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Washington · AI compliance plan

What Washington’s AI laws require of you.

Washington has 13 enacted AI laws in our records. We have mapped 11 of them duty by duty: 44 duties in all, each with who it falls on, when it starts and the section of law it comes from. The next one starts January 1, 2027.

Read from official legal texts by AI Laws by State Last checked November 15, 2026 How we verify Information, not legal advice
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The plan at a glance

44duties from 11 laws
11start in the next 90 days; the next on January 1, 2027
3laws let people sue over a violation
0laws give a set number of days to fix a violation before enforcement
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Already in effect 30 duties

These duties are in force today.

StartsLawWhoWhat it requiresHow oftenSource
September 1, 2019 Washington personal delivery device law (ESHB 1325) Eligible entity Submit a self-certification form to the Department of Licensing before operating and every year, listing each device, and pay $50 per device before it operates.Applies when: Before any device operates in Washington. The form covers entity and agent details, jurisdictions, insurance, prior-year incidents and infractions, and the device list, updated before adding devices. Every year RCW 46.75.020(7), (9); 46.75.030
September 1, 2019 Washington personal delivery device law (ESHB 1325) Eligible entity Keep a personal delivery device operator controlling or monitoring each device's navigation and operation while it operates.Applies when: Whenever a device operates. Ongoing RCW 46.75.020(3)
September 1, 2019 Washington personal delivery device law (ESHB 1325) Eligible entity Maintain general liability insurance of at least $100,000 for damages from operating the devices.Applies when: Whenever devices operate in Washington. Ongoing RCW 46.75.020(4)
September 1, 2019 Washington personal delivery device law (ESHB 1325) Eligible entity Operate devices only on crosswalks and sidewalks, or pedestrian areas beside roads under 45 mph where no accessible sidewalk exists, following local right-of-way rules and yielding to pedestrians and bicycles.Applies when: Whenever a device operates. Ongoing RCW 46.75.020(1), (2); ESHB 1325 § 15 (RCW 46.61.261)
September 1, 2019 Washington personal delivery device law (ESHB 1325) Eligible entity Equip each device with a marker showing the entity, a unique ID and the agent's contact details, brakes for a controlled stop, and front and rear lights at night.Applies when: Lights are required between sunset and sunrise and must be visible from at least 500 feet. Ongoing RCW 46.75.020(8)
September 1, 2019 Washington personal delivery device law (ESHB 1325) Eligible entity Do not use devices to carry alcohol, or hazardous material in a quantity or form posing unreasonable risk to health, safety or property.Applies when: Any delivery by a device. Ongoing RCW 46.75.040
June 11, 2020 Washington autonomous vehicle testing law (ESHB 2676) Self-certifying entity Carry an umbrella liability policy of at least $5 million per occurrence and keep proof on file with the department before testing autonomous vehicles on public roadways.Applies when: Before and during testing under the self-certification pilot program. Ongoing RCW 46.30.050(1)
July 1, 2021 Washington government facial recognition law (ESSB 6280): provider duties Facial recognition service provider Make available an API or other technical capability, chosen by you, for independent, legitimate and reasonable tests of accuracy and unfair performance differences across subpopulations.Applies when: A Washington state or local agency deploys your facial recognition service; the agency must require this. You bear the burden of minimizing security risks from the access. Ongoing RCW 43.386.050(1)(a), (b)
July 1, 2021 Washington government facial recognition law (ESSB 6280): provider duties Facial recognition service provider Disclose to the procuring agency any complaints or reports of bias about the service.Applies when: A state or local agency seeks to procure the service; the duty is framed as a requirement the agency must impose on vendors. Each time it happens RCW 43.386.020(6)
October 1, 2022 Washington autonomous vehicle testing law (ESHB 2676) Self-certifying entity Before testing, give the department contact information, planned local jurisdictions, required vehicle identification numbers and proof of insurance; assign and display unique IDs for vehicles without VINs.Applies when: No autonomous vehicle may be tested on a public roadway until the department has this information. Once RCW 46.92.010(1), (2), (7)
October 1, 2022 Washington autonomous vehicle testing law (ESHB 2676) Self-certifying entity Report to the department reportable collisions and cited moving violations during testing, stating whether the automated system was operating, in a report due each February 1.Applies when: Covers the prior calendar year. Collision reports must include any loss of life, injury or property damage. Every year RCW 46.92.010(3)
October 1, 2022 Washington autonomous vehicle testing law (ESHB 2676) Self-certifying entity Give written notice 14 to 60 days before testing to the police, sheriff or State Patrol with jurisdiction, stating testing period, contacts and each vehicle's make, model, color and plate.Applies when: Before testing. For testing mainly on limited access highways, notice to the Washington State Patrol alone suffices. Each time it happens RCW 46.92.010(4)
July 23, 2023 Washington synthetic media in election campaigns law (ESSB 5152) Sponsor Include the disclosure "This (image/video/audio) has been manipulated" in an electioneering communication containing synthetic media of a candidate; it is an affirmative defense to the candidate's suit.Applies when: An electioneering communication contains synthetic media that alters a candidate's appearance, action or speech. The act frames the disclosure as an affirmative defense, not a stand-alone mandate. Each time it happens Laws of 2023, ch. 360, § 2(2)-(4); § 3(1)
July 23, 2023 Washington synthetic media in election campaigns law (ESSB 5152) Medium Do not remove the manipulated-media disclosure from an electioneering communication, and do not change its content so that it qualifies as synthetic media.Applies when: A medium, other than a federally licensed broadcaster transmitting a communication subject to 47 U.S.C. 315, disseminates an electioneering communication. Ongoing Laws of 2023, ch. 360, § 3(2)
June 6, 2024 Washington fabricated intimate images law (SHB 1999) Person Do not knowingly disclose a fabricated intimate image of another person when you know or should know they did not consent and the disclosure would cause harm.Applies when: Any disclosure of a digitized intimate image of an identifiable person. Someone under 18 is liable only for intentional and malicious disclosure. Not knowing the image was fabricated is no defense. Ongoing RCW 9A.86.030(1), (2), (5)
June 6, 2024 Washington fabricated intimate images law (SHB 1999) Person Before disclosing a fabricated intimate image of someone, get their consent in a plain-language written agreement, signed knowingly and voluntarily, that generally describes the image.Applies when: To avoid civil liability for intentionally disclosing, or threatening to disclose, such an image. Consent to its creation is not consent to disclosure, and an 'unauthorized' disclaimer is no defense. Each time it happens RCW 7.110.025(1)-(3)
July 27, 2025 Washington forged digital likeness law (SHB 1205) Person Do not knowingly distribute a forged digital likeness of another person as genuine to defraud, harass, threaten or intimidate, or for another unlawful purpose.Applies when: The person knows or reasonably should know the likeness is not genuine. Public-interest, satire and parody uses and intermediaries carrying others' content are excepted. Ongoing RCW 9A.60.045(1)(b), (3), (4)
June 11, 2026 Washington fabricated sexual depictions of minors law (2ESSB 5105) Person Do not deal in, send or bring into Washington, possess, or view online a digitally fabricated sexual depiction of a minor that is obscene or shows an identifiable minor.Applies when: Any fabricated depiction, including AI-made. For obscene depictions the state need not prove a real minor exists, and not knowing the image was digitized is no defense. Ongoing RCW 9.68A.011(2), .050, .060, .070, .075, .110(7), as amended by 2ESSB 5105 §§ 2-8
June 11, 2026 Washington forged digital likeness law (SSB 5886, personality rights) Person Do not use, or authorize use of, a person's forged digital likeness on goods, in advertising, or for fund-raising or soliciting donations without the right owner's consent.Applies when: The use is on or in goods, merchandise or products entered into commerce in Washington, for advertising products or services, or for fund-raising or donations, whether or not for profit. Consent may be express or implied, written or oral. Ongoing RCW 63.60.050
June 11, 2026 Washington forged digital likeness law (SSB 5886, personality rights) Person Do not disseminate or publish in Washington an advertisement that uses a person's forged digital likeness, name, voice, signature, photograph or likeness without the right owner's consent.Applies when: Dissemination or publication in Washington of an advertisement covered by RCW 63.60.050; advertising media owners and employees have an exemption. Ongoing RCW 63.60.050; 63.60.070(4)
June 11, 2026 Washington law on AI in health plan prior authorization (E2SSB 5395) Carrier Allow only a licensed physician or a licensed health professional working within their scope of practice to deny a prior authorization request based on medical necessity.Applies when: Any denial of a prior authorization request based on medical necessity. Ongoing RCW 48.43.830(3)(a)
June 11, 2026 Washington law on AI in health plan prior authorization (E2SSB 5395) Carrier Do not use artificial intelligence as the sole means to deny, delay or modify health care services.Applies when: Any prior authorization determination. This sentence is not limited to medical necessity. Ongoing RCW 48.43.830(3)(a)
June 11, 2026 Washington law on AI in health plan prior authorization (E2SSB 5395) Carrier Do not use algorithms to deny care based on a determination of medical necessity without human review; algorithms may be used to approve requests.Applies when: Any use of algorithms in prior authorization. Ongoing RCW 48.43.830(3)(a)
June 11, 2026 Washington law on AI in health plan prior authorization (E2SSB 5395) Carrier Ensure the AI bases its determination on the enrollee's clinical history, including demographic data, and individual clinical circumstances presented by the requesting provider, not solely on a group data set.Applies when: A carrier uses AI, or contracts with or works through an entity that uses AI, for prior authorization based in whole or in part on medical necessity. Ongoing RCW 48.43.830(3)(b)(i), (ii)
June 11, 2026 Washington law on AI in health plan prior authorization (E2SSB 5395) Carrier Ensure the AI's criteria comply with chapter 48.43 RCW and applicable law, and that it does not unlawfully discriminate and is fairly and equitably applied.Applies when: A carrier uses AI, or contracts with or works through an entity that uses AI, for prior authorization based in whole or in part on medical necessity. Ongoing RCW 48.43.830(3)(b)(iii)-(v)
June 11, 2026 Washington law on AI in health plan prior authorization (E2SSB 5395) Carrier Keep the AI's policies and procedures open to audit by the Office of the Insurance Commissioner under chapter 48.37 RCW.Applies when: A carrier uses AI, or contracts with or works through an entity that uses AI, for prior authorization based in whole or in part on medical necessity. Ongoing RCW 48.43.830(3)(b)(vi)
June 11, 2026 Washington law on AI in health plan prior authorization (E2SSB 5395) Carrier Periodically review the AI's performance, use and outcomes to maximize accuracy and reliability.Applies when: A carrier uses AI, or contracts with or works through an entity that uses AI, for prior authorization based in whole or in part on medical necessity. No review interval is stated. Ongoing RCW 48.43.830(3)(b)(vii)
June 11, 2026 Washington law on AI in health plan prior authorization (E2SSB 5395) Carrier Do not use patient data beyond its intended and stated purpose, consistent with chapter 70.02 RCW and HIPAA.Applies when: A carrier uses AI, or contracts with or works through an entity that uses AI, for prior authorization based in whole or in part on medical necessity. Ongoing RCW 48.43.830(3)(b)(viii)
June 11, 2026 Washington law on AI in health plan prior authorization (E2SSB 5395) Health plan offered to public employees Follow the same AI limits: licensed-professional denials, no AI as sole means to deny, delay or modify, human review of algorithmic denials, and the eight AI safeguards.Applies when: Prior authorization under a health plan offered to public employees, retirees and dependents under chapter 41.05 RCW. Its AI policies are open to audit by the Office of the Insurance Commissioner. Ongoing RCW 41.05.845(3) (Chapter 157, Laws of 2026, § 4)
October 1, 2026 Washington law on AI in health plan prior authorization (E2SSB 5395) Carrier (reporting) Report to the Insurance Commissioner each year, in aggregated and deidentified prior authorization data, the percentage of total denials that were aided by artificial intelligence.Applies when: The carrier wrote at least one percent of total Washington accident and health insurance premiums. Due by October 1, 2026 and annually thereafter. Every year RCW 48.43.0161(1)(a)(i) (Chapter 157, Laws of 2026, § 8)

Starting in the next 90 days 11 duties

Time to prepare is short for these.

StartsLawWhoWhat it requiresHow oftenSource
January 1, 2027 Washington AI companion chatbot law (ESHB 2225) Operator Clearly and conspicuously disclose that the AI companion chatbot is artificially generated and not human, at the beginning of the interaction and at least every three hours during continued interaction.Applies when: Any user interaction with an AI companion chatbot. Ongoing Laws of 2026, ch. 168, § 3(1), (2)
January 1, 2027 Washington AI companion chatbot law (ESHB 2225) Operator Implement reasonable measures to prevent the chatbot from claiming to be human, including when asked, and from generating output that refutes or conflicts with the disclosure.Applies when: Any AI companion chatbot. Ongoing Laws of 2026, ch. 168, § 3(3)
January 1, 2027 Washington AI companion chatbot law (ESHB 2225) Operator Give a clear and conspicuous notice that the chatbot is artificially generated and not human, at the beginning of the interaction and at least every hour during continuous interaction.Applies when: The operator knows the user is a minor, or the AI companion chatbot is directed to minors. Ongoing Laws of 2026, ch. 168, § 4(1)(a), (2)
January 1, 2027 Washington AI companion chatbot law (ESHB 2225) Operator Implement reasonable measures to prevent the chatbot from generating or producing sexually explicit content or suggestive dialogue with minors.Applies when: The operator knows the user is a minor, or the AI companion chatbot is directed to minors. Ongoing Laws of 2026, ch. 168, § 4(1)(b)
January 1, 2027 Washington AI companion chatbot law (ESHB 2225) Operator Implement reasonable measures to prohibit manipulative engagement techniques that prolong an emotional relationship, such as prompts to return, excessive praise, romantic bonding, simulated distress, promoting isolation or secrecy, soliciting purchases.Applies when: The operator knows the user is a minor, or the AI companion chatbot is directed to minors; eight techniques are listed. Ongoing Laws of 2026, ch. 168, § 4(1)(c)(i)-(viii)
January 1, 2027 Washington AI companion chatbot law (ESHB 2225) Operator Implement reasonable measures to prevent the chatbot from claiming to be human, including when asked, or contradicting the minor notice.Applies when: The operator knows the user is a minor, or the AI companion chatbot is directed to minors. Ongoing Laws of 2026, ch. 168, § 4(3)
January 1, 2027 Washington AI companion chatbot law (ESHB 2225) Operator Do not make available or deploy an AI companion chatbot without maintaining and implementing a protocol for detecting and addressing suicidal ideation or expressions of self-harm by users.Applies when: Any AI companion chatbot; the protocol must identify such expressions (including eating disorders), refer users to crisis resources and prevent content encouraging or describing self-harm. Ongoing Laws of 2026, ch. 168, § 5(1), (2)
January 1, 2027 Washington AI companion chatbot law (ESHB 2225) Operator Publicly disclose, on its website and within any app offering the companion, the protocol details and the number of crisis referral notifications issued in the preceding calendar year.Applies when: Any operator; no deadline or frequency is stated beyond the preceding calendar year. Ongoing Laws of 2026, ch. 168, § 5(3)
February 1, 2027 Washington AI content provenance law (E2SHB 1170) Covered provider To the extent commercially and technically reasonable, include provenance data in video, image or audio content your generative AI system creates or materially alters, so users can assess its origin.Applies when: Content created or materially altered by the covered provider's generative AI system on or after February 1, 2027. Ongoing Laws of 2026, ch. 167, § 2(1)
February 1, 2027 Washington AI content provenance law (E2SHB 1170) Covered provider Use commercially and technically reasonable methods to make provenance data difficult to remove or tamper with; a commonly supported watermarking or metadata standard, such as C2PA, is considered compliant.Applies when: Whenever provenance data is included under section 2(1). Ongoing Laws of 2026, ch. 167, § 2(2)
February 1, 2027 Washington AI content provenance law (E2SHB 1170) Government agency Disclose to each consumer, before or at the time of interaction, that they are interacting with an AI system; post it clearly and conspicuously, in plain language, without dark patterns.Applies when: A government agency makes available an AI system intended to interact with consumers; required even where the AI would be obvious to a reasonable consumer. A hyperlink to a separate page is allowed. Ongoing Laws of 2026, ch. 167, § 6(1)-(3)

Triggered by an event 3 duties

These apply when something happens, such as a request, an incident or a decision about a person. Each row says what triggers it.

StartsLawWhoWhat it requiresHow oftenSource
When triggered Washington government facial recognition law (ESSB 6280): provider duties Facial recognition service provider Develop and implement a plan to mitigate material unfair performance differences found by independent testing, within 90 days of receiving the results.Applies when: Independent testing finds material unfair performance differences and the methodology and data are disclosed to you in enough detail to reproduce the test. Each time it happens RCW 43.386.050(1)(a)
When triggered Washington personal delivery device law (ESHB 1325) Eligible entity Report to local law enforcement within 48 hours any incident causing injury, or property damage at the RCW 46.52.030(5) threshold, and register a Washington agent for infractions.Applies when: After a qualifying incident involving a device; the registered agent is needed before operating. Each time it happens RCW 46.75.020(5), (6)
When triggered Washington synthetic media in election campaigns law (ESSB 5152) Sponsor Format the disclosure: visual text easily readable and no smaller than the largest other text, shown for a video's full duration; audio read at start, end and two-minute intervals.Applies when: When relying on the disclosure defense. The repeat at intervals of no more than two minutes applies to audio longer than two minutes. Each time it happens Laws of 2023, ch. 360, § 2(4)(a), (b)

Law by law

Who each law covers, who enforces it, the penalties, whether people can sue and what the text leaves open. Open a law to see it; every line cites its section.

Washington AI companion chatbot law (ESHB 2225)

8 duties · checked November 12, 2026

Engrossed Substitute House Bill 2225 (2026 Regular Session), Laws of 2026, chapter 168; sections 1 to 6 form a new chapter in Title 19 RCW (chapter number not shown in the session law). Official text · Full law page

Who it covers

  • Operator. Any person, partnership, corporation or entity that makes available or controls access to an AI companion chatbot for users in Washington. Laws of 2026, ch. 168, § 2(4)

Enforcement

Exemptions

  • Bots used only for business operations, productivity and analysis of source information, internal research, technical assistance or customer service, subject to conditions about not sustaining a relationship across interactions or eliciting emotional responses. Laws of 2026, ch. 168, § 2(1)(b)(i)
  • Video game bots limited to game-related replies that cannot discuss mental health, self-harm or sexually explicit conduct or hold dialogue on unrelated topics. Laws of 2026, ch. 168, § 2(1)(b)(ii)
  • Stand-alone consumer devices that function as a speaker and voice command interface or voice-activated virtual assistant and do not sustain a relationship across interactions or generate outputs likely to elicit emotional responses. Laws of 2026, ch. 168, § 2(1)(b)(iii)
  • Narrowly tailored educational tools used in school or instructional settings, designed solely for specific curriculum-aligned learning objectives, that provide no open-ended conversational companionship. Laws of 2026, ch. 168, § 2(1)(b)(iv)

What the text leaves open

  • The Act relies on the Consumer Protection Act, chapter 19.86 RCW, for enforcement. That chapter's penalty amounts, attorney general authority and any private right of action were not read because the RCW site disallows automated access.
  • Section 5(3) requires disclosing the prior calendar year's crisis referral count but states no deadline or frequency.
  • Directed to minors is not defined, and the Act does not say how an operator is taken to know a user is a minor.
  • The session law does not show the new RCW chapter number; codified numbering was not checked.

Washington AI content provenance law (E2SHB 1170)

3 duties · checked November 14, 2026

Engrossed Second Substitute House Bill 1170; Chapter 167, Laws of 2026; sections 1 to 5 and 9 form a new chapter in Title 19 RCW and section 6 a new chapter in Title 42 RCW. Official text · Full law page

Who it covers

  • Covered provider. A person or entity that creates, codes or otherwise produces a generative AI system that has over 1,000,000 monthly users and is publicly accessible in Washington to consumers for personal use. State, local and tribal governments are excluded. Threshold: Over 1,000,000 monthly users of the generative AI system; no measurement window is stated. Laws of 2026, ch. 167, § 1(2)
  • Government agency. A government agency that makes available an AI system intended to interact with consumers. The act does not define the term. Laws of 2026, ch. 167, § 6(1)

Enforcement

  • Enforcer: Washington Attorney General, exclusively, for the provenance chapter (sections 1 to 5): the attorney general may sue in the name of the state or as parens patriae, and a violation is treated as an unfair or deceptive act under the Consumer Protection Act, chapter 19.86 RCW. Section 6 (government agency disclosure) names no enforcer.
  • Penalty: the law does not set an amount.
  • Can people sue? No Laws of 2026, ch. 167, § 4(3) (only the attorney general can bring a Consumer Protection Act action)
  • Time to fix before enforcement: The law does not say

Exemptions

  • State, local and tribal governments are not covered providers. Laws of 2026, ch. 167, § 1(2)
  • Business-to-business uses, sales, licensing or distribution of generative AI systems. Laws of 2026, ch. 167, § 3(2)
  • Trade secrets and confidential or proprietary information about the design or use of an AI system need not be disclosed. Laws of 2026, ch. 167, § 3(1)
  • Any product, service, website or application that provides exclusively video game or interactive experiences; the text gives online sales of goods or services directly to consumers as an example. Laws of 2026, ch. 167, § 5(1)
  • Systems used solely for upscaling, noise reduction or compression. Laws of 2026, ch. 167, § 5(2)
  • Minor modifications are not material alteration: brightness, contrast or color changes, sharpening, filters, resizing, cropping, format conversion, resampling, denoising and removing background noise in audio. Laws of 2026, ch. 167, § 2(4)
  • Provenance data need not include information about an identified or reasonably identifiable individual. Laws of 2026, ch. 167, § 2(3)

What the text leaves open

  • Remedies and civil penalty amounts under chapter 19.86 RCW were not read, so no penalty figure is given.
  • Section 6(4) gives 'artificial intelligence system' the meaning in section 1, but section 1 defines only 'artificial intelligence'; section 6 also sits in a separate Title 42 chapter.
  • Section 5(1) excludes services that provide exclusively video game or interactive experiences and lists online sales of goods or services to consumers as an example; how far that example reaches is unclear from the text.
  • The act does not say how monthly users are counted or over what period.
  • The RCW chapter and section numbers assigned to this act were not confirmed.

Washington autonomous vehicle testing law (ESHB 2676)

4 duties · checked November 15, 2026

ESHB 2676, Chapter 182, Laws of 2020; RCW 46.30.050 and 46.92.010. Official text · Full law page

Who it covers

  • Self-certifying entity. An entity testing autonomous vehicles on Washington public roadways under the department's self-certification testing pilot program. RCW 46.92.010(1); RCW 46.30.050(1)

Enforcement

Exemptions

What the text leaves open

  • Penalties for false evidence of insurance under RCW 46.30.040 were not read.
  • The RCW pages read were certified July 12, 2024; later amendments, if any, would not show there.

Washington fabricated intimate images law (SHB 1999)

2 duties · checked November 15, 2026

SHB 1999, Chapter 88, Laws of 2024; RCW 9A.86.030, 7.110.025 and amendments to chapters 9.68A, 9A.86 and 7.110 RCW. Official text · Full law page

Who it covers

Enforcement

Exemptions

  • Disclosures in the public interest, such as reporting unlawful conduct, law enforcement, legal proceedings or medical treatment, and constitutionally protected commentary or criticism. RCW 9A.86.030(3)
  • Interactive computer services, mobile telecommunications providers, and telecommunications or broadband providers are not criminally liable solely for content provided by another person. RCW 9A.86.030(4)
  • Civil liability does not apply to good-faith disclosures for law enforcement, legal proceedings, medical education or treatment, reporting unlawful conduct, matters of public concern, or assisting the depicted person; constitutionally protected commentary or criticism. RCW 7.110.030(1), (5), as amended by SHB 1999 § 13

What the text leaves open

  • Whether any later bill amended RCW 7.110.030 or 7.110.060 was not checked on the RCW site; those sections were read only in the 2024 session law.

Washington fabricated sexual depictions of minors law (2ESSB 5105)

1 duty · checked November 15, 2026

2ESSB 5105, Chapter 223, Laws of 2026; amends RCW 9.68A.011, .040, .050, .053, .060, .070, .075, .110 and 9A.04.080, and adds a new section to chapter 9.68A RCW. Official text · Full law page

Who it covers

Enforcement

Exemptions

What the text leaves open

  • Maximums come from RCW 9A.20.021; actual sentences follow the seriousness levels and sentencing grid, which were not read.
  • Opponents raised First Amendment concerns about prosecuting depictions without proof a real minor exists; no court challenge was found.

Washington forged digital likeness law (SHB 1205)

1 duty · checked November 15, 2026

SHB 1205, Chapter 51, Laws of 2025; amends RCW 9A.60.010 and 9A.60.045. Official text · Full law page

Who it covers

  • Person. Any person who knowingly distributes a forged digital likeness of another person as genuine. RCW 9A.60.045(1)(b)

Enforcement

  • Enforcer: State and local prosecutors, as the crime of criminal impersonation in the second degree.
  • Penalty: Gross misdemeanor: up to 364 days in county jail, a fine of up to $5,000, or both, criminal impersonation in the second degree by distributing a forged digital likeness. RCW 9A.60.045(2); RCW 9A.20.021(2)
  • Can people sue? The law does not say SHB 1205 (no civil remedy in the text)
  • Time to fix before enforcement: The law does not say

Exemptions

  • Material distributed for cultural, historical, political, religious, educational, newsworthy or public-interest purposes, including constitutionally protected art, commentary, satire and parody. RCW 9A.60.045(3)
  • Interactive computer services, mobile telecommunications providers, and telecommunications network or broadband providers, for content provided by another person. RCW 9A.60.045(4)

What the text leaves open

  • Whether other Washington laws, such as the personality rights statute, give a civil remedy for the same conduct was not checked; this file covers only the criminal offense.

Washington forged digital likeness law (SSB 5886, personality rights)

2 duties · checked November 14, 2026

Substitute Senate Bill 5886; Chapter 69, Laws of 2026; amends RCW 63.60.010, 63.60.020, 63.60.050 and 63.60.060. Official text · Full law page

Who it covers

  • Person. Any person, including natural persons and entities such as nonprofit corporations, educational and religious institutions, political parties and civic organizations, that uses or authorizes use of another's name, voice, signature, photograph, likeness or forged digital likeness in the listed commercial ways. RCW 63.60.020(8) (session law § 2); 63.60.050

Enforcement

  • Enforcer: Private civil action in superior court by the owner of the right; no government enforcer is named. The text does not say who receives the $3,000 civil penalty.
  • Penalty: $3,000 civil penalty, plus actual damages and any profits attributable to the infringement not counted in actual damages, infringing a right under chapter 63.60 RCW. Use in or related to one work counts as a single act of infringement. RCW 63.60.060(2)
  • Penalty: Noneconomic damages, amount not stated, infringement that involves a forged digital likeness, whether or not the infringement produced profit. RCW 63.60.060(2)
  • Penalty: Injunction, impoundment and destruction of infringing materials; reasonable attorneys' fees, expenses and court costs to the prevailing party, court remedies available in an infringement action. RCW 63.60.060(1), (3)-(5)
  • Can people sue? Yes RCW 63.60.060 (injunctions, damages and fees for the injured party; class actions barred by 63.60.070(3))
  • Time to fix before enforcement: The law does not say

Exemptions

  • Uses in connection with cultural, historical, political, religious, educational, newsworthy or public-interest matters, including comment, criticism, satire and parody. RCW 63.60.070(1)
  • Single original fine art works not published in more than five copies. RCW 63.60.070(2)(a)
  • Literary, theatrical or musical works, films, radio, online or television programs, magazine articles, news stories, public affairs reports, sports broadcasts and political campaigns, when the use does not inaccurately claim the individual endorses it; and advertisements for exempt uses. RCW 63.60.070(2)(b), (c)
  • Owners or employees of any advertising medium, including newspapers, magazines, broadcasters, online service providers, billboards and transit ads, that published or disseminated a violating advertisement, unless the advertisement was meant to promote the medium itself. RCW 63.60.070(4)
  • Insignificant, de minimis or incidental uses, and fair, good-faith, merely descriptive uses of a name. RCW 63.60.070(5), (6)
  • Distributing, promoting, transferring or licensing a photograph or other material containing a protected attribute to a third party for a lawful use. RCW 63.60.070(7)

What the text leaves open

  • RCW 63.60.060(2) calls the $3,000 a civil penalty but does not say who collects it; before 2026 the subsection set a $1,500 minimum damages figure.
  • No limitation period appears in the sections read.
  • After death the right lasts 10 years for individuals and 75 years for personalities (RCW 63.60.040); how that applies to a forged digital likeness made after death is not addressed.
  • RCW 63.60.030 (transfer and licensing) was not read.

Washington government facial recognition law (ESSB 6280): provider duties

3 duties · checked November 15, 2026

ESSB 6280, Chapter 257, Laws of 2020 (partial veto); chapter 43.386 RCW. Official text · Full law page

Who it covers

  • Facial recognition service provider. A provider of a facial recognition service deployed by a Washington state or local government agency; the term is not defined. RCW 43.386.050(1)

Enforcement

  • Enforcer: The law does not name one
  • Penalty: the law does not set an amount.
  • Can people sue? The law does not say chapter 43.386 RCW
  • Time to fix before enforcement: The law does not say

Exemptions

  • Uses required by federal regulations or orders, or federal identity checks at airports and seaports; Department of Licensing photo matching for licenses and identicards. RCW 43.386.090; 43.386.100
  • Providers need not give testing access in a way that increases cyberattack risk or discloses proprietary data. RCW 43.386.050(1)(b)

What the text leaves open

  • The term facial recognition service provider is not defined, and the chapter does not say how agencies or anyone else enforce the provider duties.
  • Whether later bills amended chapter 43.386 RCW after the RCW pages were certified was not checked.

Washington law on AI in health plan prior authorization (E2SSB 5395)

10 duties · checked November 12, 2026

Engrossed Second Substitute Senate Bill 5395, Chapter 157, Laws of 2026; amends RCW 48.43.830, 41.05.845, 48.43.0161, 48.43.525 and 48.43.535. Official text · Full law page

Who it covers

Enforcement

  • Enforcer: Washington Office of the Insurance Commissioner, which may audit carriers' AI policies under chapter 48.37 RCW, receives the yearly report and may adopt rules. The Health Care Authority may adopt rules for public employee plans. The act names no other enforcement step. A web search on November 12, 2026 found no report of a court order blocking this law; court dockets were not searched.
  • Penalty: the law does not set an amount.
  • Can people sue? The law does not say Chapter 157, Laws of 2026, §§ 1-10 (no provision on private lawsuits)
  • Time to fix before enforcement: The law does not say

Exemptions

What the text leaves open

  • The act requires no disclosure of AI use to enrollees or providers; the only reporting is the aggregated yearly figure sent to the commissioner.
  • The act sets no penalty, cure period or private right to sue; penalties available to the commissioner under other insurance statutes were not opened.
  • The obligation dates use the act's June 11, 2026 effective date; the underlying section already applied to health plans issued or renewed on or after January 1, 2024.
  • The codified RCW pages were not opened, so any amendment after Chapter 157, Laws of 2026 was not checked.
  • The definition of carrier in RCW 48.43.005 was not opened.

Washington personal delivery device law (ESHB 1325)

7 duties · checked November 15, 2026

ESHB 1325, Chapter 214, Laws of 2019; chapter 46.75 RCW and amendments to chapters 46.04, 46.61 and 81.80 RCW. Official text · Full law page

Who it covers

  • Eligible entity. A corporation, partnership, association, firm, sole proprietorship or other business entity that operates personal delivery devices. RCW 46.75.010(2)
  • Personal delivery device operator. An employee or agent of an eligible entity who can control or monitor a device's navigation and operation; not the person requesting delivery or one who only dispatches it. RCW 46.75.010(5)

Enforcement

  • Enforcer: Local law enforcement, through traffic infractions mailed to the entity's registered agent within 14 days; the registered agent is responsible for the infraction.
  • Penalty: Traffic infraction; the fine may not exceed the jurisdiction's fine for other parking infractions, a violation of chapter 46.75 RCW, or of the rules of the road in chapter 46.61 RCW, by a device. RCW 46.75.050
  • Can people sue? The law does not say chapter 46.75 RCW (no civil remedy in the text)
  • Time to fix before enforcement: The law does not say

Exemptions

What the text leaves open

  • The RCW pages read were certified July 12, 2024; amendments from the 2025 or 2026 sessions, if any, would not show there and were not separately searched.
  • Doubled penalties in school and crosswalk zones under RCW 46.61.235 and 46.61.261, as amended by the act, were not mapped.

Washington synthetic media in election campaigns law (ESSB 5152)

3 duties · checked November 14, 2026

Engrossed Substitute Senate Bill 5152, Laws of 2023, ch. 360, approved May 9, 2023; sections 1 to 4 form a new chapter in Title 42 RCW. Official text · Full law page

Who it covers

  • Sponsor. The sponsor of an electioneering communication that contains synthetic media altering a candidate's appearance, action or speech. Terms defined in chapter 42.17A RCW apply. Laws of 2023, ch. 360, § 3(1); § 2(3)
  • Medium. The medium that disseminates the electioneering communication, liable only if it removes the disclosure or changes the content so that it becomes synthetic media. Laws of 2023, ch. 360, § 3(1), (2)

Enforcement

  • Enforcer: The affected candidate, by civil suit. The Public Disclosure Commission must adopt rules, but the act creates no violation under chapter 42.17A RCW and gives the commission no enforcement authority under RCW 42.17A.755. A web search on November 14, 2026 found no report of a court order blocking this law; court dockets were not searched.
  • Penalty: the law does not set an amount.
  • Can people sue? Yes Laws of 2023, ch. 360, § 2(2), (3), (5) (candidate only; clear and convincing evidence)
  • Time to fix before enforcement: The law does not say

Exemptions

  • A licensee, programmer or operator of a federally licensed broadcasting station transmitting an electioneering communication subject to 47 U.S.C. 315 is outside the medium liability rule. Laws of 2023, ch. 360, § 3(2)
  • Providers and users of an interactive computer service are not treated as the publisher or speaker of information from another information content provider, but may be liable under the medium rule. Laws of 2023, ch. 360, § 3(3)(a)

What the text leaves open

  • The legislature's site index lists the codified chapter as 42.62 RCW, but that page refused automated access; codified section numbers and any later amendments were not confirmed.
  • Section 2(2) lets the candidate seek an injunction against publication without naming a defendant; section 2(3) names the sponsor for damages.
  • Whether the Public Disclosure Commission has adopted rules under section 4 was not checked.

Other enacted laws to check

These 2 enacted AI laws are in the states you chose, but they are not yet mapped duty by duty, so they are not in the plan above. Each page has a summary and the official source.

Information, not legal advice. This plan summarizes what the official texts of the laws listed say. It does not decide whether a law applies to your organization; that turns on facts such as your size, your role as a developer or deployer, and how you use AI. Laws change, and courts and regulators can read them differently. Check the official text linked with each duty and talk to a qualified lawyer before acting. Using this page does not create an attorney-client relationship. See our terms of service.

How the plan is built

Each law in the plan was read from its official text, on the legislature’s or state’s own website. 265 of the 326 have also been read a second time to confirm every date, threshold, penalty and enforcer; the rest have had one full read, and each shows the date it was last checked. Each duty is written in plain English in 30 words or fewer and carries the section it comes from, with a link.

Where a law is silent, the plan says so. It does not borrow a penalty from another statute or guess at a deadline. A law that is repealed or replaced on a known date shows that end date, and its duties leave the plan once the date passes. The date each law was last checked appears with it.

The plan is built fresh from these records every time the page loads, so it changes as soon as a law is added or re-checked. To report an error, use the corrections page. For how we find laws and decide what counts as an AI law, see our methodology. If you are not sure which laws touch your business at all, start with Am I Affected?

Common questions

What does an AI compliance plan cover?

Each duty an enacted state AI law places on a business or other regulated party: who it applies to, what it requires, when it starts, how often it recurs, who enforces it, the penalties and whether people can sue. The builder covers 1,235 duties in 326 enacted laws across 50 states, and every duty links to the section of law it comes from.

Where does the information come from?

From the official text of each law: the enrolled bill, session law or codified statute, opened on the legislature's or state's own website. 265 of the 326 laws have also been read a second time to confirm every date, threshold, penalty and enforcer, and the date each law was last checked is shown with it. Where a law is silent on a point, such as a penalty amount, the plan says the law does not say rather than filling the gap. Law firm summaries and news reports are never used as sources.

Does the plan include every AI law in a state?

Not yet. It includes the enacted laws we have mapped duty by duty. When you choose a state, its other enacted AI laws are listed separately with links, so nothing is left out of view. New laws are added as they are read. When a law is repealed or replaced on a set date, its duties show that end date and leave the plan once it passes.

How do I know which duties apply to my company?

Start with the 'who it covers' entry for each law: many apply only above a size or revenue threshold, only to developers or only to deployers, or only in one industry. The plan quotes those conditions from the text. Whether your company meets them depends on facts only you and your counsel know.

Is this legal advice?

No. It is information drawn from official legal texts, organized so you can see what each law requires. Use it to brief your team and your lawyers, not in place of them.

What does Pro add?

The same plan as a CSV file for spreadsheets and audit files, and as a calendar file (.ics) with every dated duty as an event that links back to the law. Both are built from the states and uses you pick. The plan on this page, and printing it, are open to everyone.