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ND HB1361: AN ACT to amend and reenact subsection 8 of section 1-01-49 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to the definition of person; and to declare an…

Enacted North Dakota · 2023 session

Last verified Oct 12, 2026 · official bill text

HB1361 · where it stands

4 of 5 steps complete
  1. Introduced Complete
  2. Passed first chamber Complete
  3. Passed both chambers Complete
  4. Enacted Complete
  5. Effective Date not recorded
What do these statuses mean?
Introduced
Filed in the legislature; may be waiting for a committee hearing.
Passed a chamber
Approved by one or both chambers; awaiting further action.
Enacted
Signed into law, or became law without a signature or over a veto.
Effective date
The date the law says it takes effect. Once it has passed, the page shows "Effective" and the date. A court order can still block a law; if we know of one, the summary says so.
Dead / vetoed
Vetoed, failed, or the session ended without action.
View full title

AN ACT to amend and reenact subsection 8 of section 1-01-49 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to the definition of person; and to declare an emergency.

In one paragraph

North Dakota's HB 1361 (2023) amends the general definition of 'person' in N.D.C.C. 1-01-49, which applies throughout the Century Code. A person means an individual, organization, government, political subdivision, or government agency or instrumentality, and the term does not include artificial intelligence, environmental elements, an animal or an inanimate object. AI therefore cannot be treated as a legal person under North Dakota law. The act was declared an emergency measure.

Plain-English summary, written with AI assistance. The official text controls.

What it means for business

AI systems cannot hold rights or be parties as legal persons in North Dakota; liability stays with the people and companies behind them.

Key provisions

  1. N.D.C.C. 1-01-49(8): 'person' means an individual, organization, government, political subdivision, or government agency or instrumentality
  2. The term 'person' does not include artificial intelligence, environmental elements, an animal, or an inanimate object
  3. Section 1-01-49 supplies the definitions used throughout the North Dakota Century Code unless a statute says otherwise
  4. Section 2 declares the act an emergency measure

Latest legislative action

Apr 11, 2023. Signed by Governor 04/11; filed with Secretary of State 04/12

Topics and industries

Related topics

AI Liability

Affected industries

Technology

This page is general information, not legal advice. Summaries are AI-assisted and may contain errors; read the statute for the controlling text and talk to a lawyer about your situation. Full disclaimer · Report an error

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