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Autonomous Vehicle AI Laws by State

116 bills across 31 states — oversight regulations, ticketing rules, deployment authority, liability frameworks and AI driver requirements. Updated May 2026.

31 states, 116 bills
88
Deployment Authority
10
Insurance & Liability
10
Oversight & Enforcement
8
Ticketing & Liability

Key Autonomous Vehicle AI Laws & Bills

Editorially curated and verified against primary sources. Updated automatically as new bills are published.

State Bill / Regulation Status Effective Category Source
Oversight & Enforcement
California DMV Autonomous Vehicle Regulations (2026 update) Adopted (May 2026) 2026-05 Oversight & Enforcement Primary Source
Ticketing & Liability
California AB (Davies) AV Accountability Bill Introduced (April 2026) Ticketing & Liability Primary Source
Deployment Authority
New York A03650 In Committee Deployment Authority Primary Source
Kentucky HB 223 Introduced Deployment Authority Primary Source

All Autonomous Vehicle & AI Driver Bills

State Bill Status Effective Category Summary
Alaska HB217 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Arizona SB1417 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
California DMV Autonomous Vehicle Regulations (2026 update) Adopted (May 2026) 2026-05 Oversight & Enforcement New California DMV rules strengthen oversight and enforcement authority, and authorize autonomous trucks and transit. Expands DMV power to suspend AV permits for safety violations.
California AB (Davies) AV Accountability Bill Introduced (April 2026) Ticketing & Liability Would hold autonomous vehicle builders accountable for traffic violations committed by their AI systems. Came after high-profile incidents involving driverless taxis blocking emergency vehicles in San Francisco.
California AB2441 Vetoed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
California AB2193 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
California AB2403 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
California AB33 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
California AB96 Enacted January 1, 2024 Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
California SB1246 Enacted July 1, 2028 Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
California SB480 Enacted January 1, 2026 Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
California SB1315 Dead/Failed Insurance & Liability Sets AV insurance and liability framework
Delaware SB46 Passed One Chamber Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
District of Columbia PR26-0104 Enacted March 4, 2025 Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
District of Columbia B26-0323 Introduced Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
District of Columbia B26-0153 Enacted March 21, 2025 Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
Florida S712 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Florida S1258 Dead/Failed July 1, 2026 Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
Florida H0311 Enacted Insurance & Liability Sets AV insurance and liability framework
Florida S0932 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Florida H1469 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Florida H1207 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Florida S1768 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Florida H725 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Georgia HR1371 Introduced Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Hawaii HB1797 Dead/Failed January 1, 2026 Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
Hawaii HB1231 Enacted December 31, 2025 Oversight & Enforcement Strengthens AV oversight and permitting
Illinois HB2593 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
Illinois HB4663 In Committee January 1, 2025 Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
Illinois HB5220 In Committee Ticketing & Liability Holds AV builders accountable for traffic violations
Illinois HB1839 In Committee Ticketing & Liability Holds AV builders accountable for traffic violations
Illinois SB3392 Introduced February 4, 2026 Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
Illinois HB2974 In Committee January 1, 2026 Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
Illinois SB1471 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Illinois HB2747 Dead/Failed Ticketing & Liability Holds AV builders accountable for traffic violations
Illinois SB1432 Dead/Failed Ticketing & Liability Holds AV builders accountable for traffic violations
Illinois HB2053 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Illinois SB3320 Dead/Failed Oversight & Enforcement Strengthens AV oversight and permitting
Illinois HB3044 In Committee Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Illinois HB5192 Dead/Failed Insurance & Liability Sets AV insurance and liability framework
Illinois SB3257 In Committee Oversight & Enforcement Strengthens AV oversight and permitting
Indiana HB1377 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Kentucky HB 223 Introduced Deployment Authority Provides commercial autonomous vehicle deployment authority and clarifies liability for AI-driven traffic violations in Kentucky.
Kentucky HB223 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
Kentucky HB135 Vetoed Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
Maryland SB909 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Maryland HB1295 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Maryland HB276 Enacted Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
Massachusetts S2379 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Massachusetts H3634 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Massachusetts H3669 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Minnesota SF4618 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Minnesota HF3513 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Minnesota SF4010 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Minnesota HF4521 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Minnesota HF4216 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
Mississippi HB1003 Enacted July 1, 2023 Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
Mississippi HB1770 Dead/Failed July 1, 2026 Oversight & Enforcement Strengthens AV oversight and permitting
Mississippi SB2676 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Mississippi SB2569 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
Mississippi SB2269 Enacted July 1, 2026 Oversight & Enforcement Strengthens AV oversight and permitting
Missouri HB2240 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Missouri HB3365 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Missouri HB2208 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Missouri SB1050 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Missouri HB3034 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Nevada SB382 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Nevada SB288 Enacted Insurance & Liability Sets AV insurance and liability framework
New Hampshire HB314 Vetoed Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
New Hampshire SB216 Enacted Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
New Jersey S4702 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
New Jersey A5919 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
New Jersey A1639 In Committee Insurance & Liability Sets AV insurance and liability framework
New Jersey A3968 In Committee Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
New Jersey S2324 In Committee Insurance & Liability Sets AV insurance and liability framework
New Jersey A958 In Committee Oversight & Enforcement Strengthens AV oversight and permitting
New Jersey A768 In Committee Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
New Jersey S1677 In Committee Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
New Jersey A3757 Dead/Failed February 22, 2024 Oversight & Enforcement Strengthens AV oversight and permitting
New Jersey A1589 Dead/Failed January 1, 2024 Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
New York A03650 In Committee Deployment Authority Establishes framework for testing and deployment of autonomous vehicles on New York roads, with mandatory data reporting and insurance requirements.
New York A06180 In Committee Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
New York A08109 In Committee Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
New York S07956 In Committee Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
New York S06751 In Committee Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
New York A07634 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
New York A04901 Introduced May 10, 2025 Insurance & Liability Sets AV insurance and liability framework
New York S02688 In Committee Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
New York A00793 In Committee Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
New York A00539 Dead/Failed April 9, 2023 Insurance & Liability Sets AV insurance and liability framework
New York S00344 Introduced April 8, 2025 Insurance & Liability Sets AV insurance and liability framework
New York A08621 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
New York S01012 Dead/Failed April 9, 2023 Insurance & Liability Sets AV insurance and liability framework
New York S07422 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
North Dakota HB1037 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
North Dakota HB1614 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
North Dakota HB1519 Enacted Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Oregon HB4085 Dead/Failed Oversight & Enforcement Strengthens AV oversight and permitting
Rhode Island H8012 Introduced Ticketing & Liability Holds AV builders accountable for traffic violations
South Carolina H4675 In Committee Oversight & Enforcement Strengthens AV oversight and permitting
Tennessee HB2302 Enacted Ticketing & Liability Holds AV builders accountable for traffic violations
Tennessee HB1168 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Tennessee SB0310 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Texas SB2807 Enacted September 1, 2025 Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Texas HB3837 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Texas SB2425 Passed One Chamber Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
United States (Federal) HB7390 Introduced Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
United States (Federal) HB4419 Introduced Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Utah HB0581 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Virginia HB1124 Enacted July 1, 2026 Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Virginia SB320 Enacted July 1, 2026 Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
Virginia HB582 Enacted July 1, 2026 Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
Virginia HB1125 Dead/Failed Ticketing & Liability Holds AV builders accountable for traffic violations
Virginia SB670 Passed One Chamber Deployment Authority Governs AV commercial deployment and testing
Washington HB1984 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Wisconsin SB831 Dead/Failed Deployment Authority Regulates autonomous vehicle operation
Autonomous Vehicles Industry Page AI Disclosure Tracker Enforcement Tracker All 50 States

Frequently Asked Questions

Which states regulate autonomous vehicle AI?

All 50 states have some form of autonomous vehicle rules, but the most active AI-specific regulation is in California (DMV oversight regulations effective May 2026), Texas, Arizona, Nevada and Pennsylvania for commercial AV deployment. New York (A03650), Kentucky (HB 223), and other states are developing AI driver-equivalent frameworks. The California DMV released new oversight regulations in May 2026 strengthening enforcement authority over autonomous trucks and transit.

Can a self-driving car get a ticket?

In most states, no — traffic tickets require a human driver. California is moving to change that: a 2026 bill (AB by Asm. Davies) would hold autonomous vehicle builders accountable for traffic violations committed by their AI systems. The bill came after several high-profile incidents involving driverless taxis running red lights and blocking emergency vehicles in San Francisco.

Who is liable when an autonomous vehicle crashes?

Liability for autonomous vehicle crashes is unsettled. Most states default to traditional driver liability, but AVs without a human driver shift exposure to the manufacturer, software developer, or fleet operator. California, Texas, and Pennsylvania have started crafting AI-specific liability frameworks tying the legal duty to the “automated driving system” rather than a human.

Sources verified May 2026. Updated automatically as new bills are published. Have a correction? Contact us.