Comprehensive AI Laws

Artificial Intelligence Safety Measures Act

Illinois' Artificial Intelligence Safety Measures Act regulates developers of frontier AI models (trained with more than 10^26 operations), with most duties on large frontier developers, those with over $500 million in annual gross revenue with affiliates. From January 1, 2027 large frontier developers need a current disclosure statement on file with the state to develop, deploy or operate a frontier model in Illinois; from January 1, 2028 they must publish and follow a frontier AI safety framework and undergo annual independent audits.

HEAL-AI Act Healthcare Education in AI Literacy Act

The HEAL-AI Act aims to amend the Public Health Service Act to provide AI education to medical students, residents, and faculty. Potential impacts on curricula or accreditation are not detailed here.

No Adversarial AI Act

The No Adversarial AI Act would have the Federal Acquisition Security Council list AI produced or developed by a foreign adversary within 60 days of enactment; OMB would publish the list within 180 days and the Council would update it at least every 180 days. Within 90 days, executive agencies would have to review and consider excluding and removing AI from listed foreign adversary entities, using their supply-chain authority under 41 U.S.C. 4713. Agency heads could approve exceptions, with notice to OMB and Congress, for research, testing, counterterrorism or counterintelligence, or mission-critical functions. Introduced June 25, 2025.

No Adversarial AI Act

The No Adversarial AI Act aims to protect U.S. government systems from AI threats, with specific details pending full bill text review.

Fostering Access, Innovation, and Responsibility in Artificial Intelligence Act; established.

The FAIR AI Act mandates developers disclose certain AI model information and limits defenses in legal contexts, with an effective date of July 1, 2027.

VET Artificial Intelligence Act Validation and Evaluation for Trustworthy (VET) Artificial Intelligence Act

The VET AI Act would direct NIST to develop, within a year and update at least every 2 years, voluntary technical guidelines for internal and independent third-party assurance of AI systems: testing, evaluating, verifying and validating them. The guidelines would address consumer privacy, assessing and reducing harms, dataset quality, documentation and disclosure, and governance, and recommend how often and how deeply developers and deployers should be assessed based on risk. Commerce would convene an advisory committee on assessor qualifications and study the capacity of the AI assurance sector. Introduced July 31, 2025.

Crimes and offenses; obscenity; repeal and replace Code Section 16-12-80

Not law. HB 171 passed the Georgia House 160-0 in February 2025. Its final Senate Rules Committee substitute (March 27, 2026), the Ensuring Accountability for Illegal AI Activities Act, would have made it a felony (1 to 15 years) to knowingly create, distribute, solicit or possess for distribution AI-generated visual material harmful to minors, even if no real child is shown. It would also have added longer sentences when a defendant knowingly used AI to commit offenses such as stalking, elder exploitation, child enticement, theft, fraud or election interference. It never got a Senate floor vote before the 2025-2026 session ended.

High-risk artificial intelligence systems: duty to protect personal information.

SB468 mandates that businesses deploying high-risk AI systems must protect personal information through a comprehensive security program.

Artificial intelligence models: large developers.

California's SB 53, the Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act, covers developers of frontier models (foundation models trained with more than 10^26 operations). Large frontier developers (over $500 million in prior-year revenue with affiliates) must publish and follow a frontier AI framework for catastrophic risks. All frontier developers must publish transparency reports at deployment, report critical safety incidents to the Office of Emergency Services within 15 days, and not retaliate against whistleblowers. Large developers face penalties up to $1 million per violation. Signed September 29, 2025 (Chapter 138); effective January 1, 2026.

Relates to the training and use of artificial intelligence frontier models; defines terms; establishes remedies for violations.

New York's RAISE Act (S 6953-B, Chapter 699 of 2025) as signed covered "large developers" spending over $100 million on compute, required safety protocols and set penalties up to $10 million, then $30 million. Chapter 96 of 2026 (signed March 27, 2026) repealed and replaced Article 44-B and set the effective date at January 1, 2027. From then, developers of frontier models (over 10^26 training operations) must publish transparency reports when deploying and report critical safety incidents to a Department of Financial Services office within 72 hours; those with over $500 million in revenue must also publish a frontier AI framework and file disclosure statements. Signed December 19, 2025.

GAIN AI Act of 2025 Guaranteeing Access and Innovation for National Artificial Intelligence Act of 2025

US SB3150: GAIN AI Act of 2025 mandates certification for entities to prioritize US persons in acquiring AI chips. The bill text is needed to verify 'countries of concern' and penalties.

HEALTH AI Act Healthcare Enhancement And Learning Through Harnessing Artificial Intelligence Act

Establishes the position of chief artificial intelligence officer and such person's functions, powers and duties; including, but not limited to, developing statewide artificial intelligence policies and governance, coordinating the activities of any and all state departments, boards, commissions…

This bill establishes a chief artificial intelligence officer in New York to develop statewide AI policies and coordinate AI activities.

AI PRINCIPLES

The bill establishes the Illinois High-Impact AI Governance Principles and Disclosure Act, requiring businesses using AI to comply with governance principles.

Increase Transparency for Algorithmic Systems

Colorado's SB 25B-004, passed in the August 2025 special session, replaced every February 1, 2026 start date in the Colorado AI Act (SB 24-205, C.R.S. 6-1-1702 to 6-1-1704) with June 30, 2026. That moved developers' and deployers' reasonable-care, documentation, risk-program, impact-assessment, notice and reporting duties and the AI-interaction disclosure. It adds no new duties. Signed August 28, 2025 (Chapter 3, 2025 First Extraordinary Session); effective November 25, 2025. SB 26-189 repeals and reenacts Part 17 effective January 1, 2027.

Consumer Protection - High-Risk Artificial Intelligence - Developer and Deployer Requirements

The bill mandates developers and deployers of high-risk AI systems to exercise reasonable care to protect consumers from algorithmic discrimination and requires disclosures and impact assessments.

Automated Decision-Making Technology

Colorado's SB 26-189 repeals and reenacts the 2024 AI Act as rules for automated decision-making technology (ADMT) that materially influences consequential decisions such as hiring, lending, housing and health care. Developers must document covered ADMT for deployers; deployers must give notice before use, explain adverse outcomes within 30 days and, on request, give correction steps and, where commercially reasonable, human review. Signed May 14, 2026 (Chapter 131); applies from January 1, 2027. A stipulated April 27, 2026 order in X. AI LLC v. Weiser bars AG enforcement of 2026 laws replacing SB 24-205 for violations through 14 days after a ruling on xAI's planned injunction motion.

Relating To A Statewide Data And Artificial Intelligence Governance And Decision Intelligence Center.

Establishes a statewide data and AI governance center to improve data quality and sharing across Hawaii, effective July 1, 2025.

Relating To A Statewide Data And Artificial Intelligence Governance And Decision Intelligence Center.

This bill establishes a statewide data and AI governance center to enhance data quality and sharing across agencies in Hawaii.

Relating To Artificial Intelligence.

HB2591 mandates the phased development of an AI chatbot and data visualizations for Hawaii's open data portal, with appropriated funds and a system for AI governance tool procurement.

High-risk artificial intelligence; development, deployment, and use by public bodies, report.

The bill mandates requirements for high-risk AI systems used by public bodies and establishes a work group to assess local government compliance.

High-risk artificial intelligence; development, deployment, and use by public bodies, report.

The bill establishes requirements for high-risk AI systems used by public bodies and mandates a work group to assess local government compliance.

STATE GOVT AI ACT

The State Government AI Act mandates the Illinois Department of Innovation and Technology to establish AI policies by 2028, prohibiting AI use without these rules.

An Act Concerning Online Safety.

This bill aims to enhance online safety through comprehensive AI regulations and workforce development initiatives, including safe harbor programs and teacher certification enhancements. The Attorney General, Insurance Commissioner, and Commissioner of Consumer Protection are required to accept applications for safe harbor programs. Synthetic digital content must be detectable as such. The bill also modifies the Technology Talent and Innovation Fund Advisory Committee.

GAIN AI Act of 2025 Guaranteeing Access and Innovation for National Artificial Intelligence Act of 2025

LIFE with AI Act Learning Innovation and Family Empowerment with AI Act

SB3063 is a federal bill aiming to enhance student privacy, increase parental choice, and promote personalized learning through AI. Specific provisions are speculative.

CREATE AI Act of 2025 Creating Resources for Every American To Experiment with Artificial Intelligence Act of 2025

The CREATE AI Act of 2025 seeks to establish the National Artificial Intelligence Research Resource to support AI experimentation.

Information Technology - Artificial Intelligence - Policies and Procedures (Artificial Intelligence Governance Act of 2024)

Maryland's SB 818, the Artificial Intelligence Governance Act of 2024, governs AI used by Executive Branch agencies. Agencies must inventory their data, including data used in AI, by December 1, 2024 and yearly, and their high-risk AI systems by December 1, 2025 and regularly after, and assess high-risk systems by December 31, 2026 (procured on or after February 1, 2026) or July 1, 2027 (procured earlier). The Department of Information Technology was to adopt high-risk AI policies by December 1, 2024; from July 1, 2025 agencies may not procure or deploy a new AI system that does not comply. It codifies the Governor's AI Subcabinet. Signed May 9, 2024 (Chapter 496); effective July 1, 2024.

Colorado Artificial Intelligence Act

Colorado's SB 24-205 (the Colorado AI Act) covers high-risk AI that makes, or is a substantial factor in making, consequential decisions such as hiring, lending, housing, insurance and health care. Developers and deployers must use reasonable care against algorithmic discrimination; deployers need risk programs, impact assessments and notices. Signed May 17, 2024 (Chapter 198). Duties run from June 30, 2026 (SB 25B-004) until SB 26-189 replaces Part 17 on January 1, 2027. Under a stipulated April 27, 2026 order in X. AI LLC v. Weiser (D. Colo.), the Attorney General may not start enforcement over violations through 14 days after a ruling on xAI's planned preliminary-injunction motion.

Relates to transparency and safety requirements for developers of artificial intelligence models

New York's S 8828 (Chapter 96 of 2026) is the chapter amendment to the RAISE Act (Chapter 699 of 2025). It repealed and replaced General Business Law Article 44-B and set the effective date at January 1, 2027. Developers of frontier models (over 10^26 training operations) must publish transparency reports when deploying and report critical safety incidents to a Department of Financial Services office within 72 hours. Those with over $500 million in revenue must also publish and follow a frontier AI framework, report internal-use risk assessments, file disclosure statements and pay assessments, and face Attorney General penalties up to $1 million, then $3 million. Signed March 27, 2026.

TEST AI Act of 2025 Testing and Evaluation Systems for Trusted Artificial Intelligence Act of 2025

The TEST AI Act of 2025 mandates the creation of a pilot program to develop standards for evaluating AI systems.

Enact the Ohio Right to Compute Act

The Ohio Right to Compute Act would bar state agencies and local governments from restricting anyone's lawful use, development, deployment or possession of computing resources, including AI and machine learning systems, unless the restriction is narrowly tailored to a compelling governmental interest, such as critical infrastructure reliability, fraud, protecting minors from nonconsensual deepfakes, or rules for employees' AI use. Anyone operating an AI system that controls critical infrastructure would need a risk management policy following the NIST AI framework or another recognized standard. The House Technology and Innovation Committee reported an amended version on June 10, 2026.

LIFT AI Act Literacy in Future Technologies Artificial Intelligence Act

The LIFT AI Act is a federal bill introduced to enhance AI literacy in K-12 education, with specifics to be confirmed upon release of the full bill text.

HUMAN CONTROL OF AI ACT

IL HB 4980: HUMAN CONTROL OF AI ACT mandates human oversight, impact assessments, and includes anti-retaliation measures, enforced by the Department of Labor.

Regulating high-risk artificial intelligence system development, deployment, and use.

HB2157 aims to regulate high-risk AI systems in Washington, based on the official description. Full bill text is needed for comprehensive analysis.

Requires an office within the department of financial services to establish minimum standards for large frontier developers' frontier AI frameworks to prevent unreasonable levels of catastrophic risk.

The bill mandates the department of financial services in New York to establish minimum standards for large frontier developers' AI frameworks to prevent unreasonable levels of catastrophic risk.

State contracts: report: modern foundation models and associated artificial intelligence systems.

AB 2653 mandates a working group to evaluate labor practices in AI development, reporting to the Legislature by December 31, 2027.

Artificial intelligence; statewide education program

Died in the Senate. The 'Getting Arizona Ready for AI Act' would have created a voluntary Arizona Artificial Intelligence Education Program in the Department of Education: a summer course open to any resident, teaching digital hygiene (algorithmic bias, data privacy, spotting AI-generated misinformation) and practical AI skills for small businesses. Public schools, universities and community colleges could have awarded credit for it. It passed the House but was held in the Senate and died when the Legislature adjourned on June 13, 2026.

Fostering Access, Innovation, and Responsibility in Artificial Intelligence Act; established.

The FAIR AI Act mandates disclosures in AI model terms of service, specifying elements like data usage and model limitations, limits defenses in harm-related legal actions, and supports enforcement against AI misuse.

Regulates the development and use of certain artificial intelligence systems to prevent algorithmic discrimination; requires independent audits of high risk AI systems; provides for enforcement by the attorney general as well as a private right of action.

The New York AI Act regulates AI systems to prevent algorithmic discrimination, mandates independent audits for high-risk systems, and includes enforcement by the attorney general and a private right of action. The absence of definitions and specific requirements is based on the lack of full bill text, not necessarily the bill itself.

Protect Elections from Deceptive AI Act

This bill prohibits the distribution of materially deceptive AI-generated media related to federal candidates.

Protect Elections from Deceptive AI Act

HB5272 aims to prohibit distributing materially deceptive AI-generated media about federal candidates. Specific details are not confirmed without the full bill text.

Liquid Cooling for AI Act of 2025

The Liquid Cooling for AI Act of 2025 directs a technology assessment on liquid cooling systems for AI compute clusters and high-performance computing facilities.

Liquid Cooling for AI Act of 2025

The Liquid Cooling for AI Act of 2025 directs a technology assessment on liquid-cooling systems for AI compute clusters and mandates best-practice guidance for Federal agencies.

Protecting Consumers from Deceptive AI Act

The bill mandates the establishment of task forces to create standards for identifying generative AI content and requires disclosures for such content.