sec. 7227). Intelligence community elements are exempt (sec. 7228). The rest of the NDAA is outside this entry.
MS Fully Autonomous Vehicle Enabling Act; extend repealer on law enforcement interaction plan submission to DPS.
Mississippi's SB 2269 keeps in force, until July 1, 2029, the rule that anyone operating a fully autonomous vehicle on public roads without a human driver must first submit a law enforcement interaction plan to the Department of Public Safety. The rule (Code § 63-35-7, from the 2023 MS FAVE Act) was set to be repealed July 1, 2026. The plan covers how to reach a fleet support specialist, how to safely remove and tow the vehicle, and how to tell whether it is in autonomous mode; without one, the Department may order the vehicle off public roads. Approved March 13, 2026 (Chapter 330); effective July 1, 2026.
Public employees: notice: artificial intelligence performing service within scope of work.
Vetoed. AB 2656 would have required California public employers to give a recognized employee organization at least 45 days' written notice before taking action to develop, purchase or require the use of generative AI to perform a service within the scope of work of a job classification it represents. Governor Newsom vetoed it on September 30, 2026, saying it would add redundant administrative layers for public agencies, slow even harmless tools, and that the issue is best handled through collective bargaining.
Concerning the use of facial recognition services.
Washington's Chapter 257, Laws of 2020 (ESSB 6280) governs state and local government use of facial recognition services (chapter 43.386 RCW). Before use, an agency must give notice to its legislative authority and publish an accountability report after public comment and community meetings. Decisions with legal or similarly significant effects require meaningful human review; services must be tested in operational conditions and vendors must allow independent accuracy and bias testing. Ongoing surveillance, real-time identification and persistent tracking need a warrant, exigent circumstances or a court order. The governor vetoed section 10 (a task force). Effective July 1, 2021.
Public Records/Investigations by the Department of Legal Affairs
Florida's SB 4-D (2026 Special Session D) would have made information the Department of Legal Affairs holds about notifications or investigations of violations of the companion chatbot, bot consumer-protection and deidentified-data sections created by SB 2-D (the Artificial Intelligence Bill of Rights) confidential and exempt from public records laws. It passed the Senate 33-4 on April 28, 2026 and died in the House Information Technology Budget & Policy Subcommittee on April 29, 2026; it did not become law.
MARRIAGE ACT-EVIDENCE
Illinois's SB 3901 (104th General Assembly) would add subsection (c-5) to Section 105 of the Illinois Marriage and Dissolution of Marriage Act, requiring a court, notwithstanding any other law, to review evidence in proceedings under that Act under Supreme Court Rule 901 to evaluate whether proposed evidence may have been generated by AI. Last action: re-referred to Assignments May 22, 2026.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 28 and Title 39, Chapter 17, relative to the unauthorized use of deepfake or actual likeness.
Tennessee's SB 1346, the Preventing Deepfake Images Act (Tenn. Code § 39-17-1901 et seq.), lets a person shown in an intimate digital depiction (a realistic digitally created or altered image appearing to show them nude or in sexual conduct) sue anyone who intentionally discloses it knowing, or recklessly disregarding, that they did not consent. Remedies: the defendant's gains, actual or $150,000 liquidated damages, punitive damages and fees. Disclosing or threatening to disclose one to harass or harm is a Class E felony (Class C if reasonably expected to affect a government proceeding or election, or to facilitate violence). Signed May 9, 2025 (Public Chapter 466); effective July 1, 2025.
TEST AI Act of 2025 Testing and Evaluation Systems for Trusted Artificial Intelligence Act of 2025
The federal S. 1633 (TEST AI Act of 2025) would require the NIST Director, with the Secretary of Energy, to run a pilot program of testbeds to assess the feasibility and advisability of developing measurement standards for AI systems used by Federal agencies. A Commerce-led AI Testing Working Group of up to 10 members would write a strategy within 1 year of being established. Introduced May 7, 2025 and referred to the Senate Commerce Committee; no further action.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 4; Title 5; Title 6; Title 7; Title 12; Title 39; Title 45; Title 47; Title 48; Title 50; Title 55; Title 61; Title 62; Title 65; Title 66; Title 67 and Title 68, relative to artificial intelligence.
Tennessee's SB 1363 (114th General Assembly) would have required the Attorney General and Reporter's office, by July 1, 2026 and using existing resources, to report to legislative committee chairs how many Consumer Protection Act investigations involved AI used to carry out an unfair or deceptive practice, for conduct from January 1, 2024 to December 31, 2025. Companion to HB 1246. Last action March 10, 2026; the bill died when the session adjourned in April 2026.
Prohibits the department of corrections and community supervision from using artificial intelligence in evaluating the risk and needs principles used to measure rehabilitation of a person, in determining which incarcerated individuals may be released on parole or the level of supervision for…
New York's A 11320 (same as S 10349) would amend Executive Law section 259-c and Correction Law section 71-a to bar the Department of Corrections and Community Supervision from using AI in evaluating the risk and needs principles used to measure rehabilitation, in deciding who may be released on parole or the supervision level, or in developing transitional accountability plans. Release decisions and plans would still need written approval. Introduced May 11, 2026 and referred to the Assembly Correction Committee; it has not passed either house.
Directs the commissioner of education to conduct a study on the use of biometric identifying technology; prohibits the use of biometric identifying technology in schools until July 1, 2022 or until the commissioner authorizes such purchase or utilization, whichever occurs later.
New York's A 6787-D barred public and nonpublic elementary and secondary schools, including charter schools, from buying or using biometric identifying technology until July 1, 2022 or until the Commissioner of Education authorized it after a public report, whichever was later. As signed it added Education Law § 2-e; Chapter 2 of 2021 moved it to State Technology Law § 106-b, had the Office of Information Technology Services write the report, and allowed employee fingerprinting and consenting-employee uses. In September 2023 the Commissioner banned facial recognition in schools and left other biometrics to local decision. Signed December 22, 2020 (Chapter 349); effective immediately.
Defining synthetic media in campaigns for elective office, and providing relief for candidates and campaigns.
Chapter 360, Laws of 2023 addresses election deepfakes. Synthetic media is an image, audio or video of a person's appearance, speech or conduct intentionally manipulated with generative adversarial network techniques or other digital technology to create a realistic but false depiction with a fundamentally different impression than the original. A candidate depicted in synthetic media in an electioneering communication can seek an injunction and sue the sponsor for damages. A set-format disclosure that the media "has been manipulated" is an affirmative defense. The sponsor, not the medium, is liable unless the medium removes the disclosure or alters the content. Now chapter 29B.35 RCW.
Enact the Ohio Right to Compute Act
The Ohio Right to Compute Act would bar state agencies and local governments from restricting anyone's lawful use, development, deployment or possession of computing resources, including AI and machine learning systems, unless the restriction is narrowly tailored to a compelling governmental interest, such as critical infrastructure reliability, fraud, protecting minors from nonconsensual deepfakes, or rules for employees' AI use. Anyone operating an AI system that controls critical infrastructure would need a risk management policy following the NIST AI framework or another recognized standard. The House Technology and Innovation Committee reported an amended version on June 10, 2026.
Relating to the use of artificial intelligence in campaign communications; declaring an emergency.
Oregon's SB 1571 requires any campaign communication (one supporting or opposing a clearly identified candidate or measure, at any spending level) that includes synthetic media to carry a disclosure that the image, audio or video has been manipulated. Synthetic media is an individual's image, audio or video intentionally manipulated with AI or similar digital technology into a realistic but false depiction that changes a reasonable person's understanding. The Secretary of State, or the Attorney General for Secretary of State races, may seek injunctions, and courts impose civil penalties up to $10,000. Signed March 27, 2024 (Chapter 62, Oregon Laws 2024); effective on signing.
Technology Innovation Fund; establish.
Mississippi's HB 1489 (2025) would establish a Technology Innovation Fund, administered by the Department of Information Technology Services, to finance technology projects that improve government service delivery, including research, prototyping and piloting of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, data analytics and cloud computing. It would be capitalized with $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2026 or another source set by the Legislature. It died in committee on February 4, 2025.
Relating to the regulation of artificial intelligence.
Not law. Oregon HB 3771 (2025), sponsored by Representative Grayber, would have required the State Chief Information Officer to study artificial intelligence and report to the interim legislative committees on information management and technology no later than September 15, 2026, with the study section repealed January 2, 2027. It set no duties for businesses or penalties. It was referred to Information Management and Technology and was in committee upon adjournment June 27, 2025.
Election Law - Election Misinformation, Election Disinformation, and Deepfakes
Maryland's Chapter 444 of 2026 targets election misinformation and deepfakes. On a credible report of false information about voting, results or voting rights, including a deepfake, the State Administrator of Elections must publish corrections and may seek a court order to remove it from online platforms (not against platforms for users' posts) and subpoena records. The State Board can sue those who knowingly spread disinformation, or recklessly spread misinformation, for correction costs. Knowingly or recklessly using a deepfake to produce materially false election information meant to sway voters or petition signers is a misdemeanor: up to 5 years and $5,000. Effective June 1, 2026.
Relating To Traffic Safety.
Hawaii's HB 1231 (Act 212 of 2025) bars photo red light imaging detector systems and automated speed enforcement systems from using or being equipped with facial recognition software or biometric identification technology. Automated license plate readers and non-biometric technology used to verify vehicle identity or registration or to produce photographic evidence of a violation are exempt. It also requires each county to impose a $5 motor vehicle registration surcharge for the safe routes to school program by December 31, 2025, and revises the mailing rules for speed camera citations. Became Act 212 June 25, 2025; effective on approval.
VEH CD-LICENSE PLATE READERS
Illinois's SB 3320 (103rd General Assembly) would have amended Section 2-130 of the Illinois Vehicle Code on automated license plate readers (ALPR), which use computer algorithms to convert plate images into searchable data. It would have set retention and access limits on ALPR detections held by State law enforcement. Died at Session Sine Die on January 7, 2025.
Prohibits the use of facial recognition and biometric information as the sole factor in determining the existence of probable cause to place in custody or arrest an individual.
New York's A 519 (2023-2024) would have amended the Executive Law (new § 837-y) so that biometric identifying technology, including facial recognition, could not be the sole factor in determining probable cause to place a person in custody or arrest them. By January 1, 2025 every municipal police department, sheriff's office and the State Police would have had to adopt a written policy barring stops, detentions or searches solely motivated by such technology. Referred to Governmental Operations January 9, 2023 and January 3, 2024; it never passed and died at the end of the 2023-2024 session.
Enacts the "facial recognition technology study act" to study privacy concerns and potential regulatory approaches to the development of facial recognition technology.
New York's A 2642 (the "facial recognition technology study act") would have created a seven-member task force to study the proper regulatory approach to facial recognition technology: privacy concerns, regulation by other jurisdictions, misuse, and the best administrative methods. It would report to the governor and legislature within one year of the act's effective date. Introduced January 26, 2023 and referred to the Governmental Operations Committee (again January 3, 2024); it died at the end of the 2023-2024 session.
Artificial Intelligence Literacy and Inclusion Act
The federal H.R. 3210 (Artificial Intelligence Literacy and Inclusion Act) would let the National Science Foundation Director make awards to nonprofits, educational institutions or consortia for local AI literacy programs, with priority for marginalized communities. The Labor, Commerce, SBA and Education heads would each report to Congress within 1 year of enactment. Introduced May 6, 2025 and referred to four House committees; no further action.
Provides that a person may operate a fully autonomous vehicle on the public roads of this state without a human driver provided that the automated driving system is engaged and the vehicle meets certain conditions; defines terms; requires insurance and that such vehicle is registered as a fully…
New York's S 344-B would add Vehicle and Traffic Law Article 34-E allowing a fully autonomous vehicle (10,000 pounds or less gross weight, with two distinct sensing modalities) to operate without a human driver while its automated driving system is engaged. Operators must file a law enforcement interaction plan with the DMV and show proof of insurance or self-insurance, and the owner is liable for traffic violations while the system is engaged. Amended and recommitted to Transportation May 6, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Use of Surveillance Technology by Law Enforcement
Colorado's SB26-071, the Surveillance Accountability and Freedom Ensured (SAFE) Act, would have set rules for law enforcement surveillance technology, including facial recognition systems, which could be used only after a warrant or in exigent circumstances with an imminent public-safety threat. The requirements would apply from July 1, 2027. The Senate Judiciary Committee postponed it indefinitely 6-1 on May 6, 2026; it is dead.
AI Talent Act
The federal H.R. 6573 (AI Talent Act) would let federal agencies and the OPM Director establish technology and AI talent teams to support hiring, allow individuals with expertise in the job field to develop and share technical assessments, and require the OPM Director to operate an online platform for sharing them. Its definition of an examination would, from 5 years after enactment, include one that does not solely rely on self-assessment from an automated examination, subject to a waiver. Introduced December 10, 2025 and referred to the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee; no further action.
Human Control of AI Act
Illinois's HB 4980 (104th General Assembly) would create the Meaningful Human Control of Artificial Intelligence Act. Public employers and their contractors could not use or procure automated decision-making systems for specified functions without meaningful and continuing human review, and would have to run impact assessments at least every 2 years. It passed House committee as amended; re-referred to Rules April 17, 2026.
AI OVERWATCH Act Artificial Intelligence Oversight of Verified Exports and Restrictions on Weaponizable Advanced Technology to Covered High-Risk Actors Act
H.R. 6875, the AI OVERWATCH Act, as introduced would require a license, with no general license allowed, to export, reexport or transfer in-country covered integrated circuits (advanced chips classified under ECCN 3A090/4A090 or above set performance thresholds, designed or marketed for data centers) to entities located or headquartered in, or whose ultimate parent is headquartered in, China, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Russia or Venezuela. Introduced December 18, 2025 and referred to the House Foreign Affairs Committee, which ordered it reported in the nature of a substitute on January 21, 2026 (42-2); this page describes the introduced text. It has not passed either house.
Requires state units to purchase a product or service that is or contains an algorithmic decision system that adheres to responsible artificial intelligence standards; specifies content included in responsible artificial intelligence standards; requires the commissioner of taxation and finance to…
New York's A 5216 would add State Finance Law § 165(10) requiring state units buying a product or service that is or contains an algorithmic decision system to purchase one that adheres to responsible AI standards (harm avoidance, transparency, fairness, evaluation), with the tax commissioner adopting regulations, and would amend Executive Law § 292(4) so unlawful discriminatory practices include acts performed through an algorithmic decision system. Would take effect on January 1 next succeeding enactment. Referred to Governmental Operations February 12, 2025 and January 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Artificial intelligence education; creating the AI Education Innovation Act, the AI Education Innovation Revolving Fund and the AI Education Advisory Council; effective date.
Oklahoma's HB 1782 (2025-26), as engrossed, would have created the Oklahoma AI Education Innovation Act, a revolving fund for AI in education split among four agencies, and an AI Education Advisory Council. It passed the House 81-9 on March 11, 2026 and was placed on the Senate General Order on April 21, 2026, but the Senate did not pass it, and it died when the session ended May 14, 2026.
Prohibit distributing deepfakes under the Nebraska Political Accountability and Disclosure Act
Not law. Nebraska LB615, introduced by Senator John Cavanaugh, would have barred distributing a deceptive and fraudulent deepfake of a candidate or party within 90 days before an election, if the distributor knew or should have known what it was. A disclaimer saying the media was manipulated or generated by artificial intelligence would have made the ban inapplicable, and a depicted candidate could have sought an injunction. Indefinitely postponed April 17, 2026.
Deterring American AI Model Theft Act of 2026
The federal H.R. 8283 (Deterring American AI Model Theft Act of 2026) would direct the Secretary of State to assess model extraction attacks on closed-source American AI models by entities of concern and to keep a public attackers list, and would direct Commerce to consider Entity List additions. It would authorize IEEPA sanctions. Referred to the House Foreign Affairs Committee April 15, 2026; ordered reported as amended 43-0 April 22, 2026; no reported text yet; it has not passed the House.
AN ACT CONCERNING AUTOMATED DECISION SYSTEMS PROTECTIONS FOR EMPLOYEES.
Connecticut's SB 435 (2026) would have set rules for employers that use automated employment-related decision processes. Deployers would have had to give applicants and employees notices, a statement of reasons for adverse decisions with a chance to correct data and appeal to human review, and an annual independent bias audit; violations of sections 3 to 8 would have been unfair trade practices enforced solely by the Attorney General; aggrieved workers could also have sued. It also covered state-agency AI use. After a Judiciary Committee favorable report, it was tabled for the Senate calendar April 20, 2026 and never voted on; it died when the session adjourned May 6, 2026.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 2; Title 4; Title 8; Title 10; Title 16; Title 29; Title 36; Title 37; Title 38; Title 39; Title 40; Title 45; Title 47; Title 48; Title 49; Title 53; Title 62; Title 63; Title 65; Title 67; Title 68 and Title 71, relative to artificial intelligence.
Tennessee's SB 2521 (114th General Assembly) would have changed the annual report schedule of the state's artificial intelligence advisory council in Tenn. Code Ann. § 4-3-3105(c) and added a required topic: recommendations on strategies to detect and minimize the risk of fraud committed by persons using AI. Companion to HB 2586. Last action March 10, 2026; the bill died when the General Assembly adjourned in April 2026.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 4; Title 10; Title 16; Title 36; Title 37; Title 38; Title 39; Title 40; Title 45; Title 47; Title 48; Title 49; Title 53; Title 63; Title 67; Title 68 and Title 71, relative to artificial intelligence.
Tennessee's SB 2618 (114th General Assembly) would amend Tenn. Code Ann. § 4-3-3105(c), the artificial intelligence advisory council's annual report provision, by changing "December 31" to "December 15". The official abstract adds that the joint chairs would publish the findings on the general assembly's website. Last action February 5, 2026 (referred to the Senate Delayed Bills Committee); the bill died when the General Assembly adjourned in April 2026.
Attorneys, arbitrators, judicial officers, and alternative resolution providers.
California's SB 574 sets rules for generative AI in legal work. Attorneys may not delegate the practice of law to generative AI; when using it they must keep confidential, personal identifying and other nonpublic information out of systems not restricted to them and those they authorize under confidentiality duties, take reasonable steps to verify outputs, including all citations, correct hallucinated output, and disclose its use to the court for documents they submit. Court filings may not contain citations the responsible attorney has not personally verified. Arbitrators may not delegate decision-making to generative AI. Signed September 30, 2026 (Chapter 858); effective January 1, 2027.
Commission To Monitor The Use Of Artificial Intelligence In State Government
Rhode Island S 117 (2023), as introduced on February 1, 2023, would establish a permanent commission within the department of administration to continuously study, monitor and make recommendations on state use of automated decision systems, including a survey of all such uses. Members would be appointed within 45 days of the effective date, the commission would meet at least six times a year and report annually by December 31. The text says it takes effect upon passage.
Artificial Intelligence Task Force; create and prescribe responsibilities of.
Mississippi's HB 1535 (2025), as passed the House, would establish the Artificial Intelligence Regulation (AIR) Task Force of seven voting members, serving as a regulatory sandbox to review and draft proposed revisions to the Mississippi Code on regulating AI; per its title, it would report findings and recommendations to the Legislature annually by December 1. It passed the House on January 30, 2025, was reported from Senate Technology with amendments on March 3, and died on the Senate calendar on March 12, 2025.
Enacts the "New York AI Child Safety Act" relating to the unlawful promotion or possession of a sexual performance of a child created by digitization; defines terms; increases penalties from a class D or E felony to a class C felony.
New York's A 9180 (2023-2024 session), the "New York AI Child Safety Act," would have amended Penal Law §§ 263.10, 263.11, 263.15 and 263.16 to cover sexual performances and depictions of a child "created or altered by digitization" that may reasonably be perceived as a child under 18, raised the age thresholds from 16 or 17 to 18, and raised each offense to a class C felony (from class D or E). Introduced February 12, 2024, referred to the Codes Committee and held for consideration there May 14, 2024; it never advanced and died at the end of the 2023-2024 session.
An act relating to the use of synthetic media in elections
Vermont's S.23 (Act 75) bars publishing, communicating or distributing, within 90 days before a Vermont election, synthetic media the person knows is deceptive and fraudulent unless it states: "This media has been manipulated or generated by digital technology and depicts speech or conduct that did not occur." Synthetic media is image, audio or video of a person created or intentionally manipulated with digital technology, including AI. Knowing and intentional violations: fines up to $1,000; $5,000 with intent to cause violence; $10,000 for a repeat within five years; $15,000 for both. Depicted candidates may seek injunctions. Signed and effective March 5, 2026.
An act relating to regulating developers and deployers of certain automated decision systems
Vermont's H.340 (2025-2026 biennium) would have regulated developers and deployers of automated decision systems used for consequential decisions in areas such as education, employment, housing, health care, financial services and government services. It would have made algorithmic discrimination unlawful, required independent audits and reports to the Attorney General, notices, explanations and human-review appeals for consumers, and a risk management program. It was referred to House Commerce on February 25, 2025 and died when the biennium ended.
Requires the division of criminal justice services to formulate a protocol for the regulation of the use of artificial intelligence and facial recognition technology in criminal investigations; restricts the use of artificial intelligence-generated outputs in court.
New York's A 10625 would have amended Executive Law § 837 to require a standardized written protocol for police use of AI and facial recognition technology in criminal investigations, and added Criminal Procedure Law § 60.77 making AI-generated outputs, including facial recognition results, inadmissible as evidence in criminal or civil proceedings. Referred to the Codes Committee June 20, 2024; it died at the end of the 2023-2024 session.
Provides that a person may operate a fully autonomous vehicle on the public roads of this state without a human driver provided that the automated driving system is engaged and the vehicle meets certain conditions; defines terms; requires insurance and that such vehicle is registered as a fully…
New York's S 1012-B (2023-2024 session) would have added Vehicle and Traffic Law Article 34-E allowing a person to operate a fully autonomous (SAE level 4 or 5) vehicle on public roads without a human driver while its automated driving system is engaged, subject to conditions, a law enforcement interaction plan, proof of insurance and registration as a fully autonomous vehicle. The state would have governed these vehicles exclusively, with any city of five million or more people able to set local for-hire rules. It was referred to the Transportation Committee and last amended March 1, 2024; it did not pass, and the session ended without action.
Prohibits the use of biometric surveillance technology by law enforcement; establishes the biometric surveillance regulation task force; provides for the expiration and repeal of certain provisions.
New York's S 1609 (2023-2024) would have added Executive Law sections 837-x and 236 prohibiting police agencies, officers, peace officers and State Police members from acquiring, possessing, accessing or using a biometric surveillance system, or information derived from one. Exceptions covered mobile fingerprint scanning, the State DNA index and the statewide fingerprint system. It also created a Task Force on the Regulation of Biometric Surveillance. Reported and committed to Codes May 7, 2024, it died when the 2023-2024 session ended.
Task Force on Proactive Review of Audio and Video Recordings on Special Education Buses
Maryland's HB 530 (2026, first reader text) would have created a Task Force on Proactive Review of Audio and Video Recordings on Special Education Buses to study using AI tools to review bus recordings for student safety. The task force would report by December 1, 2026 and the Act would end June 30, 2027. It had a House Ways and Means hearing set for February 18, 2026 and died when the 2026 session ended.
Suspending Rules 24(c), 35, 41(b), and 42(e), Uniform Rules of the Alaska State Legislature, concerning House Bill No. 358, relating to defamation claims based on the use of deepfakes; and relating to the use of deepfakes in electioneering communications.
Not adopted. SCR 28 was a procedural resolution from the Alaska Senate Judiciary Committee to suspend the Legislature's Uniform Rules so that HB 358, the deepfake defamation and election bill, could take a new title after the committee rewrote it. It was read once and held on the Senate Secretary's desk on May 13, 2024, and neither it nor HB 358 passed before the session ended. It has no substantive provisions of its own.
ELEC CD-AI ADVERT DISCLOSURE
Illinois's SB 150 (104th General Assembly) would add Section 9-9.6 to the Election Code. A person, committee or other entity that creates, originally publishes or originally distributes a qualified political advertisement, meaning a paid ad about a candidate, election or ballot question containing an image, audio or video generated in whole or substantially by AI, would have to include a clear and conspicuous statement that it was AI-generated. Re-referred to Assignments April 11, 2025.
Maryland Cybersecurity Council - Alterations
Maryland's HB 376 restructures the Maryland Cybersecurity Council and adds AI duties. Working with NIST, other federal agencies, businesses, nonprofits and experts, the Council must assess and address cybersecurity threats and associated risks from AI and quantum computing and address emerging AI threats, including adversarial AI, cyber attacks, deepfakes, unethical use and fraud. The Attorney General no longer chairs it; from October 1, 2025 members elect a chair and vice chair every 2 years. Appointed seats become designated ones, including nine higher education members (at least four with AI and quantum computing expertise). Approved May 20, 2025 (Chapter 627); effective October 1, 2025.
Requires disclosure of the use of artificial intelligence in political communications; directs the state board of elections to create criteria for determining whether a political communication contains an image or video footage created through generative artificial intelligence and to create a…
New York's S 7592-A (2023-2024) would have amended Election Law section 14-106 to require any political communication that uses an image or video generated wholly or partly with artificial intelligence to carry the statement "THIS COMMUNICATION WAS GENERATED USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE", with a fine equal to the amount spent on the communication for failure to disclose. The State Board of Elections would set criteria and a definition. Amended February 26, 2024, it died in Elections when the 2023-2024 session ended.
Consumer Protection - Workgroup on Artificial Intelligence Implementation
Maryland's HB 956 creates the Workgroup on Artificial Intelligence Implementation: legislators, the Attorney General, the Maryland Technology Development Corporation CEO and appointed industry, academic, labor, civil rights, privacy, consumer and cybersecurity representatives. It monitors and makes recommendations on AI, including regulating AI used in decisions that significantly impact people's livelihood and life opportunities, developer and deployer obligations, consumer rights and disclosures, Attorney General enforcement and AI in government benefit decisions, and reports yearly from July 1, 2026. Approved April 22, 2025 (Chapter 105); effective July 1, 2025; ends June 30, 2029.
Sets rules and procedures for the admissibility of evidence created or processed by artificial intelligence.
New York's S 8390 (2023-2024) would have added CPL § 60.80 and CPLR § 4551 barring evidence created in whole or part by AI from criminal and civil proceedings unless it is substantially supported by independent, admissible evidence and the proponent establishes the reliability and accuracy of the specific AI use through a qualified expert. Evidence processed by AI would need the reliability showing. Referred to Codes January 26, 2024; it died when the 2023-2024 session ended.
Prohibits the creation and dissemination of synthetic media within sixty days of an election with intent to unduly influence the outcome of an election; makes such act a class E felony.
New York's S 8400-A (2023-2024) would have added Election Law § 17-172 making it a class E felony to create, or cause to be created, synthetic media and disseminate or publish it within sixty days of an election with intent to injure a candidate or unduly influence the outcome. It excluded commentary, parody, news reporting and media made with consent. Amended January 30, 2024 and left in the Elections Committee; it died when the 2023-2024 session ended.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 29; Title 33; Title 39 and Title 47, relative to artificial intelligence.
Tennessee Public Chapter 1066 directs the Tennessee Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations (TACIR) to study artificial intelligence and report to the governor and both speakers by January 31, 2027. The study must assess AI risks to child safety, of death or injury and of property loss; explore ways to reduce them and review national, international and industry standards; look at ways to stop AI from giving dangerous prompts such as encouraging suicide or violent crime; and identify the risks of chatbots acting human or offering emotional support or health care. Introduced as a felony bill, it was rewritten into this study. Signed May 22, 2026; effective immediately.
Provides relative to the use of artificial intelligence in political campaigns
Louisiana's HB 459 (Act 806) bars making an electioneering communication portraying a candidate or an elected official subject to recall that AI was used to create, alter or digitally manipulate so it would falsely appear to a reasonable observer to be an authentic record of their actual speech or conduct and to replace an individual's likeness with theirs, without a clear, understandable disclosure that it was made using AI. A violation intended to injure their reputation or deceive a voter carries a fine up to $2,000, up to two years in prison, or both. Media entities that broadcast paid ads they had no input in or control over are exempt. Signed June 9, 2026; effective August 1, 2026.
Establishes the position of chief artificial intelligence officer and such person's functions, powers and duties; including, but not limited to, developing statewide artificial intelligence policies and governance, coordinating the activities of any and all state departments, boards, commissions…
New York's S 9104 (2023-2024) would have created the position of chief artificial intelligence officer, appointed by the governor with Senate advice and consent, and an office that would develop statewide AI policy and a risk management plan, coordinate agency AI procurement, audit agency AI use and report annually to legislative leaders; an advisory committee would be created. Passed the Senate June 4, 2024 (61-0) and went to the Assembly Governmental Operations Committee, where it died when the 2023-2024 session ended.
Provides relative to unlawful conduct involving images of another person created by artificial intelligence (REF SEE FISC NOTE GF EX)
Louisiana's HB 119 (Act 782), the Ivy Daniels Act, makes it a crime to possess an AI-created video or image of a person under 17 who is nude or has intimate areas exposed, when the possessor knows or has reason to know they are not authorized to have it: up to five years, at least one without parole, probation or suspension. Unlawful dissemination or sale of AI-created images of another now carries up to one year, a fine up to $1,000, or both, or up to five years if the person depicted is under 17. Educators who victimize students may face an additional two years. Public schools must inform students in grade 6 and up and their parents yearly. Signed June 9, 2026; effective August 1, 2026.
Providing for a report on artificial intelligence in the workforce; and imposing duties on the Department of Labor and Industry and Department of Community and Economic Development.
Pennsylvania's SB 293 (2025-26), the Artificial Intelligence Workforce Impact Act (Printer's No. 1269), would require the Secretary of Labor and Industry, in consultation with the Department of Community and Economic Development and the Office of Administration, to study AI's impact on the workforce and report to the General Assembly within 18 months. The Labor & Industry Committee reported it as amended on October 22, 2025; it was laid on the table on February 2, 2026 and remains pending.
Protecting AI and Cloud Competition in Defense Act of 2025
The federal S. 1775 (Protecting AI and Cloud Competition in Defense Act of 2025) would require the Secretary of Defense to use a competitive award process for each procurement of cloud computing, data infrastructure or foundation model solutions, keep Government data under exclusive Government rights, and bar use of that data to train a covered provider's commercial products without express DoD authorization. Introduced May 15, 2025 and referred to the Senate Armed Services Committee; no further action.
Fostering artificial intelligence responsibility
Massachusetts H77 would add G.L. Chapter 149B limiting employers' electronic monitoring and use of automated decision systems (independent impact assessments, 10 business days' notice, human oversight, no primary reliance for hiring, discipline or pay), and bar state agencies from using such systems for benefits or rights decisions unless authorized by law. Reported favorably and referred to House Ways and Means December 24, 2025; it has not passed either chamber.
To implement the recommendations of the special commission on facial recognition technology
Massachusetts H1946 would replace G.L. c. 6, s. 220 to bar law enforcement from using facial recognition and other biometric surveillance except for State Police searches under set conditions (judge-authorized felony warrant, emergency, deceased identification). Referred to the Judiciary Committee February 27, 2025; on October 23, 2025 it accompanied new draft H4640, which was reported favorably and referred to House Ways and Means.
Artificial Intelligence Modifications
Utah's HB 276 enacts two AI laws. The Digital Voyeurism Prevention Act bars AI image generation services from distributing counterfeit intimate images of a real person without verified consent, requires covered platforms to remove reported images within 48 hours, and lets victims sue, subject to safe harbors. The Digital Content Provenance Standards Act requires large online platforms to show content provenance data and generative AI providers with over 1,000,000 monthly users and capture-device makers (devices made for sale from 2028) to embed latent disclosures; fines up to $2,500 per violation. Signed March 24, 2026; effective January 1, 2027.
Adds to existing law to require the use of AI to review administrative rules annually.
Idaho's H 917 (2026) would have enacted the AI Regulatory Review Act (new Title 67, chapter 34), requiring every state agency to have an AI system review its regulations and guidance documents during its periodic review under Idaho Code 67-5292. Qualified agency staff would have had 30 days to verify and approve the AI's output, and no rule could be amended or repealed on AI analysis alone. Agencies would have had six months to start. It was introduced March 17, 2026, and then reported printed and referred to the Business Committee (undated), with no later action.
To promote transparency of facial recognition and driver's license photos
Massachusetts S1731 would add G.L. c. 90, s. 8N requiring the Registry of Motor Vehicles to post notices at licensing offices, give applicants written information and publish website information on how officers use and access targeted face recognition on driver's license and ID photos in criminal investigations. It did not advance as its own bill: on December 4, 2025 it accompanied study order S2798.
Relating to the regulation of automated motor vehicles; creating a criminal offense.
Creating the Right to Compute Act and requiring a risk management policy for critical infrastructure facilities controlled by an artificial intelligence system
Montana's SB 212 (Chapter 150, 2025), the Right to Compute Act, requires government actions that restrict the private ownership or use of computational resources for lawful purposes to be limited to those demonstrably necessary and narrowly tailored to fulfill a compelling government interest. When critical infrastructure facilities are controlled in whole or in part by a critical AI system, the deployer must develop a reasonable risk management policy that considers the NIST AI Risk Management Framework, an ISO/IEC AI standard or another recognized framework. The act requires no shutdown capability. Signed and effective April 16, 2025.
Political campaign advertisements; synthetic media, penalty.
Vetoed. Virginia's HB 2479 (2025) would have barred sponsoring an electioneering communication (a paid message naming a candidate, aimed at voters within 60 days of the election) containing synthetic media, meaning deceptively altered or AI-generated images or audio of an identifiable person, unless it conspicuously stated that it contains synthetic media that may present conduct or speech that did not occur. Violations would have carried civil penalties up to $25,000 and, if willful, a Class 1 misdemeanor; voters could have sued to stop the ads. Governor Youngkin vetoed it (March 24, 2025), and the House sustained the veto April 2, 2025.
Commerce and Trade; private entities that employ certain AI systems to guard against discrimination caused by such systems; provide
Georgia's SB 167 would add a new Chapter 16 to Title 10 regulating automated decision systems used for consequential decisions (education, employment, essential government services, financial or lending services, healthcare, housing, insurance and legal services). Developers could not make available a system that results in algorithmic discrimination and would have to provide information to the Attorney General. According to its title, deployers would also have duties, and the Attorney General would enforce. The bill was read and referred on February 13, 2025 and died when the session ended.
Office of Small Business Advocate: artificial intelligence.
California's AB 2583 (2025-26 Regular Session), the AI for Main Street Act, would amend Government Code section 12098.5 to require the Small Business Advocate to assist California small businesses in evaluating artificial intelligence for their operations. That assistance would include information, guidance and training, training materials, and outreach. Held under submission in Assembly Appropriations on May 14, 2026; not passed before the session ended.
An act relating to neurological rights and the use of artificial intelligence technology in health and human services
Act 101 states Vermont's intent for the ethical and responsible use of AI in health care and human services and recognizes individual neurological rights, including mental and neural data privacy, freedom of thought, and protection from unauthorized access to or manipulation of brain activity (18 V.S.A. ch. 42C). It adds members to the state Artificial Intelligence Advisory Council, extends the Council to June 30, 2030, and directs it to report by January 15, 2027 on neurological-rights protections, generative AI use by regulated professions, and AI in health insurance utilization review. Effective May 18, 2026.
3-1-1 Systems - Expansion Program and Oversight Board - Establishment
Maryland's Chapter 434 of 2026 creates the Maryland 3-1-1 Oversight Board in the Maryland Information Network and a 3-1-1 Program that uses AI chatbots and voicebots, drawing on agency-approved sources, to answer residents' non-emergency questions and route calls in pilot counties. Chatbots must start by June 30, 2027, with multilingual support and escalation to live agents; vendors track accuracy from user feedback, and agencies must correct inaccurate source pages. Voicebots, due by December 1, 2027, can transfer calls to 9-1-1, 2-1-1 and 9-8-8, and the program goes statewide by July 1, 2028. Effective July 1, 2026.
Unleashing AI Innovation in Financial Services Act
U.S. Congress's H.R. 4801, the Unleashing AI Innovation in Financial Services Act (119th Congress), would require each federal financial regulatory agency to set up an AI Innovation Lab where regulated financial entities could apply to run AI test projects under waived or modified regulations and an alternative compliance strategy. The Financial Services Committee ordered it reported, as amended, 33-19 on May 13, 2026. It was reported June 24, 2026 and awaits House action.
State contracts: report: modern foundation models and associated artificial intelligence systems.
California's AB 2653 (2025-26 Regular Session) would add Public Contract Code Chapter 6.5 requiring the Department of Industrial Relations, in consultation with the Department of Technology, to convene a nine-member Foundation Model Labor and Procurement Working Group. It would assess labor practices behind modern foundation models and recommend whether and how the state should include labor standards in procurement, reporting by December 31, 2027. Held in Assembly Appropriations May 14, 2026; not passed.
Consumer Protection Artificial Intelligence Bill of Rights.
HR 1177 is a nonbinding North Carolina House resolution urging Congress to preserve the state's authority to regulate harmful uses of AI in consumer protection, to let state agencies keep full investigative and enforcement powers, and to oppose federal moratoria that would stop states from enforcing their laws against AI-enabled fraud and deceptive practices. It was filed April 30, 2026 and referred to the House Rules Committee on May 4, 2026.
Artificial Intelligence Bill of Rights
Not law: passed the Senate but died in the House. Florida's SB 2-D (2026 special session D) would have created an "Artificial Intelligence Bill of Rights" (new part IX of ch. 501, F.S.): parental consent and parental controls for minors on companion chatbot platforms, an hourly pop-up telling users a bot is not human, limits on selling AI users' personal data, an AI-image consent rule for commercial use of name, image or likeness, rules for AI in schools and a ban on state contracts with AI vendors tied to foreign countries of concern. The Senate passed it 37-1 on April 28, 2026; it died in the House Information Technology Budget & Policy Subcommittee on April 29, 2026.
GIITEM subaccount; predictive policing technology
Vetoed. Arizona's SB 1293 (2015) would have appropriated $1,150,000 from the concealed weapons permit fund in fiscal year 2015-2016 to the Department of Administration for block grants to city police agencies for a pilot program to buy and maintain predictive policing technology software: software that generates crime predictions by applying mathematical algorithms and criminal behavior theory to past crime data and recalibrates automatically. It also directed GIITEM border security subaccount money to county sheriffs. The Governor vetoed it April 13, 2015.
Requires Commissioner of Labor and Workforce Development to conduct study and issue report on impact of artificial intelligence on growth of State's economy.
New Jersey's A1781 would require the Commissioner of Labor and Workforce Development, in consultation with the New Jersey Commission on Science, Innovation and Technology, to study the impact of AI-powered technology and automation on the growth of the State's economy and to submit a written report within one year after the act takes effect. Pre-filed for the 2024 session. A bill of the Legislature's 2024-2025 session, which ended January 13, 2026.
Senate Substitute for HB 2313 by Committee on Federal and State Affairs - Prohibiting the use of the artificial intelligence platform DeepSeek and other artificial intelligence platforms controlled by a country of concern on state-owned devices and on any state network and the use of genetic sequencers or operational software used for genetic analysis that is produced in a foreign adversary.
Kansas's Senate Substitute for HB 2313 (2025) bars using state-owned or state-issued devices to access DeepSeek or any AI model controlled, directly or indirectly, by a country of concern (China including Hong Kong, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Russia, Venezuela; Taiwan excluded). State agency networks must block these platforms and agencies must delete existing accounts; law enforcement and cybersecurity investigations are exempt. It also bars state-funded medical and research facilities from using genetic sequencers or analysis software from a foreign adversary. Approved April 8, 2025; it takes effect on its publication in the statute book.
Preventing the dissemination of deepfake materials of political candidates before an election.
New Hampshire's HB 630 (2025) would have amended RSA 664:14-c, which bars distributing a deepfake of a candidate, election official or party within 90 days of an election unless it carries a prescribed disclosure, so that it covers deepfakes created using any "synthetic media technology" rather than only "artificial intelligence or generative AI", and so the disclosure refers to "digital technology" instead of "artificial intelligence technology". The House adopted the committee's Inexpedient to Legislate report 201-169 on March 20, 2025, and the bill died.
Requesting a study regarding the creating of an artificial intelligence elective course to be offered in high schools
West Virginia's HCR 94 (2025 regular session) is a concurrent resolution that would have requested the Joint Committee on Government and Finance to study creating an Artificial Intelligence Education Program, offered as an elective, in public high schools and report to the 2026 regular session with findings, recommendations and draft legislation. It was referred to House Rules on March 18, 2025 and went no further. It is a resolution and does not change the law.
Interim study to examine the current status of artificial intelligence legislation occurring at the state and federal levels to address risks to public safety and to determine what action Nebraska should take to address such risks
Not a law. Nebraska LR421 (2026), introduced by Senator Storer, is an interim study resolution that designates the Banking, Commerce and Insurance Committee to study the status of state and federal artificial intelligence legislation addressing public safety risks and what Nebraska should do. It cites LB1083. Introduced March 24, 2026, it was referred to the Executive Board and then, on March 30, 2026, to that committee; no hearing or report is shown. A resolution does not change the law.
Senate Impact of Social Media and Artificial Intelligence on Children and Platform Privacy Protection Study Committee; create
Georgia's SR 431 is a Senate resolution, adopted 52-0 on April 2, 2025, that created the Senate Impact of Social Media and Artificial Intelligence on Children and Platform Privacy Protection Study Committee: five senators named by the President of the Senate, with majority- and minority-party cochairs, to study social media's and AI's effects on children (including AI chatbots that engage children in obscene conversations) and how online privacy protections can be strengthened, and to recommend action or legislation. The committee stood abolished December 1, 2025. As a resolution of one chamber, it does not change the law.
Concerns regulation of automated systems and artificial intelligence used by State agencies.
Not law. S 1438 would have set rules for New Jersey state agencies' use of automated systems and AI. A new Artificial Intelligence Officer would write procedures for agencies using automated systems to make critical decisions and publish agencies' inventories of those systems, and an AI Implementation Officer would have to approve any new automated system an agency wanted to develop, use or buy, starting two years after enactment. It also would have created a legislative AI Advisory Board and a task force to draft an AI bill of rights. It never left committee in the 2024-2025 session.
Directing the Joint State Government Commission to establish an advisory committee to conduct a study on the field of artificial intelligence and its impact and potential future impact in Pennsylvania.
Pennsylvania's House Resolution 170 directs the Joint State Government Commission, with an advisory committee of state officials, House members, labor, civil liberties, academic, AI, medical, business and other experts, to investigate AI, recommend how to grow the state's emerging technology markets and use AI in state government, and study how other states regulate AI. Its report, due 18 months after adoption, covers AI's benefits and risks, possible legislation, a definition of AI, worker and employer rights, disinformation, student use and fraudulent impersonation. Adopted by the House July 3, 2024 (125-77); a resolution of one chamber that does not change the law.
Higher Education - Maryland Artificial Intelligence Partnership
Maryland's SB 597 creates the Maryland Artificial Intelligence Partnership in the University System of Maryland as a single nexus for AI initiatives. It must develop a State AI strategic plan by December 1, 2026, report progress each December 1 from 2027, and set up Maryland Technology Extension Hubs, one pilot hub in each of three regions by December 15, 2027, linking small businesses to AI resources. It also creates an AI Public Service Fellowship placing public college students on State agency AI projects, an AI Incubation Lab for State agencies (subject to a memorandum of understanding) and a Morgan State AI research role. Approved May 26, 2026 (Chapter 633); effective July 1, 2026.
Providing consumer protections for artificial intelligence systems.
Washington's HB 2667 (2026 session), the House companion to SB 6284, would have required deployers of high-risk AI systems used for consequential decisions on education, employment, lending, health care, housing, insurance, legal services and similar matters to guard against algorithmic discrimination. Deployer duties would start July 1, 2027 and consumer notice July 1, 2026; only the Attorney General could enforce. It had a first reading on January 26, 2026, never got a hearing and died at adjournment on March 12.
Establishes the Artificial Intelligence Literacy Act which establishes an artificial intelligence literacy in the digital equity competitive grant program.
New York's A 6874-A, the Artificial Intelligence Literacy Act, would add Education Law § 115 and require the State Education Commissioner to run a competitive AI literacy digital equity grant program for public schools, community colleges, institutions of higher education and community organizations. Introduced March 18, 2025; amended and recommitted to the Education Committee on April 28, 2025 and re-referred to it on January 7, 2026. It has not passed either house. If enacted, it would take effect one year after becoming law.
Education - Artificial Intelligence - Guidelines, Professional Development, and Collaborative (Artificial Intelligence Ready Schools Act)
Maryland's SB 720, the Artificial Intelligence Ready Schools Act, requires the State Department of Education to provide AI guidance online, with separate guidance for students, educators, administrators and parents, offer AI professional development, and publish a rubric that local school systems must use to evaluate AI tools. Each local school system must name a central-office AI coordinator and must have an AI policy within 120 days after the guidance is released. By June 1, 2027, AI literacy must be in K-12 computer science and workforce standards. An AI Education Collaborative reports by December 1, 2027 and ends May 31, 2028. Approved May 26, 2026 (Chapter 634); effective June 1, 2026.
Enacts the "New York artificial intelligence consumer protection act", in relation to preventing the use of artificial intelligence algorithms to discriminate against protected classes.
New York's A 768, the "New York artificial intelligence consumer protection act," would add General Business Law Article 45-A. Beginning January 1, 2027, developers and deployers of high-risk AI decision systems used in consequential decisions (education, employment, lending, government services, health care, housing, insurance, legal services) would have to use reasonable care against algorithmic discrimination, with documentation, impact assessments, consumer notices and appeal rights. Only the Attorney General would enforce it. Referred to Consumer Affairs and Protection January 7, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
Artificial Intelligence Bill of Rights
Not law: passed the Senate but died in the House when the session ended. Florida's CS/SB 482 (2026), the "Artificial Intelligence Bill of Rights," would have required parental consent and controls for minors on companion chatbot platforms, an hourly not-human notice from bot operators, deidentified data for any sale of user data by AI companies, consent for generative-AI likenesses, and rules for AI tools in schools. The Senate passed it 35-2 on March 4, 2026; it died in House Messages on March 13, 2026.
Relating To Artificial Intelligence.
Hawaii's Senate Bill 2923 (2026), the Hawaii Artificial Intelligence Safety and Regulation Act, would have created an Office of Artificial Intelligence Safety and Regulation attached to the Department of Commerce and Consumer Affairs for administrative purposes and barred anyone from deploying AI products in the State without first submitting affirmative proof of safety. The office would have applied a precautionary principle, and violators would have faced civil fines (amount left blank) in actions by the Attorney General or the Office of Consumer Protection. It was referred to committees January 30, 2026 and not enacted.
Relating To Artificial Intelligence.
Hawaii's SB 1622 SD 1 (2025) would have established the Aloha Intelligence Institute under the University of Hawaii's Office of the Vice President for Research and Innovation to facilitate AI research, training and partnerships and develop ethical guidelines and policies for AI use in the State, with general fund appropriations for FY 2025-2026 and 2026-2027 whose amounts were left blank. It passed the Senate 25-0 on March 4, 2025 and was referred to the House HED, ECD and FIN committees March 6, 2025; it was carried over to 2026 on December 8, 2025 and was not enacted.
American Artificial Intelligence Leadership and Uniformity Act
The American Artificial Intelligence Leadership and Uniformity Act (H.R. 5388) would require the President to submit a National AI Action Plan within 30 days of enactment and would bar states from enforcing laws that limit or regulate AI models, AI systems or automated decision systems in interstate commerce for 5 years, with exceptions. Introduced September 16, 2025 and referred to the Science, Space, and Technology Committee and eleven others; it was referred to a subcommittee on December 19, 2025 and has not passed either house.
TAME Extreme Weather and Wildfires Act Transformational Artificial intelligence to Modernize the Economy against Extreme Weather and Wildfires Act
The federal H.R. 2770 (TAME Extreme Weather and Wildfires Act) would direct NOAA's Under Secretary to build weather forecasting training datasets within 2 years of enactment, develop an AI-based fire environment modeling program within 1 year, and assess non-Federal AI weather models. The Under Secretary may develop a global AI weather model. Introduced April 9, 2025 and referred to the House Science, Space, and Technology Committee; no further action.
AI for Main Street Act
The federal H.R. 5764 (AI for Main Street Act) would add a new duty to the Small Business Act's list of small business development center services: assisting small business concerns in evaluating artificial intelligence concerning operations, including by providing information, guidance and training on AI and conducting outreach to the extent practical. The House passed it 395-14 on January 20, 2026; received in the Senate January 26, 2026 and referred to the Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship.
Relating to the artificial intelligence division within the Department of Information Resources.
Texas's HB 2818 requires the Department of Information Resources (DIR) to establish an artificial intelligence division. The division must help state agencies and other entities that use DIR's services implement generative AI for projects to modernize or replace legacy systems and other projects DIR finds appropriate, using DIR's own generative AI or contracting with a vendor, whose generative AI must then complete a majority of the project work. For each completed project, the division must prepare a cost analysis report on the time, money and resources saved compared with traditional systems. Signed June 20, 2025; effective September 1, 2025.
NSF AI Education Act of 2026
The federal S. 3957 (NSF AI Education Act of 2026) would direct the National Science Foundation, subject to available funding, to award AI-related undergraduate and graduate scholarships and fellowships, designate at least 5 community college and vocational school Centers of AI Excellence, publish K-12 AI guidance within 2 years, and develop an AI workforce framework with NIST. Introduced March 2, 2026 and referred to the Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee; no further action.
Artificial intelligence; establishing certain rights; prohibiting certain actions by certain entities; requiring certain actions by certain entities. Effective date.
Oklahoma's SB 2085 (2026), as introduced, would, per the official bill summary, have barred the state from accepting bids from or renewing contracts with AI technology providers that do not attest they are not foreign-owned or foreign-adversary controlled, required AI companies to de-identify user data before selling it, restricted commercial use of a person's generative-AI likeness without consent, and set parental-consent rules for companion chatbots and minors. It was referred to a Senate committee February 3, 2026 and died when the session ended May 14, 2026.
Small Business Artificial Intelligence Advancement Act
The federal H.R. 3679 (Small Business Artificial Intelligence Advancement Act) would require, subject to appropriations, the NIST Director to develop or identify and disseminate AI resources for small businesses, such as standards, best practices and case studies, working with the Small Business Administration. Use of the resources would be voluntary. Passed the House by voice vote February 23, 2026 and referred to the Senate Commerce Committee February 24; it has not passed the Senate.
Artificial intelligence; statewide education program
Died in the Senate. The 'Getting Arizona Ready for AI Act' would have created a voluntary Arizona Artificial Intelligence Education Program in the Department of Education: a summer course open to any resident, teaching digital hygiene (algorithmic bias, data privacy, spotting AI-generated misinformation) and practical AI skills for small businesses. Public schools, universities and community colleges could have awarded credit for it. It passed the House but was held in the Senate and died when the Legislature adjourned on June 13, 2026.
Prohibits public contracts with entities owned or controlled by foreign adversaries for the provision of artificial intelligence technology (OR NO IMPACT See Note)
Louisiana's HB1184 would have barred public bodies from executing, entering into or extending, starting July 1, 2027, contracts that procure artificial intelligence technology, software or products unless the vendor signs an affidavit that it is not owned or controlled by, organized in, or based in China, Russia, Iran, North Korea or Cuba. It would have covered higher education, school materials, the legislature, public bid contracts and state procurement. It was referred to House Appropriations April 1, 2026 and died.
Workforce of the Future Act of 2025
The federal H.R. 6621 (Workforce of the Future Act of 2025) would require the Secretaries of Labor, Commerce and Education to report jointly on AI's impact on jobs, authorize Education Department grants to expand emerging and advanced technology education (including AI), with $160,000,000 for fiscal year 2026, and authorize Labor Department grants to train workers in industries most impacted by AI, with $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2026. Introduced December 11, 2025 and referred to the House Education and Workforce Committee and, in addition, Science, Space, and Technology; no further action.
Artificial intelligence; use of systems for student instruction.
Virginia's SB 394 adds Code § 22.1-20.2:1. The Department of Education, consulting school divisions and stakeholders, must compile how public schools use AI for instruction and post guidance for its safe, ethical and equitable use. The guidance covers student data privacy (FERPA, COPPA), teacher training, transparency, data agreements that bar using student or division data to train outside AI models, and bias, and must ensure approved AI uses give teachers access to transcripts of students' AI interactions. School boards must adopt policies following it. If funded, the Department runs an AI pilot program; that authority expires July 1, 2030. Identical to HB 1186; effective July 1, 2026.
Artificial Intelligence Public Awareness and Education Campaign Act
The federal H.R. 7151 (Artificial Intelligence Public Awareness and Education Campaign Act) would require the Secretary of Commerce, within 180 days after enactment, to establish a public awareness, education and AI consumer literacy campaign on how prevalent AI is in daily life. The campaign would cover best practices for detecting the provenance of digital media (including deepfakes and chatbot content) and outreach to people especially susceptible to AI-enabled fraud, such as seniors. It would end 5 years after enactment, with no additional funds authorized. Introduced January 20, 2026 and referred to the House Energy and Commerce Committee; no further action.
Employment decisions; automated decision systems, civil penalty.
Virginia's HB 1514 (2026 Regular Session) would have regulated automated decision systems used in employment decisions. State agencies using one as a substantial factor would have had to ensure legal compliance, disclose its use, offer an opt-out, test it annually and train staff, and no employer could make a final employment decision without a human decision maker. It failed: left in House Appropriations Committee on February 18, 2026.
Disclosure of Intimate Images
South Carolina's H. 3058 (Act No. 37 of 2025) creates the crime of unauthorized disclosure of intimate images (S.C. Code §§ 16-15-330, 16-15-332), covering real images and "digitally forged intimate images" made or substantially modified with machine learning or other computer means, even if labeled as fake. Intentionally sharing one without the person's effective consent is a felony if meant to cause harm or for profit (first offense up to $5,000 and/or 5 years; later offenses up to $10,000 and/or 1 to 10 years) and otherwise a misdemeanor for a first offense. Signed May 12, 2025; effective on approval.
Law-enforcement agencies; use of certain technologies & interrogation practices; forensic lab.
Virginia's HB 1257 (2026 Regular Session) would direct the Department of Criminal Justice Services to set a framework for law-enforcement use of generative AI, machine learning systems and audiovisual surveillance technologies and for interrogations, with model policies and training. Continued to 2027 in committee on February 2, 2026.
Local agencies: automated decision systems.
California's SB 430 (2025-26 Regular Session) would have restricted how local agencies use an automated decision system to confer supportive services, permits or licenses. An output could not be the sole basis for an adverse eligibility or benefit determination, except as specified, and the agency would have had to verify accuracy and promote nondiscrimination. The bill was returned to the Secretary of the Senate under Joint Rule 56 on February 2, 2026 and did not pass.
Artificial intelligence: auditors: registration.
California's AB 1405 creates a state registry for AI auditors. By January 1, 2029, the Government Operations Agency must launch an online AI Auditor Registry, set annual fees and open a channel for reporting auditor misconduct. Beginning January 1, 2029, no one may offer, sell or conduct a covered AI audit (an audit of an AI system's or model's controls, processes or systems needed to comply with state law) without registering. Registered auditors must disclose their standards, meet independence rules, give auditees signed reports, keep records at least 10 years and show their registration number in ads. Signed September 9, 2026 (Chapter 178); effective January 1, 2027.
To establish a commission to investigate AI in education
Not law. S 429 would have created a commission in the Massachusetts Executive Office of Education to study AI in schools and recommend regulations, limits, standards and safeguards. It would have surveyed how public and private school systems use generative AI and automated decision systems (for grading, scheduling, lesson planning and budgeting), examined bias, transparency, data protection, plagiarism and a possible watermark requirement, and produced guidelines for ethical use. On December 4, 2025 it was sent to a study order (S 2792), ending it for the 2025-2026 session.
Relates to the disclosure of automated employment decision-making tools; requires the office of information technology services to maintain an artificial intelligence inventory; provides that the use of artificial intelligence systems shall not affect the existing rights of employees pursuant to an…
New York's S 822 (Chapter 96 of 2025) is the chapter amendment to the LOADinG Act (Chapter 674 of 2024). It dropped that act's human-review and impact-assessment rules for state agency automated decision-making. Instead, each state agency using automated employment decision-making tools must post a list of them on its website by December 30, 2025 and yearly; the Office of Information Technology Services must keep an inventory of state agency AI systems that may directly impact the public, posted on the state's open data site each December 30; and, until July 1, 2028, AI use may not displace state employees or impair collective bargaining. Signed February 14, 2025; effective July 1, 2025.
Artificial Intelligence-Ready Data Act
The federal S. 4098 (Artificial Intelligence-Ready Data Act) would have NIST develop standards to make open Government data assets AI-ready, publish them within 1 year after enactment, and have the President require each federal agency to adopt them. It would also have NOAA make its data assets support AI and machine learning in operational forecasting. Introduced March 16, 2026 and referred to the Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee; no further action.
AI for Consumer Product Safety Act Digital Taxonomy Act Blockchain Innovation Act
The federal H.R. 1770 (Consumer Safety Technology Act, which includes the AI for Consumer Product Safety Act, Blockchain Innovation Act and Digital Taxonomy Act) would require the Consumer Product Safety Commission to set up a pilot program on using AI within one year after enactment, the Secretary of Commerce to study blockchain for consumer protection, and the FTC to report on token-related deceptive practices. The House passed it 336-36 on July 14, 2025; referred to the Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee July 15, 2025.
State government; require state agencies to provide a notice to employees when using artificial intelligence in personnel matters
Georgia's HB 1351 would add Code section 50-1-15 requiring a governmental agency that uses AI, or contracts with a third party to use it, in hiring to state in the job description that AI may be used to evaluate applications. If AI is used to evaluate an employee's performance in a way that leads to termination, the agency would have to provide a disclaimer documenting all decision pathways, including human review. The bill reached House Second Readers on February 19, 2026 and died when the session ended.
Relating To Artificial Intelligence.
Hawaii's SB 2585 (2026) would have required the Department of Health, with other agencies, to establish an AI-enhanced online clearinghouse of evidence-based treatment and prevention programs, use AI to classify programs by evidence level and cultural responsiveness, and have any AI model regularly audited for transparency, fairness and bias mitigation. The appropriation amount was blank. It was referred to committees January 28, 2026 and died.
Relating to the creation of the artificial intelligence advisory council and the establishment of the artificial intelligence learning laboratory.
Texas HB 3808 (2025), as introduced, would have added Subchapter S to Government Code Chapter 2054 to create a seven-member Artificial Intelligence Advisory Council to study and monitor state agency AI systems, and an AI learning laboratory. Executive and legislative agencies would have had to submit an inventory of their automated decision systems by July 1, 2026. The council would be abolished September 1, 2029. It died when the regular session adjourned June 2, 2025.
State Emergency Medical Services Board - Public Access Automated External Defibrillator Program - Revisions
HB276 revises the Public Access Automated External Defibrillator Program by establishing AED coordinator requirements, repealing regional council AED committees, and exempting AEDs in certain law enforcement patrol vehicles. It also sets certification qualifications for grocery stores and restaurants.
Requesting The Hawaii Civil Rights Commission To Examine The Applicability Of Existing State Anti-discrimination Laws To Algorithmic And Automated Decision Systems.
Hawaii's House Resolution 182 (2026) asks the Hawaiʻi Civil Rights Commission to examine how existing state anti-discrimination laws apply to algorithmic and automated decision systems, including AI tools used in employment screening, tenant selection, credit and public benefits decisions: whether current law gives enough authority to investigate and remedy such discrimination, jurisdictional and evidentiary hurdles, whether guidance or rulemaking would help, a possible complaint pathway, and any legislation needed. Report due 20 days before the 2027 session. Adopted by the House April 9, 2026; a resolution of one chamber does not change the law.
Artificial Intelligence Civil Rights Act of 2025
The AI Civil Rights Act would bar companies from developing or using AI-driven 'covered algorithms' in decisions about jobs, education, housing, utilities, health care, credit, insurance, criminal justice, elections, government benefits or public accommodations in a way that causes a disparate impact or otherwise discriminates based on a protected characteristic. Where harm is plausible, an independent auditor must evaluate the algorithm before deployment, and deployers must assess impacts every year, with summaries made public. The FTC would set rules for human alternatives and appeals. Enforced by the FTC, state attorneys general and private lawsuits. Introduced December 2, 2025.
Facial Recognition Act of 2025
The federal H.R. 4695 (Facial Recognition Act of 2025) would let officers use facial recognition with a reference photo database only under a court order lasting no more than 7 days, or narrow emergency exceptions. It would ban face surveillance and use for immigration enforcement, bar a match as the sole basis for probable cause, require NIST accuracy testing and audits, exclude evidence from violations and allow suits for the greater of profits or $50,000 per violation. Introduced July 23, 2025 and referred to the House Judiciary and Science, Space, and Technology committees; no further action.
Law Enforcement - Use of Facial Recognition Technology - Images Captured in Dwelling Interior
Maryland's HB 756 (2026, first reader text) would have added an exception to Criminal Procedure section 2-503 letting law enforcement use facial recognition technology on still or video images captured by a camera inside a dwelling to investigate arson, burglary and trespass offenses. It had a House Judiciary hearing set for February 24, 2026 and died when the 2026 session ended.
To prohibit the Federal Government from using facial recognition technology as a means of identity verification, and for other purposes.
The federal H.R. 3782 would provide that an agency of the Federal Government "may not use facial recognition technology as a means of identity verification." It defines the technology as a contemporary security system that automatically identifies and verifies the identity of an individual from a digital image or video frame. The one-section text has no exceptions, penalties or effective date. Introduced June 5, 2025 and referred to the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee; no further action.
Acquisition and use of facial recognition technology by government entities prohibited.
Minnesota's HF 3146 would have barred state and local government entities, law enforcement agencies and officials from obtaining, retaining, accessing or using face surveillance systems or their information, or contracting with private entities to do so. Evidence from violations would have been inadmissible, and people could sue for damages of at least $1,000 or $100 per violation, whichever is greater, plus injunctions. Introduced April 7, 2025 and referred to Public Safety Finance and Policy and it never left committee.
Fourth Amendment Restoration Act
West Virginia's HB 4682, the Fourth Amendment Restoration Act (2026 regular session), would have barred law enforcement officers, and anyone acting for law enforcement purposes, from using seven listed technologies, including facial recognition, license plate readers and surveillance drones, unless a warrant based on probable cause authorizes use against a specific person. Knowing and willful use would be a felony. It was sent to House Judiciary on January 21, 2026 and died when the session ended March 14, 2026.
AI PLAN Act Artificial Intelligence Practices, Logistics, Actions, and Necessities Act
The federal H.R. 2152 (AI PLAN Act), as reported, would require the Treasury, Homeland Security and Commerce Secretaries to report to Congress, within 180 days of enactment and annually, on defending against adversaries' use of AI in financial crimes, then give legislative recommendations and business best practices. Ordered reported as amended 52-0 May 13, 2026; reported and placed on the Union Calendar June 24, 2026; it has not passed the House.
Protect Elections from Deceptive AI Act
The federal H.R. 5272 (Protect Elections from Deceptive AI Act) would add Section 325 to the Federal Election Campaign Act, barring any person, committee or entity from knowingly distributing materially deceptive AI-generated audio or visual media of a federal candidate, or in carrying out federal election activity, with intent to influence an election or solicit funds. Candidates could sue. Referred to the House Administration Committee September 10, 2025; it has not passed either chamber.
Liquid Cooling for AI Act of 2025
The federal S. 3269 (Liquid Cooling for AI Act of 2025) would direct the Comptroller General to begin a review of liquid cooling for AI and high-performance computing data centers within 30 days after enactment and report within 90 days, with a Department of Energy assessment of that report due 180 days after it is received. Introduced November 20, 2025 and referred to the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee, whose Energy Subcommittee held a hearing April 15, 2026; no further action.
Liquid Cooling for AI Act of 2025
The federal H.R. 5332 (Liquid Cooling for AI Act of 2025) would require the Comptroller General to start a review within 30 days after enactment of liquid cooling in data centers, including for high-performance computing and AI, and report within 90 days to the Energy Secretary and congressional committees. The Energy Secretary would then have 180 days after receiving the report to submit an assessment with recommendations for liquid-cooling and heat-reuse R&D. Introduced September 11, 2025 and referred to the House Energy and Commerce and Science, Space, and Technology committees; no further action.
A resolution affirming the critical importance of preserving the United States' advantage in artificial intelligence and ensuring that the United States achieves and maintains artificial intelligence dominance.
The federal S.Res. 490 is a simple Senate resolution that would not change the law. It would affirm that preserving U.S. primacy in AI is a national imperative, commend the White House AI Action Plan, applaud efforts to deny the Chinese government advanced chips and chipmaking equipment, and call on the U.S. government to ensure U.S. companies keep priority access to cutting-edge AI chips. Introduced November 6, 2025 and referred to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee; no further action.
Consumer Protection and Product Liability - Chatbots
Maryland's SB 827 (2026, first reader text, cross-filed with HB 1250) would have regulated operators and developers of generative AI chatbots made available to Maryland users: affirmative consent for training on input data, a ban on using chat logs for advertising, a 10-year cap on chat log retention, protections for users under 13, hourly not-human warnings, monthly safety testing, and product liability with possible strict liability. It had a Senate Finance hearing set for March 12, 2026 and died when the 2026 session ended.
Rural health care; Alabama Health Command established to designate an AI-assisted health platform in rural communities
Alabama's SB 97 would create the Alabama Health Command, an independent agency under a director appointed by the Governor, to designate an Alabama-headquartered business to develop a uniform virtual AI-assisted health platform for rural communities. The platform would give consumers health management services such as education, scheduling and navigation to rural providers, without diagnosis or treatment. Rural providers that contract to use it would be exempt from competitive bid laws. Referred to Senate Healthcare on January 13, 2026; the bill died when the 2026 regular session ended without final passage.
Custodial interrogations; false statements to a child prohibited, inauthentic replica documents.
Virginia's HB 2692 amends Code § 16.1-247.1 to bar law-enforcement officers from knowingly and intentionally making false statements about known material facts, including by using inauthentic replica documents, before or during a custodial interrogation of a child to secure the child's cooperation, confession or conviction. Inauthentic replica documents include computer-generated documents created by any means, including AI. If an officer knowingly violates the rule, the child's statements are inadmissible in a delinquency or criminal proceeding against the child unless the prosecution proves they were made knowingly, intelligently and voluntarily. Chapter 669; effective July 1, 2025.
Artificial intelligence-based tool; definition, use of tool.
Virginia's HB 1642 (Code § 19.2-11.14) requires that decisions on pretrial detention or release, prosecution, adjudication, sentencing, probation, parole, correctional supervision and rehabilitation of criminal offenders be made by the judicial officer or other person charged with them, with a human decision-maker involved in every such decision. Recommendations or predictions from an AI-based tool, defined as any machine-based system or algorithm that analyzes data to generate recommendations or predictions, are subject to any challenge or objection the law allows. Enacted as Chapter 637; effective July 1, 2025.
Synthetic digital content; definition, penalty, report, effective clause.
Virginia's HB 2124 (2025) would treat AI-made synthetic digital content that realistically but falsely depicts a person as "words" under the insulting-words, defamation-mitigation and criminal slander laws, and make using it for the purpose of a fraud crime a separate Class 1 misdemeanor, with a civil claim for the person depicted. Those changes needed reenactment by the 2026 General Assembly, which did not reenact them, so they are not in the Code of Virginia. The act also had the Attorney General convene a work group, which reported in January 2026. Approved March 24, 2025 (Chapter 398); identical to SB 1053.
Synthetic digital content; definition, penalty, report, effective clause.
Virginia's SB 1053 (2025) would treat AI-made synthetic digital content that realistically but falsely depicts a person as "words" under the insulting-words, defamation-mitigation and criminal slander laws, and make using it for the purpose of a fraud crime a separate Class 1 misdemeanor, with a civil claim for the person depicted. Those changes needed reenactment by the 2026 General Assembly, which did not reenact them, so they are not in the Code of Virginia. The act also had the Attorney General convene a work group, which reported in January 2026. Approved March 24, 2025 (Chapter 407); identical to HB 2124.
AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 49, relative to artificial intelligence.
Tennessee's SB 677 (Public Chapter 1056) requires the Department of Education to provide at least one professional development course with asynchronous instruction on using artificial intelligence in the classroom, free to teachers in grades 6-12 and usable for professional development points, with content created by an entity experienced in a field such as computer science or STEM. Teachers in grades 6-12 must complete at least one department-approved AI course by August 1, 2028, or within two years of becoming licensed in Tennessee, whichever is later. Signed May 22, 2026 (Public Chapter 1056); effective on signing.
State management: other; artificial intelligence pilot program; establish for state departments and agencies. Creates new act.
Michigan's HB 5899 (2026), by Rep. Jaime Greene, would create the Artificial Intelligence Pilot Program Act. The Department of Technology, Management, and Budget (DTMB) would run a pilot, beginning no later than January 1, 2027, letting approved state employees, agencies and departments use generative AI, guided by a three-member AI governing board appointed by the governor. Introduced April 23, 2026; the Communications and Technology Committee reported it for referral to the Rules Committee May 19, 2026. It has not passed either chamber.
VEH CD-ALPR-RECORD RETENTION
Illinois's SB 3257 (104th General Assembly) would amend Section 2-130 of the Illinois Vehicle Code on automated license plate readers (ALPRs), redefining an ALPR as a camera or system using computer algorithms to convert plate images into searchable data. Law enforcement could retain detection records for 5 years, with archiving after 90 days. Last action: re-referred to Assignments May 22, 2026.
AI WORK TRANSITION COMMISSION
Illinois's HB 5760 (104th General Assembly) would create the Commission on Artificial Intelligence and Workforce Transition Act. The Commission would direct State agencies to assess the actual and projected impact of generative and frontier AI systems on Illinois industries, occupations, regions and workers, and make recommendations on State and federal workforce, education, apprenticeship, unemployment insurance and income support programs. The Act would be repealed January 1, 2034. Last action: referred to the House Rules Committee May 5, 2026.
23 Asilomar AI Principles.
California's Assembly Concurrent Resolution 215 expresses the Legislature's support for the 23 Asilomar AI Principles as guiding values for the development of artificial intelligence and of related public policy. The principles, drafted at a January 2017 meeting of AI researchers and others in Asilomar, California, cover research issues, ethics and values (such as safety, failure transparency, personal privacy and human control) and longer-term issues (such as catastrophic risks and recursive self-improvement). Adopted by the Assembly June 25, 2018 and the Senate August 30, 2018; filed September 7, 2018 (Res. Chapter 206). A concurrent resolution does not change the law.
Artificial Intelligence Systems
Not law. Colorado's HB 25B-1009, introduced in the August 2025 extraordinary session, would have amended the Colorado AI Act (SB 24-205). It would have narrowed 'consequential decision' to employment and public safety decisions, delayed the effective date from February 1, 2026 to August 1, 2027, and exempted businesses with fewer than 250 employees or under $5 million in annual revenue and local governments with fewer than 100,000 residents. The House Business Affairs & Labor Committee postponed it indefinitely 8-4 on August 21, 2025.
An Act Prohibiting The Disclosure Of The Residential Address Of Public School Employees Under The Freedom Of Information Act And Establishing A Task Force Concerning Mass Requests Under The Act.
Connecticut's SB 325 (2026), in the committee substitute text (File No. 292), would add school employees to the list of public employees whose residential addresses a public agency may not disclose from personnel, medical or similar files under the Freedom of Information Act (effective October 1, 2026), and would establish a task force to study individuals using artificial intelligence to develop mass FOIA requests. It passed the Senate on April 22, 2026, and died when the 2026 session ended May 6, 2026.
Artificial Intelligence Bill of Rights
Florida's SB 2-D (2026 special session D), the Artificial Intelligence Bill of Rights, would have required companion chatbot platforms to get parental consent before a minor holds an account, required bots to tell users hourly that they are not talking to a human, barred AI companies from selling users' personal information unless deidentified, restricted AI tools in schools, and required AI vendors to government to attest they are not owned, controlled or based in a foreign country of concern. It passed the Senate 37-1 on April 28, 2026, was referred in the House to the Information Technology Budget & Policy Subcommittee, and died there on April 29, 2026. It did not become law.
Use of Artificial Intelligence by State Agencies
Not law: died in committee. Florida's SB 146 would have required the Florida Digital Service to conduct a study of the impact of state agencies procuring, implementing or operating AI-powered technology, including a list of agencies that use AI, the purposes of each agency's use and the cost to procure, implement and operate it. A written report would have been due to the Governor, Senate President and House Speaker by March 1, 2027. It died in Governmental Oversight and Accountability on March 13, 2026.
AN ACT relating to protection of information and declaring an emergency.
Kentucky's SB 4 (2025) governs state government's use of AI. The Commonwealth Office of Technology must create an Artificial Intelligence Governance Committee, set standards for agencies' use of generative and high-risk AI, keep a registry of those systems and report yearly. Agencies must disclose AI use to the public, explain AI-driven decisions and offer appeals of consequential decisions. A candidate whose appearance, action or speech is altered with synthetic media in an electioneering communication may sue the sponsor to require a clear disclosure. Signed March 24, 2025 (Acts Ch. 66); emergency act, effective on signing.
Child Exploitation Material - Civil and Criminal Actions (Safe Kids Act)
Maryland's SB 989 (2026, the Safe Kids Act, cross-filed with HB 924) would have let a parent or guardian sue an online platform that knowingly and intentionally distributes, or creates or develops, unlawful child exploitation material, and would have amended Criminal Law section 11-208 so a computer-generated image includes one created through the use of artificial intelligence software. The history shows only first reading in Senate Rules on February 18, 2026, and the bill died when the 2026 session ended.
AN ACT relating to campaign practices; requiring certain communications relating to an election that include synthetic media to contain a disclosure; and providing other matters properly relating thereto.
Nevada AB 73 adds NRS 294A.3493. A campaign communication paid for by a person, candidate or committee that supports or opposes a candidate or party and includes synthetic media (an image, audio or video of a person intentionally manipulated with AI, generative AI or GAN techniques so it looks real but gives a fundamentally different impression) must clearly state "This (image/video/audio) has been manipulated." Video must show it throughout; audio must say it at the start, end and every 2 minutes. A depicted candidate can sue for an injunction. Broadcasters, platforms and satire/parody are exempt. Effective Jan. 1, 2026.
Restricts use of certain artificial intelligence generated communications in election campaigns.
New Jersey's S3702 would restrict AI-generated election campaign communications. Communications created or altered with AI could not be published within 90 days before an election, must carry the label 'Artificial intelligence was used in creating this message', and could not contain AI deceptive media portraying an opposing candidate as demonstrably false, fraudulent or defamatory. A violation would be a fourth-degree crime. Introduced February 24, 2026.
Relating to the creation of the artificial intelligence advisory council.
Texas HB 2060 (2023) created a seven-member Artificial Intelligence Advisory Council, co-chaired by a House and a Senate member, to study AI systems used by state agencies, assess the need for a state AI code of ethics and review agency inventory reports, with a report to the legislature due December 1, 2024. Every executive and legislative branch agency had to file an inventory of its automated decision systems by July 1, 2024. The council was abolished and the subchapter expired January 1, 2025; later laws (HB 2818, SB 1964) govern state agency AI now.
Law Enforcement Usage of Artificial Intelligence
Utah SB 180 (2025) requires each law enforcement agency to have a policy on employees' use of generative AI, covering approved tools, permitted tasks, review of AI output and discipline for violations. A police report or other law enforcement record created wholly or partly with generative AI must carry a disclaimer that it contains AI-generated content, and the author must certify that they read and reviewed it for accuracy. The act defines artificial intelligence and generative AI. Effective May 7, 2025.
An act relating to use of facial recognition technology by law enforcement in cases involving sexual exploitation of children
Vermont's H.195 (Act 17 of 2021) makes a narrow exception to the 2020 moratorium on police facial recognition (Act 166 of 2020, Sec. 14). Law enforcement may use facial recognition technology during a criminal investigation into sexual exploitation of children under 13 V.S.A. chapter 64, but only to search for images, including video, of a victim, potential victim or identified suspect within electronic media legally seized in that investigation. The act took effect on passage; the Governor signed it May 4, 2021.
Artificial intelligence by public bodies; Joint Commission on Technology and Science to analyze use.
Virginia SB 487 (2024) directs the Joint Commission on Technology and Science, with stakeholders, to analyze the use of artificial intelligence by public bodies and whether to create a Commission on Artificial Intelligence. The analysis covers policies for procuring, implementing and continually assessing AI systems, preventing unlawful discrimination and disparate impact, requiring impact assessments, and the possible commission's makeup and duties, with a report to the money and technology committees by December 1, 2024. It incorporates SB 621. Effective July 1, 2024.
Relating to the West Virginia Task Force on Artificial Intelligence
West Virginia's HB 3187 (2025) amends Code §5A-6-9, the 2024 law (HB 5690) that created the West Virginia Task Force on Artificial Intelligence. It adds identifying AI-related economic opportunities the state may support or promote to the task force's duties, replaces the one-time July 1, 2025 report with an annual electronic report by July 1 to the House, Senate and Governor, presented to the Joint Committee on Government and Finance, and sets the task force to terminate July 1, 2027. Membership and other duties are unchanged. Approved April 25, 2025 (Chapter 38); effective July 9, 2025.
Creating a West Virginia Task Force on Artificial Intelligence
West Virginia's HB 5690 (2024) adds Code §5A-6-9, creating the West Virginia Task Force on Artificial Intelligence in the Office of the Governor, with state officials, non-voting legislators and Governor-appointed industry members. It was to recommend an AI definition and legislation protecting rights and consumer data, develop best practices for public-sector AI, recommend model school policies, assess AI's workforce effects, inventory state agencies' AI use, and report by July 1, 2025. HB 3187 (2025) later required annual reports and set its end at July 1, 2027. Approved March 27, 2024 (Chapter 43); effective June 2, 2024.
AI for Mainstreet Act
The federal S. 3586 (AI for Mainstreet Act) would amend section 21(c)(3) of the Small Business Act to add to the functions of small business development centers assisting small business concerns in evaluating artificial intelligence concerning operations, including information, guidance and training on AI best practices and on incorporating AI into operations, plus outreach to the extent practical. No additional amounts would be authorized. Introduced January 7, 2026 and referred to the Senate Small Business and Entrepreneurship Committee; no further action.
Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives that the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services should halt the pilot program and should not jeopardize seniors' access to critical health care by utilizing artificial intelligence to determine Medicare coverage.
The federal H.Res. 694 is a simple House resolution that would express the sense of the House that the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services "should not utilize artificial intelligence to determine whether patients' procedures will be covered by Medicare." It recites CMS's June 27, 2025 announcement of a pilot using for-profit contractors and "enhanced technologies" such as AI. It would not change the law or bind CMS. Introduced September 10, 2025 and referred to the House Ways and Means and Energy and Commerce committees; no further action.
Identifying Outputs of Generative Adversarial Networks Act (IOGAN Act)
The IOGAN Act directs the National Science Foundation to support research on manipulated or synthesized content and information authenticity, including digital forensic tools, watermarking of generated media, and public awareness of deepfakes (sec. 3). It directs NIST to support measurement and standards research to speed development of tools that examine the outputs of generative adversarial networks (sec. 4). NSF and NIST must jointly report to Congress within one year on the feasibility of public-private partnerships to detect manipulated or synthesized content (sec. 5). Section 6 defines generative adversarial network.
William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Division E: National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020)
Division E of the FY2021 NDAA is the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020. It sets up a National AI Initiative to sustain U.S. leadership in AI research and promote trustworthy AI (sec. 5101), and creates a National AI Initiative Office at OSTP, an interagency committee, a National AI Advisory Committee and a National AI Research Resource Task Force (secs. 5102-5106). It authorizes National AI Research Institutes (sec. 5201) and gives AI duties to NIST (including a voluntary AI risk management framework), NOAA, NSF and the Department of Energy (secs. 5301-5501). The rest of the NDAA is outside this entry.
Requires policing agencies to conduct an inventory of, and develop a publicly-available policy for, any artificial intelligence used to aid criminal investigations.
New York's S 10425 would add Executive Law § 837-ww requiring policing agencies to publish a disclosure for any "covered AI" used to aid criminal investigations, including generative AI used to write police reports, at least 90 days before using a new product. Agencies would have to disclose AI use in filed reports, keep audit trails, and adopt an Attorney General model policy. Referred to Codes May 15, 2026; it has not passed either chamber.
State-by-State Regulation of Government Use of AI
Artificial intelligence regulation is advancing at the state level. This page lists the 914 published bills we track on Government Use of AI. State attorneys general, privacy regulators, and legislatures are developing a patchwork of laws that impose different obligations on businesses deploying AI systems related to this topic. Compliance teams and legal counsel must track both enacted laws and the pipeline of pending bills that could shift requirements at any time.
Obligations differ from bill to bill. Depending on the law, they can include consumer disclosure obligations, prohibition on specific high-risk uses, mandatory algorithmic impact assessments, bias audits, rights to explanation, and human override requirements. Penalties for non-compliance vary by state — use our Penalty Tracker to review enforcement provisions. For upcoming effective dates, see the Deadlines page.
To understand how Government Use of AI laws intersect with specific industries, browse our Healthcare, Employment, Insurance, and Financial Services industry trackers. Compare how different state laws approach this topic using our Bill Comparator.