Healthcare AI Compliance: State-by-State Legal Requirements 2026

Enacts the New York privacy act to require companies to disclose their methods of de-identifying personal information, to place special safeguards around data sharing and to allow consumers to obtain the names of all entities with whom their information is shared.

New York's A 8158 (the "New York privacy act") would add General Business Law Article 42-A (§§ 1200-1207). Among other consumer rights, people could opt out of "profiling in furtherance of decisions that produce legal or similarly significant effects" (such…

relative to the use of artificial intelligence to provide services requiring a professional license.

New Hampshire's SB 640 (2026), as amended by the Senate, would bar anyone from offering mental health or therapy services, including through AI, unless provided by a New Hampshire licensed mental health professional, reenact RSA 310:13 on unlicensed practice…

HEAL-AI Act Healthcare Education in AI Literacy Act

The federal H.R. 6077 (HEAL-AI Act, Healthcare Education in AI Literacy Act) would amend the Public Health Service Act to create a Health Resources and Services Administration competitive grant program, with grants of up to $100,000 a year, for medical…

Companion chatbots: crisis interruption pauses.

California's AB 1988, the Preventing AI User Self Endangerment (PAUSE) Act, would have required companion chatbot operators to adopt a public policy for credible crisis expressions (intent to harm self or others), warn the user on the first one, and on a…

Advertisement claims: health-related consumer products and services: digital replicas and synthetic performers.

California's SB 1146 (Gonzalez) would add Business and Professions Code 651.4, requiring a person who creates an advertisement for a health-related consumer product or service that includes a digital replica or synthetic performer depicted as a health care…

Algorithmic Addiction Fund - Establishment

Maryland's SB 602 (2026, first reader text, cross-filed with HB 715) would have created the Algorithmic Addiction Fund, administered by the Maryland Department of Health, to hold civil penalties the State receives from judgments or settlements over harm to…

Algorithmic Addiction Fund – Establishment

Maryland's HB 715 (2026, first reader text, cross-filed with SB 602) would have created the Algorithmic Addiction Fund, administered by the Maryland Department of Health, to hold civil penalties the State receives from judgments or settlements over harm to…

Consumer Protection - High-Risk Artificial Intelligence - Developer and Deployer Requirements

Maryland's SB 936 (2025) would have added Commercial Law sections 14-47A-01 to 14-47A-08 requiring developers and deployers of high-risk AI systems used for consequential decisions to use reasonable care against algorithmic discrimination starting February…

Consumer Protection - Companion Chatbots - Regulation

Maryland's HB 952 (2026, third reader text) would have required operators of companion chatbots available to Maryland users to keep and publish self-harm and minor sexual-content protocols, display warnings that the chatbot is not human (a persistent…

Relating To The Patients' Bill Of Rights.

Hawaii's HB 2537 (2026), the Patients' Bill of Rights, would have amended HRS chapter 432E for managed care plans. It would set prior authorization deadlines (one business day urgent, three non-urgent), require notice and independent board-certified…

Relating To Artificial Intelligence.

Hawaii's SB 2967 (2026) would have added a part to HRS chapter 480 regulating businesses ('deployers') that use AI systems or automated decision tools with consumers. They would have to disclose AI interactions, give notice and explanation, correction,…

Relating To Health Care.

Hawaii's SB 2768 (2026) would have barred health carriers and utilization review organizations from using AI, algorithms or software tools to deny, delay or modify a determination to provide health care services, and would have required a licensed health…

Relating To Artificial Intelligence.

Hawaii's HB 2500 (2026) would have added a chapter on algorithmic decision systems. Developers would have to give deployers risk disclosures; deployers would have to give notice before use and post-decision information (including the 20 most influential…

Artificial intelligence chatbot technology requirements provided, and cause of action for harm created.

Not law. Minnesota's HF 4452 would have added Minn. Stat. 604.115 barring chatbot proprietors from letting chatbots give substantive medical, mental health or legal advice that would require a license, with a private right of action a notice could not waive,…

Algorithm and AI use prohibited during health insurance prior authorization request review.

Minnesota's HF 2500 would have barred a health carrier from using an algorithm or artificial intelligence program when deciding whether to approve or deny a prior authorization request. It would have applied to health plans offered, sold, issued or renewed…

Prior authorization usage of algorithms or artificial intelligence prohibition provision

Minnesota's SF 3984 would have barred a health carrier from using an algorithm or artificial intelligence program when deciding whether to approve or deny a prior authorization request. It would have applied to health plans offered, sold, issued or renewed…

AI for America Act

The AI for America Act (H.R. 6304) would require the Office of Science and Technology Policy to submit an AI action plan to Congress by July 31, 2027, identify regulatory barriers to AI adoption in healthcare, scientific research and transportation, and have…

Mandatory Human Reviews of Insurance Claim Denials

Not law: passed the House but died in the Senate when the session ended. Florida's CS/CS/HB 527 (2026) would have let workers' compensation carriers, insurers and HMOs use AI to help process claims but barred AI from being the sole basis for denying or…

An act relating to artificial intelligence

Vermont's H.821 (2026) would have required anyone using generative AI to interact with consumers to clearly disclose, when asked, that the consumer is dealing with AI, and would have required licensed professionals to disclose high-risk generative AI…

An act relating to the use of artificial intelligence in health care coverage decisions

Vermont's H.776 (2026) would have added 18 V.S.A. 9423 on AI in health care coverage decisions. A health plan using an AI tool, algorithm or software for utilization review would have had to base determinations on the insured's clinical history and…

Artificial Intelligence Amendments

Utah's HB 452 regulates mental health chatbots: generative AI that holds therapy-like conversations and that the supplier represents, or a reasonable person would believe, can provide mental health therapy or help manage mental health conditions. Suppliers…

DFPR-AI-MENTAL HEALTH SERVICE

Illinois's HB 5649 (103rd General Assembly) would have made it an unlawful practice under the Consumer Fraud Act for a licensed mental health professional to provide mental health services through AI without first obtaining the patient's informed consent and…

Establishes requirements for health insurance issuers using artificial intelligence or automated decision systems. (8/1/26)

Louisiana's SB246 would have set rules for health insurers, pharmacy benefit managers and independent review organizations that use AI or automated decision systems in utilization review: no use that denies, delays or modifies care, adverse determinations…

Provides for the regulation of mental health chatbots that use artificial intelligence technology. (gov sig)

Louisiana's SB5 would have required operators of AI mental health chatbots to disclose clearly that the chatbot is AI and not a human, to maintain protocols for suicidal ideation, self-harm and harm to others, and not to sell or share users' identifiable…

Relating to downcoding.

Not law. Oregon HB 4054 (2026) would have required health insurers that provide utilization review to tell a provider in writing, within two business days after payment, when AI, an algorithm or other software automatically downcoded a claim, giving the…

To Prohibit Healthcare Providers And Healthcare Insurers From Using Artificial Intelligence In The Delivery Of Healthcare Services Or The Generation Of Medical Records Unless Certain Requirements Are Met.

Arkansas HB 1816 (2025) would have added Ark. Code § 17-80-123 to bar healthcare providers and healthcare insurers from using artificial intelligence in delivering healthcare services or generating medical records, unless the AI is approved by the U.S. Food…

Requires healthcare providers and healthcare facilities to inform patients of the use of artificial intelligence to memorialize patient visits.

Rhode Island S 2570 Substitute A (2026), enacted as Chapter 372, the Use of Artificial Intelligence by Healthcare Providers Notification Act, requires healthcare providers and facilities that use AI to document in-person or telehealth visits to notify…

Relating to the regulation and reporting on the use of artificial intelligence systems by certain business entities and state agencies; providing civil penalties.

Texas HB 1709 (2025), as introduced, the Texas Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act, would have set duties for developers, distributors and deployers of high-risk AI systems that are a substantial factor in consequential decisions, with…

Relating to use of artificial intelligence in utilization review conducted for health benefit plans.

Texas HB 2922 (2025), as introduced, would have barred a utilization review agent from using an artificial intelligence-based algorithm as the sole basis for a decision to wholly or partly deny, delay, or modify health care services for an enrollee on…

Relating to the use of artificial intelligence by health care providers.

Texas HB 4455 (2025), as introduced, would have directed the Health and Human Services executive commissioner to adopt rules regulating health care providers' use of artificial intelligence. The rules would have required a provider using AI to use an…

Relating to the use of artificial intelligence-based algorithms by health benefit plan issuers, utilization review agents, health care providers, and physicians.

Texas SB 1411 (2025), as introduced, would have regulated AI-based algorithms in health coverage and care. Health benefit plan issuers and physicians could not discriminate on race, color, national origin, gender, age, vaccination status or disability using…

Relating to the use of artificial intelligence-based algorithms in utilization review conducted for certain health benefit plans.

Texas SB 1822 (2025), as engrossed, would have added Insurance Code Sec. 4201.156 requiring health benefit plan issuers and their utilization review agents to disclose whether they use AI-based algorithms in utilization review, ensure the algorithm and its…

AI Grand Challenges Act of 2026

The AI Grand Challenges Act would have the National Science Foundation set up an AI Grand Challenges Program within 12 months of enactment, awarding cash prizes of at least $1 million per winner for AI research that solves well-defined challenges in areas…

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 39, relative to criminal offenses.

As introduced, SB 1815 would have made it a crime to own an AI system that encourages a user to commit suicide. That AI provision was removed before passage. The enacted law, the Grace Anne Sparks Coercive Suicide Prevention Law of 2026 (Public Chapter…

Making it unlawful for a person to knowingly train artificial intelligence to encourage or support suicide or the unlawful killing of another person, provide emotional support, develop emotional relationships, act as a healthcare professional, simulate humans or encourage isolation.

Not law. SB 405 would have made it unlawful in Kansas to knowingly train AI, including chatbots, to encourage suicide or killing, give emotional support, act as a companion, pose as a licensed mental health or healthcare professional, act like a human…

AN ACT relating to artificial intelligence and declaring an emergency.

Not law. As passed by the House 88-7 on February 23, 2026, HB 455 would have barred anyone from providing or advertising therapy or psychotherapy in Kentucky, including through internet-based AI, unless a licensed professional performs it. Licensed…

Prohibits advertising artificial intelligence system as licensed mental health professional.

New Jersey's A5603 would bar anyone who develops or deploys an AI system in New Jersey from advertising or representing to the public that it is, or can act as, a licensed mental health professional. A violation would be an unlawful practice under the…

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 8, Chapter 27; Title 56 and Title 71, relative to health insurance.

Not law. SB 1261 would have regulated how Tennessee health insurers, TennCare and state employee plans use AI, algorithms and software in utilization review. Tools would have had to base decisions on the patient's own clinical history rather than group data…

An Act Prohibiting Health Insurers From Using Artificial Intelligence To Deny Health Insurance Claims.

Connecticut's HB 5590 (2025) was a short proposed bill with no operative text, stating its intent to amend the general statutes to prohibit any health insurer from using artificial intelligence to deny health insurance claims. It was referred to the…

A bill for an act relating to the requirements for chatbot deployers, including required protocols, limitations on data collection, and requirements for minors to interact with artificial intelligence companions and therapeutic chatbots, and providing civil penalties, punitive penalties, and civil…

Not law. HF 2204 would have required anyone offering a chatbot to the public in Iowa to keep protocols to detect, respond to and reduce harm to users, putting user safety first, and to collect only the data it needs. Deployers would have had to use age…

Artificial intelligence; Responsible Deployment of AI Systems Act; AI Council; AI Regulatory Sandbox Program; Artificial Intelligence Workforce Development Program; effective date.

Oklahoma's HB 1916 (2025-26), as introduced, would have created the Responsible Deployment of AI Systems Act, covering public agencies and private entities that deploy AI systems affecting people in Oklahoma. Deployers would classify AI systems by risk…

Hospital and Medical Services Utilization Review Act; requiring utilization review organization that uses AI to adhere to requirements; prohibiting AI from making certain determinations. Effective date.

Oklahoma's SB 1967 (2026), as introduced, would have amended the Hospital and Medical Services Utilization Review Act to set conditions on AI tools used in utilization review by review organizations and insurers, including that the tool not supplant provider…

Mental health professionals: artificial intelligence.

Vetoed. SB 903, the Wellness and Oversight for Psychological Resources Act, would have limited AI in California psychotherapy to administrative and supplementary support. Recording or transcribing sessions, or AI triage, would have needed the patient's…

THERAPY RESOURCES OVERSIGHT

Illinois' Public Act 104-0054 (HB 1806) creates the Wellness and Oversight for Psychological Resources Act. No one may provide, advertise or offer therapy or psychotherapy services to the public in Illinois, including through Internet-based AI, unless a…

AI Grand Challenges Act of 2026

The federal S. 3809 (AI Grand Challenges Act of 2026) would require the NSF Director, within 12 months after enactment, to establish an AI Grand Challenges Program of prize competitions in 16 areas such as cybersecurity, health and energy, with at least…

INS-ADVERSE DETERMINATION

Illinois' Public Act 103-0656 (HB 2472) is a broad health insurance act (explanation-of-benefits statements, prior authorization penalties, utilization review accreditation, adverse determinations). Its AI-related part covers algorithmic automated processes…

Relates to the use of artificial intelligence by insurers and clinical peer reviewers for utilization review; establishes additional notice requirements for adverse determinations.

New York's S 10241 (same as A 11048) would add Insurance Law § 338 and amend the Insurance and Public Health Laws to regulate insurers' use of AI-based algorithms in utilization review. Insurers would give written notice of AI use, submit the algorithms and…

Relating To The Hawaii Patients' Bill Of Rights And Responsibilities Act.

Hawaii's SB 2167 (2026) would have amended HRS chapter 432E, the Patients' Bill of Rights, to set prior authorization deadlines (one business day urgent, three non-urgent) and require that a denial initiated by an automated decision system be reviewed and…

Place requirements on the use of artificial intelligence systems by health carriers in making determinations about the provision of health care services.

South Dakota's SB 169 (2026) would have required health carriers that use AI, algorithms or other software for utilization review to base determinations on the patient's clinical history and circumstances, not rely solely on a group dataset, and apply the…

A bill for an act establishing requirements and guidelines for conversational AI services, and providing civil penalties, and including applicability provisions.

Iowa's HF 2507 (formerly HSB 611) would have required operators of conversational AI services to protect minors (AI disclosures, no unpredictable rewards, limits on sexual and human-like content), adopt suicide and self-harm protocols, and not pose as…

Health Insurance - Artificial Intelligence - Grievance Process and Reporting (AI Health Insurance Accountability Act of 2026)

Maryland's HB 795 (2026, the AI Health Insurance Accountability Act of 2026) would have required a carrier's internal grievance process to provide human review of adverse decisions made with AI, algorithms or other software tools, and added reporting of…

Adopt the Artificial Intelligence Consumer Protection Act

Not law. Nebraska LB642, introduced by Senator Bostar, would have enacted the Artificial Intelligence Consumer Protection Act. Developers and deployers of high-risk AI systems that make consequential decisions without human review would have had to use…

An Act Prohibiting Health Insurers From Using Artificial Intelligence As The Primary Method To Deny Health Insurance Claims.

Connecticut's HB 5587 (Rep. Menapace) is a proposed bill that would amend the general statutes to prohibit any health insurer from using artificial intelligence as the primary method to deny health insurance claims. The text is a one-sentence statement of…

HEALTH AI Act Healthcare Enhancement And Learning Through Harnessing Artificial Intelligence Act

The federal H.R. 5045 (HEALTH AI Act) would require the Secretary of Health and Human Services to establish a grant program for research on the use of generative AI in health care. Grants would go to universities, 501(c)(3) nonprofits and federal, State,…

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MEDICAL SERVICES – Adds to existing law to establish provisions regarding artifical intelligence medical services.

Idaho's H 945 (2026) would have enacted the AI Medical Services Act (new Title 54, chapter 60), creating an 11-member Board of Autonomous Medical Practice to license 'artificial intelligence augmented and autonomous service providers' (AAASPs) that deliver…

AI-Assisted Therapy Research

Illinois's HB 5003 (104th General Assembly) would amend the Wellness and Oversight for Psychological Resources Act so that its prohibitions on unauthorized therapy services do not apply to AI-assisted therapy or psychotherapy provided exclusively within a…

AI USE IN HEALTH INSURANCE ACT

Illinois's HB 5918 (103rd General Assembly) would have created the Artificial Intelligence Systems Use in Health Insurance Act. An insurer could not issue an adverse consumer outcome (denial, reduction or termination of plans or benefits) resulting solely…

Mental health service providers; use of artificial intelligence system, civil penalty.

Virginia's HB 668 (2026 Regular Session) would have let mental health service providers use AI for administrative and supplementary support but barred using AI to provide therapy or counseling without a provider. As introduced, violations carried a civil…

Insurance, Health, Accident - As introduced, creates the "Regulate Artificial Intelligence (AI) In Health Care Act." - Amends TCA Title 8, Chapter 27; Title 56 and Title 71.

Tennessee's SB 2010 (114th General Assembly), the "Regulate Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Health Care Act," would have barred, on or after July 1, 2026, a health insurance issuer that uses AI, an algorithm or other software tool for utilization review or…

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 8, Chapter 27; Title 56 and Title 71, relative to health insurance.

Tennessee's HB 1382 (114th General Assembly) would have required a health insurance issuer that uses AI, an algorithm or other software tool for utilization review or management based on medical necessity to ensure the tool bases decisions on the enrollee's…

Insurance; use of artificial intelligence in making certain decisions regarding coverage; prohibit

Georgia's HB 887 (2023-2024 session) would have barred coverage determinations, healthcare actions and public-assistance decisions based solely on the results of AI or automated decision tools, and required that such decisions be meaningfully reviewed by an…

Regulate the use of artificial intelligence by health insurers

Ohio's HB 579, the House companion to SB 164 with identical text, would add section 3902.80 requiring health plan issuers to report annually to the superintendent of insurance on their use of AI-based algorithms in utilization review, and barring decisions…

Modifies provisions relating to medical malpractice for the use of artificial intelligence by health care providers

Missouri's SB 1598 would provide that a medical malpractice claim includes a health care provider's negligent use, selection or implementation of artificial intelligence, or undue, detrimental or erroneous reliance on it, in diagnosing, treating and caring…

Creates provisions relating to artificial intelligence in mental health

Missouri's HB 2318, as introduced, would bar any person or entity that develops or deploys artificial intelligence in the state from advertising or representing to the public that the AI is, or can act as, a mental health professional or provide therapy…

An Act regulating the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in providing mental health services

Massachusetts' H 1974 (193rd General Court, 2023-2024) would have required a licensed mental health professional who wants to provide mental health services through AI to first seek approval from the relevant licensing board, keep the AI system continuously…

Health care professions: deceptive terms or letters: artificial intelligence.

California's AB 489 (Bus. & Prof. Code §§ 4999.8-4999.9) makes the laws barring use of terms, letters or phrases that imply a health care license one does not hold enforceable against anyone who develops or deploys AI or generative AI that uses them in its…

Enact the Enhanced Cybersecurity for SNAP Act

Ohio's SB 315 (the Enhanced Cybersecurity for SNAP Act and the Ohio Medicaid Program Integrity and Fraud Prevention Act) adds a human-in-the-loop rule for automated Medicaid decisions. When the Department of Medicaid uses automated review tools, including…

Memorializes the United States Congress to take action relative to the use of artificial intelligence in health care

Louisiana's HR 313 is a House resolution, adopted 94-0 on June 10, 2025, that memorializes the United States Congress to act immediately to keep physicians in full control of medical decisions with AI as a support tool rather than a replacement, set…

AN ACT relating to mental health chatbots.

Kentucky's HB 641 (the Artificial Intelligence in Mental Health Act, as introduced) would add sections to KRS Chapter 367 regulating suppliers of mental health chatbots, AI systems that use generative AI to hold therapy-like conversations. Suppliers could…

Requires experts in professional fields to be consulted when developing and maintaining artificial intelligence technology for use in such fields.

New York's A 9219 would add General Business Law §§ 1710 to 1715. A developer of AI intended for a professional domain regulated under Title Eight of the Education Law would have to show that a licensed professional domain expert with three or more years of…

Relating to disclosure of the use of artificial intelligence in the denial of insurance claims.

Texas HB 4635 (Rep. Garcia Hernandez) would have required an insurer or health maintenance organization that denies a claim based on a determination made by artificial intelligence to give the claimant, with the denial notice, a written disclosure that AI…

Provides that health insurance plans would provide coverage the use of artificial intelligence technology for analysis of breast tissue diagnostic imaging.

Rhode Island H 8073 (2024), as introduced on March 15, 2024, would require individual and group health insurance contracts and plans delivered, issued or renewed in Rhode Island on or after January 1, 2025 to cover the use of AI technology for analysis of…

Health care services: artificial intelligence.

California requires hospitals and other health facilities, clinics, physician offices and group practices that use generative AI to write or speak patient communications about clinical information to include a disclaimer that the message was AI-generated and…

Relating to regulation of the use of artificial intelligence systems in this state; providing civil penalties.

Texas's HB 149, the Texas Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act, bars developing or deploying AI intended to incite self-harm, harm to others or crime, with intent to unlawfully discriminate against a protected class (disparate impact alone is…

Relating to electronic health record requirements; authorizing a civil penalty.

Texas's SB 1188 is an electronic health record (EHR) law. Health care practitioners may use AI for diagnostic purposes, including recommendations on a diagnosis or course of treatment based on a patient's medical record, if acting within their license, the…

Relating to artificial intelligence mental health services.

Texas HB 1265 (2025), as introduced, would have barred anyone from providing AI mental health services in Texas unless the AI application is approved by the Health and Human Services Commission and a licensed mental health professional is available at all…

Relating To The Use Of Artificial Intelligence In Health Care.

Hawaii's Senate Bill 2281 (2026), as amended in SD 1, would have set rules for health care providers using artificial intelligence. Providers would have had to disclose AI in remote patient communications and, for AI-assisted decisions with a significant…

Technology; deployers; AI chatbots; minors; age verification systems; emergency situations; effective date.

Oklahoma's HB 4083 (2026), as introduced, would have required deployers of generative AI chatbots to keep human-like features and social AI companions away from minors (under 18) using reasonable age verification, with an exception for qualifying therapeutic…

Rural health care; Alabama Health Command established to designate an AI-assisted health platform in rural communities

Alabama's HB 280 would create the Alabama Health Command, an independent agency under a director appointed by the Governor, to designate an Alabama-headquartered business to develop a uniform virtual AI-assisted health platform for rural communities. The…

Revises provisions relating to health insurance. (BDR 57-238)

Nevada's AB 295 (2025) would have set prior authorization deadlines for health carriers (5 days non-urgent, 48 hours urgent, replacing 20 days) and required carriers using AI or automated decision tools for prior authorization to notify insureds in writing,…

Artificial intelligence; nursing tasks; pilot

Arizona's HB 4080 (2026) would have established an artificial intelligence nursing innovation pilot program in the Department of Health Services to develop and test AI that performs nursing-adjacent tasks or workflows in a clinical setting. The department…

Various mental health and insurance matters.

Indiana's HB 1201 (2026) would have barred using an AI system to impersonate or substitute for a licensed mental health professional in interactions that must be performed by one (discipline under IC 25-1-9; a board could impose a civil penalty of up to…

Commerce policy bill (Laws 2026, chapter 124), including article 3, section 6 barring utilization review organizations from using artificial intelligence exclusively to make adverse determinations

Minnesota's 2026 commerce omnibus (Laws 2026, chapter 124) adds an AI rule to the state's utilization review law. Article 3, section 6 amends Minn. Stat. 62M.09, subd. 3 to prohibit a utilization review organization from exclusively using artificial…

Automated Decision-Making Technology

Colorado's SB 26-189 repeals and reenacts the 2024 AI Act as rules for automated decision-making technology (ADMT) that materially influences consequential decisions such as hiring, lending, housing and health care. Developers must document covered ADMT for…

Health insurance; review agents; artificial intelligence system; adverse determinations; effective date.

Oklahoma's HB 3675 (2026), as introduced, would have required a qualified human professional to review any adverse determination made by an algorithm, AI system or automated decision system in utilization review before it is finalized, let the Insurance…

An Act to Prohibit the Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Denial of Health Insurance Claims

Not law. Maine's LD 1301 would have set conditions, beginning January 1, 2026, on health insurance carriers and their contractors that use artificial intelligence in medical or utilization review decisions to approve, deny, delay or modify coverage. Despite…

An Act Concerning Broadband Internet, Gaming, Social Media, Online Services and Consumer Contracts

Public Act 25-113 overhauls the Connecticut Data Privacy Act's rules on automated decision-making. From July 1, 2026, consumers can opt out of profiling used for any automated decision with legal or similarly significant effects (housing, insurance, health…

Health care services: artificial intelligence.

California's AB 1979 sets rules for AI in clinical care. Health facilities such as hospitals, clinics, physician offices and group practices must take reasonable steps so licensed providers keep independent professional judgment whenever care is informed by…

Making improvements to transparency and accountability in the prior authorization determination process.

Chapter 157, Laws of 2026 regulates AI in health insurance prior authorization (RCW 48.43.830 for carriers and RCW 41.05.845 for public employee plans). AI may not be the sole means of denying, delaying or modifying care, and algorithms may approve requests…

Health Insurance; prohibiting issue of outcomes with AI; requiring decisions to be made by provider; requiring disclosures. Emergency.

Oklahoma's SB 2038 (2026), as introduced, would have barred a health insurance issuer from issuing an adverse consumer outcome (denial, reduction or termination of coverage or benefits) that results from an AI system, required a licensed professional to…

Relating to the use of nursing titles.

Oregon's HB 2748 (Chapter 378, Oregon Laws 2025) adds a rule to the Nurse Practice Act (ORS 678.010 to 678.410): a nonhuman entity, including an agent powered by artificial intelligence, may not use the titles Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN),…

Health care coverage: utilization review.

SB 1120 amended Health and Safety Code 1367.01 and Insurance Code 10123.135. Health plans and disability insurers that use an AI, algorithm or other software tool for utilization review must ensure it bases decisions on the enrollee's medical history and…

NETWORK ADEQUACY-STANDARDS

The Health Care Protection Act is a broad health insurance reform covering network adequacy, prior authorization, step therapy and short-term plans. Its automated decision provision amends Section 85 of the Managed Care Reform and Patient Rights Act (215…

Hospitals, nursing homes, and certified nursing facilities; patient access to intelligent personal assistant.

Virginia HB 2154 (2021 Special Session I) directs the Board of Health to require hospitals, nursing homes and certified nursing facilities to have policies allowing patients to use their own intelligent personal assistant during an inpatient stay. An…

Health; restrictions on sale and dispensing of contact lenses with respect to physicians; revise provisions

HB 203 (Act 233 of 2023) regulates automated and AI tools for remote eye assessments. It defines an 'assessment mechanism' as automated or virtual equipment, applications or technology used in person or via telemedicine to conduct an eye assessment,…

Adopt the Ensuring Transparency in Prior Authorization Act and provide for insurance and medicaid coverage of biomarker testing

Nebraska's LB 77 (2025) adopts the Ensuring Transparency in Prior Authorization Act. Its AI section says an artificial intelligence-based algorithm may not be the sole basis for a utilization review agent's decision to deny, delay or modify health care…

An Act Prohibiting Health Insurers From Using Software Tools To Automatically Downcode Health Insurance Claims.

Connecticut's Proposed SB 817 (2025), introduced by Sen. Looney, would have amended title 38a of the general statutes to prohibit any health insurer from using a software tool, including artificial intelligence or an algorithm, to automatically downcode or…

An act relating to consumer data privacy and online surveillance

Vermont's S.71 (Act 145) adds the Vermont Data Privacy and Online Surveillance Act. It covers businesses that in the prior year processed personal data of at least 35,000 Vermonters or sensitive data of at least 3,000, or offered for sale personal data of at…

Enacting the use of artificial intelligence in medical decisions transparency act and requiring that all medical necessity determinations be made by a competent licensed physician or healthcare professional.

Kansas's SB 467 (2026) would have enacted the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Decisions Transparency Act. Health insurers and utilization review organizations using AI, algorithms or software tools for utilization review would have had to ensure…

Psychotherapy Artificial Intelligence Restrictions

Colorado's HB 26-1195 limits how licensed mental health professionals and others lawfully providing psychotherapy use AI. They may use it for administrative and supplementary support (e.g. scheduling, billing) if they stay responsible for reviewing its…

Imposes liability for damages caused by a chatbot impersonating certain licensed professionals

New York's S 7263-A would add General Business Law § 390-f. A chatbot operator could not knowingly let its chatbot impersonate a licensed professional (a profession licensed under listed Education Law articles, or an attorney) in a way that would be a crime…

Health Insurance - Artificial Intelligence, Adverse Decisions, and Grievances - Reporting Requirements

Maryland's HB 697 (2025) would have required each health insurance carrier to report quarterly to the Insurance Commissioner on how it creates, deploys and uses artificial intelligence or automated decision-making systems (new Insurance section 15-147), and…

Relating To Insurance.

Hawaii's SB 2953 (2026) would have set rules for insurers' use of AI: a written AI governance program, testing and monitoring, clinician review of AI-supported adverse health determinations, and limits on adverse residential property underwriting actions…

AI USE IN HEALTH INSURANCE ACT

Illinois's HB 35 (engrossed, with House Floor Amendment 1) would create the Artificial Intelligence Systems Use in Health Insurance Act. A health insurance issuer could not issue an adverse consumer outcome denying, reducing or terminating coverage or…

AI Chatbots - Licensing/Safety/Privacy

North Carolina's S 624 (as filed) would require a Department of Justice license to operate or distribute a chatbot that deals substantially with health information, with a $50,000 civil penalty for violating G.S. 114B-5. It would also create a Chatbot Safety…

Providing for consumer protection and for artificial intelligence and chatbots; imposing duties on the Bureau of Consumer Protection in the Office of Attorney General; and imposing penalties.

Pennsylvania's HB 2175 (Printer's No. 2831) would add Chapter 71 to Title 12 on AI chatbots that use generative AI to converse with consumers and are represented as helping manage a situation or treat a condition, including mental health. Suppliers could not…

Requires collection of data by health insurers regarding health insurance claims and decisions made using automated utilization management systems.

New Jersey's S1029 would require health insurers (payers) to keep and report data on claims, including denials, appeals and prior-authorization outcomes, and would make them disclose whether they use an automated utilization management system (a system that…

Algorithmic Addiction Fund - Establishment

Maryland's HB 1119 (2024) would have created the Algorithmic Addiction Fund, a special nonlapsing fund in the Maryland Department of Health holding revenue the State receives from judgments or settlements with technology or social media companies, to pay for…

Relating To Algorithmic Discrimination.

Hawaii's HB 1607 (2024) would have added an Algorithmic Discrimination chapter. Covered entities (those holding data on more than 25,000 residents, over $15,000,000 in receipts, data brokers, or service providers) could not use algorithmic processes using…

TRANSPARENCY IN DOWNCODING ACT

Illinois's HB 4735 (104th General Assembly) would create the Transparency in Downcoding Act for certain health insurance policies. A health insurance issuer could not use an automated process, system or tool to downcode a claim, or downcode based solely on…

Registered Nurse Use of AI

Illinois's HB 4804 (104th General Assembly) would amend the Nurse Practice Act to set rules for registered nurses' use of AI, including a bar on substituting AI for nursing services, patient notice and confidentiality protections, and discipline for…

No AI in Health Care Pricing

Illinois's SB 3027 (104th General Assembly) would amend the Fair Patient Billing Act to prohibit all hospitals from using artificial intelligence to set or influence health care pricing or billing, using the Illinois Human Rights Act definition of AI.…

AI-Prescribing Medication

Illinois's SB 2993 (104th General Assembly) would amend the Medical Practice Act of 1987 to bar a licensee from allowing AI to prescribe medication unless the licensee keeps full control and responsibility for the prescription. It would set penalties and…

AI USE IN HEALTH INSURANCE ACT

Illinois's SB 1425 (104th General Assembly) would create the Artificial Intelligence Systems Use in Health Insurance Act. It would place an insurer's use of AI systems to make or support adverse determinations under Department of Insurance oversight, bar…

HEALTH CARE GENERATIVE AI USE

Illinois's SB 2259 (104th General Assembly) would add Section 67 to the Medical Practice Act of 1987. A health facility, clinic, physician's office or group practice office that uses generative AI to produce written or verbal patient communications about…

Health care services: artificial intelligence.

Vetoed. AB 2575 would have barred California employers from retaliating against workers providing direct patient care based solely on their override of, or reliance on, a clinical decision support system (AI that aids decisions on timing of care, diagnosis…

Relating To Artificial Intelligence.

Hawaii's HB 2176 (2024), as amended to HD 2, would have created an artificial intelligence working group in the Office of Enterprise Technology Services to develop acceptable use policies and guidelines for AI in the State. It would report by December 31,…

Relating To Algorithmic Discrimination.

Hawaii's SB 2524 (2024) would have added an Algorithmic Discrimination chapter. Covered entities (those holding data on more than 25,000 residents, over $15,000,000 in receipts, data brokers, or service providers) could not use algorithmic processes using…

AN ACT RELATING TO INSURANCE -- THE TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE USE BY HEALTH INSURERS TO MANAGE COVERAGE AND CLAIMS ACT

Rhode Island's proposed Transparency and Accountability in AI Use by Health Insurers to Manage Coverage and Claims Act. Health insurers, and contractors acting for them, would have to disclose to the health insurance commissioner and DBR how they use AI in…

A bill for an act relating to utilization review organizations, prior authorizations and exemptions, medical billing, and independent review organizations.

The bill addresses utilization review organizations, prior authorizations, and medical billing practices in Iowa.

Prescribes requirements and safeguards for the use of an artificial intelligence, algorithm, or other software tool for the purpose of utilization review for health and accident insurance.

New York's A 8556 would add Public Health Law § 4905-a and Insurance Law § 4905-a. A utilization review agent or disability insurer using AI, an algorithm or another software tool for utilization review based on medical necessity would have to base…

Artificial Intelligence Consumer Protection Amendments

Utah's SB 226 replaces the 2024 generative AI disclosure rules with Utah Code Title 13, Chapter 75. A supplier using generative AI with an individual in a consumer transaction must disclose it is AI, not a human, if the individual clearly asks. Regulated…

Concerning Artificial Intelligence, Algorithms, And Other Automated Technologies; And To Regulate Certain Practices Of Healthcare Insurers.

Arkansas HB 1297 (2025), as engrossed, would have added a subchapter (Ark. Code §§ 23-63-2101 to 2113) regulating healthcare insurers' use of AI and automated decision-making in utilization review. Insurers would have had to disclose algorithm details from…

An Act Prohibiting Health Carriers From Using Artificial Intelligence In The Evaluation And Determination Of Patient Care.

Connecticut's SB 447 (2025) was a short proposed bill with no operative text, stating its intent to amend title 38a of the general statutes to prohibit health carriers from using artificial intelligence in the evaluation and determination of patient care, to…

Makes various changes relating to health. (BDR 34-674)

Nevada's AB 406 bars public schools from using AI to perform school counselors', psychologists' and social workers' functions relating to pupils' mental health, and has the Department of Education develop a policy for AI use by staff providing those…

Establishes requirements for the use of artificial intelligence, algorithm, or other software tools in utilization review and management; defines artificial intelligence.

New York's A 3991 would add Insurance Law § 3224-e and define artificial intelligence in Insurance Law § 107(a). A health care service plan using an AI, algorithm or other software tool for utilization review or management would have to ensure it bases…

AUTOMATED DECISION TOOLS

Illinois's HB 5116 (103rd General Assembly) would have created the Automated Decision Tools Act. On or before January 1, 2026, and annually after, a deployer of an automated decision tool would have to perform an impact assessment, notify people subject to a…

Strategy for Public Health Preparedness and Response to Artificial Intelligence Threats

The federal S. 501 (Strategy for Public Health Preparedness and Response to Artificial Intelligence Threats) would require the HHS Secretary, within 180 days after enactment, to submit a strategy on public health preparedness and biodefense against misuse of…

Prohibits discrimination through the use of clinical algorithms; provides exceptions for clinical algorithms that rely on variables to appropriately make decisions, including to identify, evaluate, and address health disparities.

New York's A 3993 would add Insurance Law § 3243-a providing that an insurer subject to the article shall not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age or disability through the use of clinical algorithms in its decision-making,…

An Act to Regulate the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Providing Certain Mental Health Services

Maine's LD 2082 (Public Law chapter 687) bars any person from providing, advertising or offering therapy or psychotherapy services to the public, including through Internet-based AI, unless a licensed professional provides them; violations fall under the…

relative to the regulation of artificial intelligence technologies.

New Hampshire's HB 1725 (2026) would have created RSA chapter 359-V, "Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance": a 7-member AI council, AI interaction disclosures, bans on AI developed with intent to unlawfully discriminate or for social scoring,…

Provides for notice requirements where an insurer authorized to write accident and health insurance in this state, a corporation organized pursuant to article forty-three of this chapter, or a health maintenance organization certified pursuant to article forty-four of the public health law uses…

New York's A 1456 would add Insurance Law § 338 requiring accident and health insurers, Article 43 corporations and Article 44 HMOs to tell insureds on their public websites about their use or lack of use of AI-based algorithms in utilization review, to…

Regulates the use of artificial intelligence in the provision of therapy or psychotherapy services by prohibiting the use of artificial intelligence to assist in providing supplementary support where the session is recorded or transcribed unless the patient is informed of the specific purpose of…

New York's A 9106, the "oversight of technology in mental health care act," would add Education Law § 6517. Only a licensed professional could provide or offer therapy to the public in New York, including through internet-based AI. Professionals could use AI…

Relates to the development and use of certain artificial intelligence systems

New York's A 8884-A, the "New York AI act," would add Civil Rights Law §§ 105 to 115. Developers and deployers of high-risk AI used in consequential decisions (e.g. jobs, education, housing, health care, finance) would have to take reasonable care to prevent…

Relates to the use of artificial intelligence by insurers and clinical peer reviewers for utilization review; establishes additional notice requirements for adverse determinations.

New York's A 11048 would add Insurance Law § 338 on AI-based algorithms in utilization review. Insurers would have to notify insureds, enrollees and providers of AI use, submit their algorithms and training data to the Superintendent with a certification,…

Enacts the "New York artificial intelligence consumer protection act", in relation to preventing the use of artificial intelligence algorithms to discriminate against protected classes.

New York's S 1962, the New York artificial intelligence consumer protection act, would add General Business Law Article 45-A (sections 1550 to 1556). From January 1, 2027, developers and deployers of high-risk AI decision systems that make or substantially…

Regulates the use of artificial intelligence in the provision of therapy or psychotherapy services by prohibiting the use of artificial intelligence to assist in providing supplementary support where the session is recorded or transcribed unless the patient is informed of the specific purpose of…

New York's S 8484 would add Education Law § 6517 on AI in therapy and psychotherapy. A licensed professional could use AI only for supplementary support in recorded or transcribed sessions after written notice and the patient's consent, and could not let AI…

Relative to the use of artificial intelligence and other software tools in healthcare decision-making

Massachusetts S2632 would bar AI from denying, delaying or modifying health care on medical-necessity grounds, requiring a licensed professional to decide, and would limit AI in therapy: licensed therapists may use it only for administrative or supplementary…

Artificial intelligence, consumer protection

South Carolina's S 963 would enact the Consumer Protections in Interactions with Artificial Intelligence Systems Act (Chapter 31 of Title 37). Developers and deployers of high-risk AI systems used in consequential decisions would owe a duty of reasonable…

Health Claims & AI

South Carolina's S 443 would add Section 38-59-23 on health care coverage decisions made with artificial intelligence. Actions on coverage decisions could not be based solely on AI results or an automated decision-making tool, and a health care professional…

Mississippi Medical Judgement Protection Act; create.

Mississippi's HB 1717 (2026), the Mississippi Medical Judgment Protection Act, would require a provider or facility whose clinical AI materially contributes to a diagnosis, treatment plan, order or clinical note to disclose that in the medical record and…

To ensure accountability and transparency in artificial intelligence systems

Massachusetts H94 would add G.L. Chapter 93M requiring developers and deployers of high-risk AI systems used in consequential decisions (education, employment, lending, housing, health care, insurance, legal and government services) to guard against…

Providing consumer protections for artificial intelligence systems.

Washington's SB 6284 (1st substitute, 2026 session) would have required developers and deployers of high-risk AI systems used to make, or be a substantial factor in, consequential decisions on employment, housing, insurance, health care, education, lending,…

Regulating high-risk artificial intelligence system development, deployment, and use.

Washington's SB 6120 (2026 session), the Senate companion to HB 2157, would have required developers and deployers of high-risk AI systems, those intended to make or be a substantial factor in consequential decisions such as employment, lending, housing,…

A bill for an act relating to artificial intelligence, including the use of artificial intelligence to create materials related to elections and protections in interactions with artificial intelligence systems, and making penalties applicable.

Iowa's HSB 294 would require a disclosure on AI-generated election material that advocates for or against a candidate or ballot issue, and would create Code chapter 554I requiring developers and deployers of high-risk AI systems to use reasonable care…

Use of Artificial Intelligence in Psychological, Clinical, Counseling, and Therapy Services

Florida's SB 344 (Grall) would create ss. 490.016 and 491.019, prohibiting licensees from using AI in the practice of psychology and school psychology, and licensees, registered interns and certificateholders from using AI in clinical social work, marriage…

A bill for an act relating to chatbots, including deployer requirements and interactions with minors. (Formerly HSB 647.)

Iowa's HF 2715 (formerly HSB 647) would require deployers of AI companions, public-facing chatbots and therapeutic chatbots to keep harm-response and self-harm protocols, disclose at the start and every three hours that the user is talking to AI, and take…

Mental health and artificial intelligence working group.

California's SB 579 (as amended in the Senate March 26, 2025) would require the Secretary of Government Operations to appoint, on or before July 1, 2026, a mental health and artificial intelligence working group to evaluate AI's role in mental health…

Artificial intelligence; regulate use in health coverage decisions

Alabama's HB 515 (2025, as introduced) would have limited how health insurers use AI, algorithms or other software in utilization review. Medical necessity determinations would always have been made by a licensed physician or other competent health care…

Artifical intelligence; prohibit use of in professional mental and behavioral health care.

Mississippi's HB 1048 (2026, as introduced) would have barred AI providers from offering AI systems programmed to provide professional mental or behavioral health care, or claiming such systems can provide it, and barred licensed mental health professionals…

A bill for an act relating to provider requirements concerning the mental health of users of an artificial intelligence chatbot, and providing civil penalties.

Iowa's SF 2415 would bar AI chatbot providers from offering or simulating professional mental health advice or claiming to be a licensed professional, require crisis-referral protocols and repeated AI disclosures, and make violations unfair practices…

Insurance: health insurers; use of artificial intelligence tools to make decisions regarding claims; prohibit. Amends 1956 PA 218 (MCL 500.100 - 500.8302) by adding sec. 3406ss.

Michigan's HB 4536 would add section 3406ss to the Insurance Code of 1956 providing that an insurer that delivers, issues for delivery, or renews in Michigan a health insurance policy shall not deny, modify, or delay a claim based on a review using…

Human services: medical services; use of artificial intelligence tools to make decisions regarding claims; prohibit. Amends 1939 PA 280 (MCL 400.1 - 400.119b) by adding sec. 107b.

Michigan's HB 4537 would add section 107b to the social welfare act (1939 PA 280) providing that the department or a contracted health plan shall not deny, modify, or delay a claim under the medical assistance program based on a review using artificial…

Promotes transparency and accountability in the use of artificial intelligence by health insurers to manage coverage and claims.

Rhode Island H 7190 (2026), as introduced on January 21, 2026, would add chapter 27-84 requiring health insurers to disclose to OHIC and DBR how they use AI to manage claims and coverage and to keep records of AI decisions for at least five years. A…

Health Tech Investment Act

The federal H.R. 6197 (Health Tech Investment Act) would amend Medicare's hospital outpatient payment rules so, for services furnished on or after January 1, 2026, algorithm-based healthcare services, meaning FDA-cleared or approved devices using AI or…

Relative to AI health communications and informed patient consent

Massachusetts' H 1210 would give patients the right to be told when health information they get was generated by AI, with instructions for reaching a human provider if the provider had not reviewed it. Health insurance carriers would have to disclose AI or…

Creates provisions relating to artificial intelligence in mental health

Missouri's SB 1444 (Senate Committee Substitute, 2026) would have added Section 407.3007, RSMo, barring anyone who develops or deploys AI in the state from advertising or representing that the AI is, or can act as, a mental health professional or provide…

RISE Act of 2025 Responsible Innovation and Safe Expertise Act of 2025

The RISE Act would shield AI developers from civil liability for errors made by their AI products when licensed or certified professionals use them to serve clients, if the developer publishes a model card and its model specification (including system…

Relative to health carrier recordkeeping requirements in utilization review, including specifications regarding the use of artificial intelligence.

New Hampshire's HB 1406 (2026), as amended by the House, would require health carriers to keep written records on their use of algorithms and AI in utilization review and require adverse determinations, including payment reductions and down coding, to be…

Disclosure of artificial intelligence use in health care.

Indiana's HB 1620 would have required a health care provider that uses AI technology to make or inform any decision in a patient's care, or to generate any part of a communication to the patient (including through a chat bot), to disclose that use to the…

Directs professional and occupational boards to promulgate rules for licensee use of generative artificial intelligence.

New Jersey's A4731, in its first reprint, would direct the Director of the Division of Consumer Affairs to adopt rules within six months setting a model policy for licensee use of generative AI, and each professional and occupational board to adopt it within…

Instructing the enrolling clerk of the senate to make corrections in S.B. No. 1964.

Artificial intelligence; prohibit use in provision of professional mental and behaioral health care.

Mississippi's HB 1720 (2026) would bar licensed mental and behavioral health professionals (counselors, psychologists, social workers, marriage and family therapists, art and music therapists) from using AI in their practice, except for administrative and…

Providing for artificial intelligence in facilities, for artificial intelligence use by insurers and for artificial intelligence use by MA or CHIP managed care plans; imposing duties on the Department of Health, the Insurance Department and the Department of Human Services; and imposing penalties.

Pennsylvania's SB 1113 (2025-26) would add rules for AI in health care facilities, AI use by insurers and AI use by MA or CHIP managed care plans, with duties for the departments of Health, Insurance and Human Services and penalties. The captured text covers…

Providing for the use of artificial intelligence in mental health therapy and for enforcement.

Pennsylvania's HB 1993 (2025-26), the Artificial Intelligence in Mental Health Therapy Act, would bar mental health professionals from using AI to support recorded or transcribed therapy sessions without written notice and patient consent, bar AI providers…

Establishing the Comprehensive Massachusetts Consumer Data Privacy Act

Massachusetts S 33 would create a comprehensive consumer data privacy act. After a joint committee hearing on April 9, 2025, the committee folded it into new draft S2516 on May 12, 2025, so S33 itself does not move further. The successor, redrafted as S2608…

Consumer protection: privacy; personal data privacy act; create. Creates new act.

Michigan's SB 359 would create a Personal Data Privacy Act giving consumers rights over personal data, including opting out of profiling in furtherance of solely automated decisions with legal or similarly significant effects. Introduced June 5, 2025 and…

Protecting consumers in interactions with artificial intelligence systems

Massachusetts's H 97 would add Chapter 93M requiring developers and deployers of high-risk AI systems (those making or substantially influencing decisions on education, employment, finance, government services, health care, housing, insurance or legal…

Regulates the development and use of certain artificial intelligence systems to prevent algorithmic discrimination; requires independent audits of high risk AI systems; provides for enforcement by the attorney general as well as a private right of action.

New York's S 1169-B would regulate high-risk AI systems used in consequential decisions on employment, education, housing, health, finance and legal services. Developers and deployers would have to take reasonable care against algorithmic discrimination,…

Enacts the New York Artificial Intelligence Civil Rights Act establishing protections for individual rights with respect to computational algorithms; establishes protections against the use of algorithms involved in consequential decisions, such as those that impact people's rights, civil…

New York's A 9654 (the New York Artificial Intelligence Civil Rights Act) would bar developers and deployers from using covered algorithms in consequential actions (such as employment, housing, credit, health care, insurance, education, criminal justice and…

Right to Override Act

The federal S. 2997 (Right to Override Act) would require covered entities that employ or engage health care professionals and use AI clinical decision support (AI/CDSS) to adopt an override policy, train staff and run an AI/CDSS committee, and would bar…

Regulate the use of artificial intelligence by health insurers

Ohio's SB 164 would add section 3902.80 requiring health plan issuers to report annually to the superintendent of insurance on their use of AI-based algorithms in utilization review, and barring decisions about a covered person's care, including denials,…

AI Chatbots-Licensing, Safety, and Privacy.

SB 963 would require a state license from the North Carolina Department of Justice to operate or distribute any chatbot dealing substantially with health information, with evidence of effectiveness, insurance, encryption, fast breach reporting and annual…

Requires healthcare providers and healthcare facilities to inform patients of the use of artificial intelligence to memorialize patient visits.

Rhode Island's H 7538 Sub A adds Chapter 23-106 to the General Laws. Healthcare providers and healthcare facilities that use AI to document in-person or telehealth visits must notify patients of the use of AI for that sole purpose and review the AI-generated…

AI-Ready Bio-Data Standards Act

The federal H.R. 7907 (AI-Ready Bio-Data Standards Act) would have the NIST Director, within 2 years after enactment, facilitate definitions, standards, resources and frameworks to make biological datasets from qualified federally funded research AI-ready,…

AI in Health Care Efficiency and Study Act

The federal H.R. 7064 (AI in Health Care Efficiency and Study Act) would require the Secretary of Health and Human Services, not later than 18 months after enactment, to conduct a study of strategies for applying AI across the health care industry to improve…

Artificial Intelligence Civil Rights Act of 2025

The federal S. 3308 (Artificial Intelligence Civil Rights Act of 2025) would bar developers and deployers from offering or using a covered algorithm in a way that causes or contributes to disparate impact or otherwise discriminates based on a protected…

MIND Act of 2025 Management of Individuals’ Neural Data Act of 2025

The federal S. 2925 (MIND Act of 2025) would direct the FTC to study the governance of neural data and related biometric and behavioral data, including how AI changes the risks, and report to Congress within 1 year after enactment, with $10,000,000…

Algorithmic Accountability Act of 2025

The federal H.R. 5511 (Algorithmic Accountability Act of 2025) would direct the FTC to issue regulations within 2 years requiring covered entities to assess the impact of covered algorithms before and after deployment and file summary reports. Covered…

Artificial intelligence; AI devices in health care; qualified end-user; deployer; quality assurance program; State Department of Health; effective date.

Oklahoma's HB 1915, as introduced, would require AI devices used in health care that are medical devices under federal law to be deployed under FDA rules and used only by a qualified end-user (a licensed physician able to perform the task without the…

Healthy Technology Act of 2025

The federal H.R. 238 (Healthy Technology Act of 2025) would amend section 503(b) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act so that "practitioner licensed by law to administer such drug" includes AI and machine learning technology that is authorized by a…

Use of Artificial Intelligence in Health Care

Colorado's HB 26-1139 regulates AI in utilization review. Insurers, PBMs, utilization review organizations, behavioral health administrative services organizations and managed care entities that use it must ensure the AI relies on the individual's clinical…

AI-Ready Bio-Data Standards Act

The federal S. 4069 (AI-Ready Bio-Data Standards Act) would require the Director of NIST, within 2 years of enactment, to establish definitions, standards, resources and frameworks so that biological datasets from qualified federally funded research are…

Provides for notice requirements where an insurer authorized to write accident and health insurance in this state, a corporation organized pursuant to article forty-three of this chapter, or a health maintenance organization certified pursuant to article forty-four of the public health law uses…

New York's A 9149 (2023-2024 session) would have added Insurance Law § 338. Accident and health insurers, article 43 corporations and certified HMOs would have had to post on their websites whether they use AI-based algorithms in utilization review, submit…

Algorithmic Addiction Fund - Establishment

Maryland's SB 739 (2024) would have created the Algorithmic Addiction Fund, a special nonlapsing fund holding revenue the State receives from judgments or settlements with technology or social media companies on State-law damages claims, plus money…

TRANSPARENCY IN DOWNCODING ACT

The Transparency in Downcoding Act regulates how health care payors reduce the billing code on medical claims. Section 15 prohibits a payor from implementing any policy or using any algorithm or other automated process, system or tool that bypasses…

Delivery of professional services preclusion through artificial intelligence directly to consumers

Not law. Minnesota's SF 4927 would have added Minn. Stat. 325F.701, barring the owner of an AI model, or any business or person using one, from letting the model provide a professional service (one the state licenses, certifies or registers) to a consumer…

Prohibits advertising artificial intelligence system as licensed mental health professional.

New Jersey's A799 would bar anyone who develops or deploys an artificial intelligence system in New Jersey from advertising or representing that the system is, or can act as, a licensed mental health professional. A violation would be an unlawful practice…

REGISTERED NURSE USE OF AI

Illinois's SB 3702 would amend the Nurse Practice Act to bar AI systems from providing nursing services in place of a registered professional nurse in direct patient care, require a nurse to get patient consent before AI records or analyzes an encounter, and…

Algorithmic Accountability Act of 2025

The federal S. 2164 (Algorithmic Accountability Act of 2025) would direct the FTC to issue regulations within 2 years requiring covered entities that deploy automated decision systems in critical decisions to assess their impact before and after deployment…

Health care plans; to regulate the use of artificial intelligence in determinations of coverage

Alabama's SB 63 (Act 2026-589) limits how health benefit plan providers, including insurers, HMOs and utilization review contractors, use AI in prior authorization. AI-assisted medical necessity determinations must rest on the enrollee's medical history,…

Use of artificial intelligence in psychotherapy services regulated, and civil penalties provided.

Not law. Minnesota's HF 3893 (2nd engrossment) would have added Minn. Stat. 214.165, barring anyone from offering therapy or psychotherapy to the public unless a licensed professional conducts it, and barring licensed professionals from using AI to make…

Prohibits advertising artificial intelligence system as licensed mental health professional.

New Jersey's S4463 would bar anyone who develops or deploys an AI system in New Jersey from advertising or representing to the public that it is, or can act as, a licensed mental health professional. A violation would be an unlawful practice under the…

Relating to the use of certain automated systems in, and certain adverse determinations made in connection with, the health benefit claims process.

Texas's SB 815 bars utilization review agents from using an automated decision system to make, wholly or partly, an adverse determination (a finding that health care services are not medically necessary or appropriate, or are experimental or…

A bill for an act relating to the licensure of artificial intelligence augmented and autonomous service providers, and including penalties.

Iowa's HSB 766, a House Appropriations study bill, would create a board of autonomous medical practice to license AI augmented and autonomous service providers (AAASPs) that run clinical AI services. A license would be required for fully autonomous AI and…

Colorado Artificial Intelligence Act

Colorado's SB 24-205 (the Colorado AI Act) covers high-risk AI that makes, or is a substantial factor in making, consequential decisions such as hiring, lending, housing, insurance and health care. Developers and deployers must use reasonable care against…

Delivery of professional services through artificial intelligence directly to consumers precluded, and enforcement and penalties provided.

Not law. Minnesota's HF 4979 would have added Minn. Stat. 325F.701, barring the owner of an AI model, or any business or person using one, from letting the model provide a professional service (one the state licenses, certifies or registers) to a consumer…

Establishes regulations regarding the use of artificial intelligence in mental health care treatments.

Rhode Island's Oversight of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Mental Health Care Act bars any person or company from offering therapy or psychotherapy to the public, including through internet AI, unless a licensed professional provides it. Licensed…

An act relating to regulating the use of artificial intelligence in the provision of mental health services

Act 156 bars a corporation or other entity from providing, advertising or offering mental health services to the public, including through AI, unless the services are provided by a licensed mental health professional or are part of an approved institutional…

A bill for an act relating to health carriers standards of conduct; utilization review organizations, artificial intelligence, audits, and prior authorizations; certificate of need processes; and including applicability provisions. (Formerly HF 2438.) Effective date: 07/01/2026.

Iowa's HF 2635 is a health insurance and certificate-of-need law. Its AI rule (Iowa Code § 514F.8(2A)) lets a utilization review organization use an AI-based algorithm or system for the initial review of a prior authorization request, but for a request based…

Health insurance

Not law. S. 920 would have required South Carolina health insurers that use AI, algorithms or other software for prior authorization to base decisions on the patient's own medical history and clinical circumstances, have a licensed physician or other…

Imposes liability for damages caused by a chatbot impersonating certain licensed professionals

New York's A 6545-C would add General Business Law section 390-f. Chatbot operators could not knowingly let a chatbot impersonate a practitioner of certain licensed professions or an attorney in a way that would be a crime or unauthorized practice if done by…

Relating to use of artificial intelligence in utilization review conducted for health benefit plans.

Texas HB 4018 (2025), as introduced, would have added Insurance Code Sec. 4201.156, requiring a utilization review agent that uses an AI-based algorithm or other software tool to ensure it bases determinations on the enrollee's clinical history and…

Providing for artificial intelligence in facilities, for artificial intelligence use by insurers and for artificial intelligence use by MA or CHIP managed care plans; imposing duties on the Department of Health, the Insurance Department and the Department of Human Services; and imposing penalties.

Pennsylvania's HB 1925 (2025-26), as amended (Printer's No. 3963), would add rules for AI in health care facilities, AI use by insurers and AI use by MA or CHIP managed care plans, with duties for the departments of Health, Insurance and Human Services and…

An act relating to regulating developers and deployers of certain automated decision systems

Vermont's H.340 (2025-2026 biennium) would have regulated developers and deployers of automated decision systems used for consequential decisions in areas such as education, employment, housing, health care, financial services and government services. It…

A bill for an act relating to utilization review organizations' use of artificial intelligence, prior authorization determinations and exemptions, and audits, and including applicability provisions. (Formerly SSB 3118.)

Iowa's SF 2421 (formerly SSB 3118) would have let utilization review organizations use an AI-based algorithm for initial review of prior authorization requests but not as the sole basis to deny, delay or downgrade a medical-necessity request, and would have…

Private Review Agents; certain decisions with regard to the provision of insurance coverage for healthcare services shall not be based solely on artificial intelligence systems; provide

Georgia Act 411, effective January 1, 2027, adds O.C.G.A. 33-46-7.1 for health insurance utilization review. Private review agents and utilization review entities may use AI and other software tools as part of a utilization review plan that meets state…

Relative to the use of artificial intelligence and other software tools in healthcare decision-making

Massachusetts S46 would amend G.L. c. 176O, s. 12 so that insurers using AI, algorithms or software for medical-necessity review may not let the tool deny, delay or modify care; only a licensed physician or competent licensed professional may decide. On…

Regulating high-risk artificial intelligence system development, deployment, and use.

Washington's HB 2157 (Substitute House Bill, 2026 session) would have required developers and deployers of high-risk AI systems, those specifically intended to make, or be a substantial factor in making, consequential decisions such as employment, lending,…

Commerce and Trade; private entities that employ certain AI systems to guard against discrimination caused by such systems; provide

Georgia's SB 167 would add a new Chapter 16 to Title 10 regulating automated decision systems used for consequential decisions (education, employment, essential government services, financial or lending services, healthcare, housing, insurance and legal…

Health Tech Investment Act

The federal S. 1399 (Health Tech Investment Act) would amend the Social Security Act so Medicare pays for FDA-cleared or approved AI and machine learning "algorithm-based healthcare services" under a new technology ambulatory payment classification, set from…

IDPH-DIAGNOSTIC ALGORITHM

Illinois's HB 5115 (103rd General Assembly) would have amended the University of Illinois Hospital Act, the Hospital Licensing Act and the Medical Patient Rights Act. Before using a diagnostic algorithm to diagnose a patient, a hospital would have to confirm…

An act relating to neurological rights and the use of artificial intelligence technology in health and human services

Act 101 states Vermont's intent for the ethical and responsible use of AI in health care and human services and recognizes individual neurological rights, including mental and neural data privacy, freedom of thought, and protection from unauthorized access…

Relating To Algorithmic Discrimination.

Hawaii's SB 59 (2025) would have added an Algorithmic Discrimination chapter. Covered entities (those holding data on more than 25,000 residents, over $15,000,000 in receipts, data brokers, or service providers) could not use algorithmic processes using…

Health insurance

South Carolina's Bill S0920 requires health insurers to consider factors like bias and transparency when using AI, mandates disclosures about AI usage to enrollees, and details disciplinary actions such as fines or license suspensions for violations.

Artificial Intelligence and Therapy or Psychotherapy

South Carolina's S 788 (committee-amended text of April 28, 2026) would add Chapter 86 to Title 40. A licensed professional could not use AI for supplementary support in therapy where the session is recorded or transcribed unless the patient is told in…

Relating To Health Care.

Hawaii's House Bill 1787 (2026) would have set rules for health carriers and utilization review organizations that use AI, algorithms or other software tools in utilization review: determinations would have to rest on individual clinical history, be open to…

Artificial intelligence chatbot technology requirements provision

Not law. SF 4997 would have barred chatbot operators in Minnesota from letting chatbots give substantive medical, mental health or legal advice that would require a license, with a private right of action that a disclaimer could not waive, and required clear…

Senate Substitute for HB 2313 by Committee on Federal and State Affairs - Prohibiting the use of the artificial intelligence platform DeepSeek and other artificial intelligence platforms controlled by a country of concern on state-owned devices and on any state network and the use of genetic sequencers or operational software used for genetic analysis that is produced in a foreign adversary.

Kansas's Senate Substitute for HB 2313 (2025) bars using state-owned or state-issued devices to access DeepSeek or any AI model controlled, directly or indirectly, by a country of concern (China including Hong Kong, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Russia,…

Prohibits advertising artificial intelligence system as licensed mental health professional.

New Jersey's S735 would bar anyone who develops or deploys an artificial intelligence system in New Jersey from advertising or representing that the system is, or can act as, a licensed mental health professional. A violation would be an unlawful practice…

Providing consumer protections for artificial intelligence systems.

Washington's HB 2667 (2026 session), the House companion to SB 6284, would have required deployers of high-risk AI systems used for consequential decisions on education, employment, lending, health care, housing, insurance, legal services and similar matters…

Enacts the "New York artificial intelligence consumer protection act", in relation to preventing the use of artificial intelligence algorithms to discriminate against protected classes.

New York's A 768, the "New York artificial intelligence consumer protection act," would add General Business Law Article 45-A. Beginning January 1, 2027, developers and deployers of high-risk AI decision systems used in consequential decisions (education,…

Establishing limitations on the use of artificial intelligence and artificial intelligence technology to deliver mental health care, with exceptions for administrative support functions

West Virginia's HB 4770 (2026 regular session, committee substitute) would have limited AI in mental health care. AI could assist only with administrative or supplementary support, with patient care, reimbursement or claims decisions not based exclusively on…

Prescribes requirements and safeguards for the use of an artificial intelligence, algorithm, or other software tool for the purpose of utilization review for health and accident insurance.

New York's S 7896 would add Public Health Law § 4905-a and Insurance Law § 4905-a. A utilization review agent using AI, an algorithm or another software tool based on medical necessity must base determinations on the enrollee's clinical history, may not rely…

Impersonation of certain licensed professionals by chatbot; definitions, notice, civil liability.

Virginia's HB 669 (2026 Regular Session) would have barred chatbots from acting as licensed professionals. As introduced, a chatbot proprietor could not let a chatbot give responses or take actions that would be the unlicensed practice of fields such as…

Health care services: artificial intelligence.

California's SB 503 targets bias in clinical AI. Developers and deployers (health facilities, clinics and medical practices) of clinical decision support systems, AI that aids decisions on timing of care, diagnosis or treatment, must make reasonable efforts…

Consumer Protection - Artificial Intelligence - Behavioral Health Care Prohibitions

Maryland's HB 883 (2026, third reader text) would have barred developers of AI offered to Maryland consumers from representing that the AI is a behavioral health care provider or can provide behavioral health care, and from offering AI specifically…

Health Insurance - Use of Artificial Intelligence - Human Evaluation

Maryland's HB 1385 (2026, first reader text) would have amended Insurance section 15-10B-05.1 so that audits and compliance reviews of AI, algorithms or software tools used by carriers for utilization review include a human evaluation of the patient's…

An act relating to regulating the use of artificial intelligence in the provision of mental health services

Vermont's H.644 (2026) would have barred anyone from offering, providing or advertising mental health services in Vermont that use AI in whole or in part, and barred mental health professionals from using AI for therapeutic decisions or communications,…

An act relating to regulating the use of artificial intelligence in the provision of mental health services

Vermont's S.241 (2026) would have barred anyone from offering, providing or advertising mental health services in Vermont that use AI in whole or in part, and barred mental health professionals from using AI for therapeutic decisions or communications,…

Artificial intelligence; requiring informed consent for use by licensed mental health professional or health care provider; authorizing and prohibiting certain uses. Emergency.

Oklahoma's SB 2037 (2026), as introduced, would have required a licensed mental health professional to inform a patient in writing and get consent before using AI for supplementary support in recorded or transcribed therapy sessions, allowed AI for…

Establishes regulations regarding the use of artificial intelligence in mental health care treatments.

Rhode Island H 7349 Substitute A (2026), enacted as Chapter 373, the Oversight of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Mental Health Care Act, adds chapter 40.1-5.5. Providers may use AI only for administrative or supplementary support, may not let AI make…

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 8, Chapter 27; Title 56 and Title 71, relative to health insurance.

Tennessee's HB1866 (114th General Assembly), the "Regulate Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Health Care Act," would have barred, on or after July 1, 2026, a health insurance issuer that uses AI, an algorithm or other software tool for utilization review or…

Relating To Artificial Intelligence.

Hawaii's SB 2585 (2026) would have required the Department of Health, with other agencies, to establish an AI-enhanced online clearinghouse of evidence-based treatment and prevention programs, use AI to classify programs by evidence level and cultural…

Relating To The Patients' Bill Of Rights.

Hawaii's Senate Bill 3027 (2026), which calls itself the Hawaii Patients' Bill of Rights of 2025, would have set prior authorization deadlines for health carriers (one business day urgent, three non-urgent) and required written disclosure of any automated…

State Emergency Medical Services Board - Public Access Automated External Defibrillator Program - Revisions

HB276 revises the Public Access Automated External Defibrillator Program by establishing AED coordinator requirements, repealing regional council AED committees, and exempting AEDs in certain law enforcement patrol vehicles. It also sets certification…

Artificial Intelligence Civil Rights Act of 2025

The AI Civil Rights Act would bar companies from developing or using AI-driven 'covered algorithms' in decisions about jobs, education, housing, utilities, health care, credit, insurance, criminal justice, elections, government benefits or public…

Artificial intelligence; age verification systems required for chatbots, safeguard protocols required, therapy chatbot requirements established, private right of action and enforcement provided for

Alabama's HB 324, as introduced, would require AI chatbot deployers to verify the age of every user, keep chatbots with human-like features away from minors (under 19) or offer minors a version without them, adopt protocols for users who express intent to…

Rural health care; Alabama Health Command established to designate an AI-assisted health platform in rural communities

Alabama's SB 97 would create the Alabama Health Command, an independent agency under a director appointed by the Governor, to designate an Alabama-headquartered business to develop a uniform virtual AI-assisted health platform for rural communities. The…

Health Insurance - Utilization Review - Use of Artificial Intelligence

Maryland HB 820 (2025) governs health insurers, pharmacy benefit managers and private review agents that use AI, algorithms or other software tools in utilization review. Tools must base determinations on the enrollee's own medical or clinical history and…

AN ACT to amend Tennessee Code Annotated, Title 33; Title 47 and Title 63, relative to mental health.

Tennessee's HB 1470 was enacted as its Senate companion, SB 1580 (Public Chapter 647): the House substituted SB 1580 for HB 1470 on March 16, 2026. The law adds Tenn. Code § 33-1-205: a person who develops or deploys an artificial intelligence system may not…

Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives that the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services should halt the pilot program and should not jeopardize seniors' access to critical health care by utilizing artificial intelligence to determine Medicare coverage.

The federal H.Res. 694 is a simple House resolution that would express the sense of the House that the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services "should not utilize artificial intelligence to determine whether patients' procedures will be covered by…